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Biomedical subjects

G Triolo

Publications and source records attributed to G Triolo.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

IgG auto-anti-idiotype antibodies against antibody to insulin in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus. Detection by capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and relationship with anti-insulin antibody levels.

Antibody directed against insulin carries idiotypic determinants that may induce an auto-anti-idiotype (anti-Id) antibody response. We describe a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay which allows specific detection of IgG anti-Id directed against anti-insulin antibodies. Among 36 patients with type 1 diabetes, IgG anti-idiotype was detected in 21 (58%). An inverse significant correlation was found between titers of anti-idiotype and anti-insulin antibodies. These findings suggest that anti-idiotype antibodies may function to regulate the immune response to insulin. Whatever the mechanism of action of the anti-idiotype antibodies, we detected by ELISA, the clinical consequences and the theoretical implications of this determination may be important.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Detection of the terminal fluid-phase complement complex, SC5b-9, in the plasma of patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus. Relation to increased urinary albumin excretion and plasma von Willebrand factor.

An ELISA was used to measure the fluid-phase complement complex in the plasma of 54 patients with insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus. Sixty-seven per cent of the diabetic patients had increased levels of SC5b-9. In individual diabetic patients, increased SC5b-9 was found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of anti-heparan sulphate cross-reactive anti-ssDNA antibodies and in some cases with circulating immune complexes. There was a significant correlation between levels of SC5b-9 and those of urinary albumin excretion rate (AER) (r = 0.39, P less than 0.01). Levels of AER were 8.4 +/- 2.26 micrograms/min and 2.04 +/- 0.35 micrograms/min in the SC5b-9 positive and negative patients, respectively (P less than 0.01). A relationship was also found between SC5b-9 and plasma von Willebrand Factor (r = 0.45, P less than 0.02), von Willebrand factor was 189.2 +/- 19.3% and 132.3 +/- 19.6% in SC5b-9 positive and negative patients, respectively (P less than 0.05). It may be that the abnormalities found in this study play a role in the pathogenesis of the late diabetic vascular complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Immune complex-mediated inhibition of lymphocyte Fc-gamma receptors in the plasma of patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: association with anti-ssDNA antibodies.

Sera of 43 patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes and from 42 normal subjects were examined for the presence of Fc-gamma receptor-blocking IgG immune complexes, detected by EA rosette inhibition, and for the presence of anti-ssDNA antibodies by ELISA. Forty-four percent of diabetic patients had levels of inhibition above the upper limit of normality in comparison to 7% of normal controls. Anti-ssDNA antibodies were found in the sera of 14 out of 43 diabetic patients. Ten out of 14 anti-ssDNA positive patients (71.5%) had inhibition levels above the upper limit of normality in comparison to 9 out of 29 (31%) of the anti-ssDNA negative population. The difference was statistically significant (P less than 0.005). Levels of EA rosette inhibition were found to be high in patients with duration of diabetes of less than 2 years and correlated with high prevalence of anti-ssDNA antibodies. The percentage of EA rosette inhibition was found not to correlate with the levels of C1q-binding immune complexes, suggesting that immune complexes detected by EA rosette inhibition may belong to a pool of noncomplement-fixing immune complexes. The possible role of immune complexes with autoantibodies anti-ssDNA in the mechanism triggering and perpetuating autoimmune phenomena in diabetes is discussed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Comparison between two dialytic populations undergoing renal transplantation.

The outcome of renal transplantation in CAPD patients is still controversial since age and clinical differences often make comparison with hemodialysis patients difficult. The aim of this study was to analyse two homogeneous groups of patients, on CAPD and on hemodialysis. 18 CAPD (Group A) and 18 hemodialysis patients (Group B) were selected for a case-control analysis, matched for age, presence of acute tubular necrosis and Cyclosporine A regimen. Group A and B were not different for male/female ratio, donor age, HLA-Dr mismatches, arterial pressure, cold ischemia, or follow-up. Patient, graft survival and number of rejection episodes did not differ significantly at 1 year; serum creatinine at 6 and 12 months and CyA doses at 1 and 6 months were not different; hospitalization rates for first and subsequent admissions did not differ. Infection-free patients were 9/18 in Group A and 15/18 in Group B, with 12 episodes in Group A and 3 in Group B. Post transplant cholesterol levels showed a trend to increase in both groups and triglycerides levels to a decrease; differences in pre and post transplant in body weight were not significant at 12 months. In conclusion, the outcome of transplantation in CAPD patients is not significantly different from that in hemodialysis patients with similar clinical characteristics.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Increased plasma levels of IgA-IgG immune complexes and anti-F(ab')2 antibodies in patients with type 2 (non insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and microangiopathy.

C3 fixing IgA immune complexes were found to be elevated in 25% of patients with type 2 (non insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus as compared to healthy subjects (2%). Immune complexes containing both IgA and IgG were found in 42% of the diabetic population but not in controls. The presence of C3-IgA and/or IgA/IgG immune complexes correlated with the occurrence of antiglobulins antibodies of IgA class in particular with autoantibodies reactive with the Fab2 portion of IgG. These immunopathological findings were more frequent in patients that exhibited microvascular complications and in particular in patients with proliferative retinopathy. These and our previous results strongly suggest a role of IgA system abnormality in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications.

Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
PubMed1989

Serum levels of type III procollagen peptide in diabetes mellitus.

Serum levels of type III procollagen peptide (P-III-P) were investigated in 19 patients with type 1 (insulin-dependent) and in 48 (25 orally treated, 23 insulinized) patients with type 2 (non insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Among patients with type 2 diabetes, 16 orally treated and 14 insulin-treated subjects had macrovascular complications. P-III-P levels were not correlated with the duration of diabetes and with glucose control, nor were there any significant sex and age differences in the levels. P-III-P values were significantly higher in the sera of insulin-treated non insulin-dependent diabetic patients with macroangiopathy. These high values (18.5 +/- 10.8 ng/ml) were in contrast with normal values in healthy subjects (8.5 +/- 2.5, P less than 0.001), insulin-dependent diabetics (9.9 +/- 3.4 ng/ml, P less than 0.01), non insulin-dependent diabetics treated with oral agents (8.2 +/- 2.6 ng/ml, P less than 0.001) and insulin-treated non insulin-dependent patients without macroangiopathy (8.2 +/- 4.9 ng/ml, P less than 0.001). Although this study does not demonstrate that an increase in type III collagen synthesis is responsible for the pathogenesis of macroangiopathy, it suggests that insulin-dependent fibroblast sensitization may play a role in the acceleration and progression of macroangiopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cross-reactivity of anti-ssDNA antibodies with heparan sulfate in patients with type I diabetes mellitus.

Anti-single-stranded-DNA antibodies cross-reactive with heparan sulfate were detected in serums of patients with type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. The results suggested that heparan sulfate, the major glycosaminoglycan constituent of the glomerular basement membrane, may serve as a target antigen in vivo for cross-reactive anti-DNA antibodies. These polyreactive antibodies, directed toward repeating negatively charged units, may neutralize the heparan sulfate-associated polyanionic sites in the glomerulus, leading to an abnormal permeability of anionic plasma proteins.

Child↗
PubMed1989

The relationship of insulin antibodies, platelet-fixing immune complexes and platelet-associated IgG to in vitro platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 synthesis in childhood type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.

The relationship of insulin antibodies, platelet-fixing soluble immune complexes and platelet associated IgG to in vitro platelet aggregation and thromboxane B2 synthesis was studied in a group of children with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Insulin antibodies, through the formation of insulin anti-insulin platelet-fixing immune complexes, seem to increase the levels of platelet associated IgG and both insulin immunity and increased platelet associated IgG are associated with the highest degree of platelet aggregation and thromboxane synthesis. These data suggest a possible role of immune factors in the platelet disfunction of diabetic subjects. Both platelet abnormalities and immune factors have been thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of the late diabetic complications. In this paper data concerning a possible interaction between these two factors are presented.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1989

Detection of anti-phospholipid (cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine) antibodies in the serum of patients with non insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus and macroangiopathy. Coexistence of anti-platelet reactivity.

IgA and IgG antibodies against cardiolipin and/or phosphatidylserine were detected in the sera of patients with non insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus. The highest prevalence was observed in particular in patients with macrovascular complications (86%). A significant increase of platelet bound IgA and IgG was observed also in patients with sera positive for anti-phospholipid antibodies suggesting the coexistence of reactivity against phospholipid and platelets. Several reports have focused on a new clinical entity characterized by the presence of anti-phospholipid and by a tendency to venous and arterial thrombosis. In addition to their acute thrombogenic effects, we suggest that anti-phospholipid antibodies may play a role in the impairment of the thromboresistant property of vascular endothelium and in the enhancement of platelet aggregation leading to the pathogenesis and/or progression of the macrovascular diabetic complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Lipoprotein and apoprotein levels in different types of dialysis.

Cardiovascular disease is common in chronic renal failure and its progression during dialysis has been described. We evaluated lipoprotein and apoprotein profiles in 30 male and 28 female uremic patients on dialysis in order to compare the results with 30 male and 19 female non-uremic controls and to detect any differences in lipemic pattern due to different types of dialysis. The dyslipidemic picture typical of uremia was observed in both sexes, coupled with significant hypertriglyceridemia and an increase in the lipid components of the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). There was also a significant reduction in high density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol and HDL2 cholesterol. Apo C levels were increased, whereas Apo AI and AII were diminished. Apo B levels were unchanged. We also evaluated their lipid profile in relation to three types of dialysis: hemodialysis, hemofiltration and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Analysis of variance of three different types of dialysis performed for comparable periods of time showed that the parameters typically altered in uremia (Tg, VLDL, ApoC, ApoE) were uniform, whereas differences were observed in the variables indicative of cholesterol and phospholipid metabolism. The alterations of cholesterol metabolism in some subjects, in addition to the specific alterations of Tg metabolism, help explain the elevated prevalence of atherosclerotic complications in dialysed uremic patient.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1988

Platelet associated IgG (PA IgG) in patients with insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus.

Increased levels of Platelet Associated IgG have been found in 30% of patients with insulin dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus, closely associated with the simultaneous presence in the serum of insulin antibodies and immune complexes. It is suggested that the increase in PA IgG levels may be of importance in the occurrence of the platelet abnormalities observed in diabetes mellitus.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1988

Exercise-induced microalbuminuria in diabetes is associated with the urinary excretion of cationic proteins.

Urinary protein components, highly cationic in nature (pI 10.9), with apparent molecular weights of 65 kD, 45 kD, and 28 kD were detected in type I diabetic patients before (2/7), during (4/7) and after (1/7) exercise. Based on the apparent isoelectric point and molecular weights, the urinary cationic components in the urines of type I diabetic patients were superimposable to purified cationic proteins derived from human platelets. Furthermore, they also shared common antigenic components as evidenced by the ability of a goat anti-human platelet-derived cationic protein serum to immunoprecipitate the 45 kD protein fraction. The latter induced vascular permeability when injected intradermally in the rabbit's skin. The occurrence of urinary cationic proteins was associated with the significant increase in albumin excretion rate (AER) in diabetic patients. No urinary cationic components were ever detected in the urines of 6 healthy subjects before, during, or after exercise. The possible pathogenetic relevance of the urinary excretion of cationic proteins in diabetic AER is discussed.

Adolescent↗