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Biomedical subjects

G Triolo

Publications and source records attributed to G Triolo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Anti-single-stranded DNA antibody in the sera of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Relation to vascular complications.

Anti-single-stranded(ss)DNA antibodies were searched for by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the serum of 202 outpatients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and 135 healthy subjects to investigate their prevalence in the serum of patients with type 2 diabetes and their relationship with the presence of vascular complications. Of the 202 patients 128 had vascular complications. Anti-ssDNA antibodies were observed to be significantly more frequent in the serum of patients with vascular complications (33.6%) and in particular in patients with overt nephropathy (50%) than in patients without complications (6.7%) or controls (6.7%). Anti-ssDNA antibodies have been previously described in patients with type 1 diabetes before clinical evidence of vascular disease and their cross-reactivity with a variety of anionic biological molecules or cells, i.e. platelets and endothelial cells, assessed. It seems not unreasonable that these auto-antibodies detected in patients with type 2 diabetes could be of importance in the pathogenesis or progression of angiopathy.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1996

Detection of anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies in the serum of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Anti-myeloperoxidase (anti-MPO) antibodies were detected in 34 of 88 (38%) patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus but in only 3 of 55 (5.7%) healthy subjects and in 4 of 20 patients with autoimmune disease. Specificity of anti-MPO antibodies was assessed by MPO inhibition studies. No relationship was found between the occurrence of anti-MPO and anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies. Levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) were found to be higher in anti-MPO antibody-positive (n = 28, 508 +/- 126 ng/ml) than in anti-MPO antibody-negative (n = 58, 438 +/- 140 ng/ml: P < 0.05) patients. A state of chronic neutrophil activation has been described in diabetes mellitus. As anti-MPO antibodies can stimulate neutrophils to damage endothelial cells in systemic vasculitis, this suggests that a similar mechanism may be operative in the development of diabetic angiopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Diabetes mellitus is currently one of the most frequent causes or associated causes of uremia. Data from the Piedmont registry of dialysis and transplantation (update, December 1993)].

A regular dialytic treatment of diabetic patients is until accepted from about twenty years in many areas. Aim of this work was a retrospective analysis of main clinical and survival data of diabetic patients (diabetic nephropathy or diabetes as comorbidous factor = 659 cases) admitted for dialysis in Piedmont (Northern Italy Region about 4,400,000 inhabitants) in the period 1981-1993 (functional recovery and follow-up < 1 month excluded). A progressive increment in incidence of diabetic patients was seen mostly in the aged. At 12/31/1993, 263 of 2404 patients admitted for dialysis were diabetics (10.9%); the majority of them was treated in Hospital Centers with bicarbonate haemodialysis (54.4%), while a small group was treated with CAPD (12.9%). During the years ¿80 was seen a progressive leaving of CAPD as first choice method in this population and in the last period the orienteering is the utilization of mixed methods (diffusive-convective as first choice). As regards the survival are not prominent significant differences between this cohort and the cohort affected by vasculopathy as comorbidous factor (86.2 and 54.2% in diabetics vs 78.6 and 55.2% in patients affected by vasculopathy at 1 and 3 years--p = 0.3481; patients aged 45-64 years). In conclusion the cohort of diabetic patients represent a good marker of the clinical problems of the elder population with high clinic risk, in progressive increasing in our Region.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Dialysis in the elderly: improvement of survival results in the eighties.

Analysis of long-term dialysis results is the cornerstone of renal replacement therapy evaluation. Elderly patients may be considered a crucial cohort, since subtle differences may be enhanced in a population of lower life expectancy. The aim of the study was an analysis, from the Piedmont Registry of Dialysis and Transplantation, of the results obtained in 1981-1992 (northern Italy, about 4,400,000 inhabitants, 21 dialysis centres, open acceptance since mid-1970s) in patients aged > or = 65 years (475 patients started treatment in 1981-1985, 1026 in 1986-1992). As a first treatment, during the 12 years considered acetate haemodialysis decreased sharply; bicarbonate haemodialysis is currently the standard treatment (68%). Peritoneal dialysis is stable (21%), and haemodiafiltration is increasing (8%). Shifts between treatments are frequent: 15% of elderly patients changed treatment at least once in 1991-1992. Nephroangiosclerosis/ischaemic renal disease, undefined causes and diabetes mellitus are the major causes of end-stage renal disease; 57.3% of patients have high risk conditions in addition to age. In this cohort of patients, mean age of new cases starting dialysis significantly increased in 1986-1992 (72.7 +/- 5.4 years) versus 1981-1985 (71.3 +/- 4.5; P < 0.001). Despite this, survival at 2 years increased significantly from 54.6% in the period 1981-1985 to 59% in the period 1986-1992 (P < 0.05). Even in an ageing dialysis population, therefore, choice of an open dialysis system with easy changes among treatments allowed improvement of survival results; further technical advances may help in maintaining present trends.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

Anti platelet property of anti-single-stranded DNA antibodies in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.

Nineteen of 50 sera from children with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus showed anti-platelet reactivity. This reactivity was significantly associated with the presence of proteoglycan cross-reactive anti-ssDNA antibodies. As well as DNA-anti-DNA interaction, increasing salt concentration of the dilution buffer caused a decrease in the binding of positive sera to platelets. Purified ssDNA inhibited also the anti-platelet reactivity of anti-ssDNA positive sera. The addition of purified IgG from anti-ssDNA positive but not from anti-ssDNA negative sera to washed platelets caused an increased collagen-induced platelet aggregation similar to that obtained with the addition of polycationic agents. It may be suggested that ionic interaction between anti-negative charged molecule antibodies (such as anti-ssDNA antibodies) and platelet surface negative charges may be a pathophysiological mechanism contributing to the altered platelet function observed in diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The value of albumin and cholesterol blood levels as indicators of the risk of death in dialysis. Working Group of the Piedmont Registry of Dialysis and Transplantation].

In recent years, the availability of large epidemiological series allowed identification of biochemical outcome markers in the dialysis population. Interest towards albumin and cholesterol levels is motivated by their easy availability and by the presence of a strong short-term effect on mortality and morbidity. The aim of the study was an analysis of the relationship between albumin and cholesterol levels at start of dialysis and mortality (gross mortality and Kaplan Meier survival curves). Data were obtained from the Piedmont Regional Registry of Dialysis and Transplantation (Northern Italy Region, about 4,400,000 inhab, 20 Dialysis Centers, open acceptance since mid '70, yearly information on 100% of patients) in the period 1981-1990 (4734 patients on file). Only non diabetic patients with follow-up > = 1 month, who started treatment in the Region, were selected. Patients with renal function recovery were excluded. Albumin levels were dichotomized at 3.5 g/dl. Cholesterol was stratified into 3 levels (< 150, 150-250, > or = 300 mg/dl). The choice of dividing the study into 2 periods (1980-1985 vs 1986-1990) is due to the fact that 1984 has been the year of switch from acetate to bicarbonate dialysis. Prevalence of albumin and cholesterol under the normal range (22% and 15%) is low and rises with age and presence of high risk conditions. A a good correlation with the risk of death of these biochemical markers (stronger for albumin at least in the short term) was observed. No correlations are found with risk of death and elevated cholesterol levels (low number of cases).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Two-site ELISA for quantification of the terminal C5b-9 complement complex in plasma. Use of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against a neoantigen of the complex.

A quantitative ELISA procedure using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against neoantigens of the terminal C5b-9 complement complex has been developed. The ELISA was demonstrated to be both sensitive and reproducible. The normal range for C5b-9 determinations, defined as 2.5-97.5% interval of the values obtained in 76 healthy blood donors, was 3.12-10.3 AU/ml. The presence of rheumatoid factor did not affect the determination of C5b-9 as demonstrated by immunoabsorption studies.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Inhibition of Fc gamma receptors in the plasma of subjects with Down's syndrome.

Subjects with Down's syndrome have several immunological abnormalities. We examined the sera of 29 subjects with Down's syndrome for the presence of Fc gamma receptor blocking and for the presence of anti-ssDNA antibodies by EA rosette inhibition. Fifty-five percent of Down subjects had levels of inhibition above the upper limit of normality in comparison to 7% of normal controls. The finding that after polyethylene glycol precipitation of selected sera giving high levels of EA rosette inhibition there was a reduction or a disappearance of the EA rosette inhibition could indicate that the blocking factors detected behaved as immune complexes. Since almost all subjects with anti-ssDNA antibodies also had elevated values of EA rosette inhibition, a role for immune complexes eventually formed with autoantibodies in an Fc-mediated immunoregulatory system is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Diabetic patients on dialysis: a changing picture.

Prevalence of diabetic patients on dialysis is often considered a marker of overall acceptance rate for dialysis; however, even when acceptance policy is open, incidence of diabetic patients varies widely. Epidemiological differences of diabetes incidence all over the world partly explain the discrepancies. Incidence of diabetic patients accepted for dialysis (1981 to 82: 6 p.m.p.; 1989 to 90: 11.5 p.m.p.) differs according to age and sex in the setting analyzed (Piedmont, Northern Italian region, about 4,400,000 inhabitants, 20 dialysis centers, open acceptance since the mid-70s, yearly information on 100% of patients, gathered by a Dialysis and Transplantation Registry). Patterns changed remarkably during the 10 years considered (1981 to 90). Incidence was higher in males (10.4 p.m.p. in the period 1981 to 90), with a peak at ages 60 to 69. Incidence remained relatively stable in the younger patients, but increased in the elderly, mainly in males, rising from 6.23 in 1981 to 82 to 12.88 p.m.p. in 1989 to 90 (males, all ages). In conclusion, the demographic characteristics of diabetic patients with ESRD accepted for dialysis is changing. The stability of incidence of younger patients reassures about the open acceptance policy, at least in these ages. The increase in the elderly probably reflects the longer lifespan of diabetic patients in the overall population. The possibility of a hidden preselection must be further assessed. Future provisions of dialysis needs must take into account the trend towards an increase of this high risk, elderly population.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Antibodies to hepatitis C virus in kidney transplantation.

Ninety patients on dialysis, 241 cadaveric kidney donors and 27 cadaveric kidney recipients with a follow-up of 2 years, have been investigated as for anti-HCV positivity by means of 3 tests. As for patients on dialysis and cadaveric donors, the prevalence was 32 and 4%, respectively. As for transplanted patients, it must be noted that 4 negative recipients from positive donors seroconverted, but without any change in hepatic enzymes, while in 2 or 9 anti-HCV-positive recipients, hepatic enzymes increased after transplantation. Seroconversion in patients transplanted from a negative donor was not significantly different. We conclude that, according to their experience, anti-HCV positivity in the donors is not associated with a significant risk of infection in recipients of cadaveric grafts.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Lipoprotein-apolipoprotein changes in renal transplant recipients: a 2-year follow-up.

Renal transplantation modifies the dyslipidemia characteristic of chronic renal failure (CRF). The change in lipoprotein and lipid values of 51 transplant recipients, on cyclosporine and corticosteroid treatment, was studied during 2 years after transplantation to examine the short- and medium-term variations of lipid metabolism. Compared with control values of (all in mg/dL) triglycerides (Tg) 111 +/- 44, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) Tg 69 +/- 18, total cholesterol (Chol) 201 +/- 32, VLDL-Chol 32 +/- 9, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) Chol 118 +/- 28, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) Chol 50 +/- 10, uremic patients pretransplantation exhibited values of Tg 200 +/- 82 (P less than .001), VLDL-Tg 133 +/- 70 (P less than .001), Chol 193 +/- 51 (NS), VLDL-Chol 52 +/- 16 (P less than .001), LDL-Chol 100 +/- 37 (P less than .007), HDL-Chol 40 +/- 16 (P less than .001), which changed to Tg 118 +/- 18 (P less than .001), VLDL-Tg 64 +/- 45 (P less than .001), Chol 223 +/- 48 (P less than .006), VLDL-Chol 26 +/- 33 (P less than .001), LDL-Chol 134 +/- 43 (P less than .001), at HDL-Chol 63 +/- 21 (P less than .001) at 3 months and Tg 135 +/- 76, VLDL-Tg 81 +/- 62, Chol 218 +/- 55, VLDL-Chol 22 +/- 20, LDL-Chol 139 +/- 46, and HDL-Chol 58 +/- 18 at 24 months without evidence of a significative variations in the 3- to 24-month posttransplant period.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Nerve conduction velocity and circulating immunocomplexes in type 1 diabetic children.

There is evidence from several laboratories of an increased prevalence of circulating immuno-complexes (CIC) in diabetic patients. It has also been suggested that CIC are pathogenetically related to chronic diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to assess peripheral nerve function in children with Type 1 diabetes and to evaluate the relationship between the neurophysiological abnormalities and the possible presence of CIC. The investigation was carried out in 25 Type 1 diabetic patients ranging in age from 7-19 years and in 20 normal controls. Neurophysiological assessment was performed to evaluate motor and sensory conduction velocity on median and tibial nerves. IgG-CIC were detected by the solid-phase C1q-binding and anti-C3 enzyme immuno-assay. The results of this study showed a greater slowing of median motor and sensory and tibial sensory conduction velocities in patients with CIC with respect to the patients without CIC, suggesting a possible role of immunological factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

IgG auto-anti-idiotype antibodies against antibody to insulin in insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes mellitus. Detection by capture enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and relationship with anti-insulin antibody levels.

Antibody directed against insulin carries idiotypic determinants that may induce an auto-anti-idiotype (anti-Id) antibody response. We describe a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay which allows specific detection of IgG anti-Id directed against anti-insulin antibodies. Among 36 patients with type 1 diabetes, IgG anti-idiotype was detected in 21 (58%). An inverse significant correlation was found between titers of anti-idiotype and anti-insulin antibodies. These findings suggest that anti-idiotype antibodies may function to regulate the immune response to insulin. Whatever the mechanism of action of the anti-idiotype antibodies, we detected by ELISA, the clinical consequences and the theoretical implications of this determination may be important.

Animals↗