The stroma of scirrhous breast carcinoma frequently contains an abundance of material with the histologic staining properties of elastic tissue referred to as elastosis. In the present study, this lesion was found to correspond at the ultrastructural level to elastic fibers of various sizes and random orientation. These fibers displayed the two characteristic components, consisting of an amorphous core with a peripheral mantle of microfibrils. Interspersed among the elastic fibers were modified fibroblasts. These cells exhibited an irregular contour with numerous cytoplasmic processes and indentations. Their cytoplasm contained abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, prominent Golgi complexes, and bundles of filaments. In the extracellular space, elastic fibers were often closely apposed to the plasma membrane of the fibroblasts. Carcinoma cells were also observed in the elastic tissue. It is postulated that fibroblasts, probably under an inductive influence from cancer cells, are the cells responsible for elastic production.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗

PubMed1976

Distribution of adenosine triphosphatase in infiltrating ductal carcinoma and non-neoplastic breast.

The histochemical reaction for adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) has previously been used to differentiate myoepithelial from epithelial cells in the breast and to investigate the possible contribution of myoepithelial cells to mammary carcinoma. Discrepancies in published reports prompted this study of ATPase in non-neoplastic breast and infiltrating ductal carcinoma. ATPase was localized mainly on myoepithelial cells of normal breast and was identified with significant frequency on epithelial cells in hyperplastic ducts. Infiltrating ductal carcinomas usually displayed a variable reactivity. In one instance, malignant cells demonstrating mucin production were found to be ATPase-positive. An infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the papillary type with apocrine features was also strongly ATPase-reactive. It is concluded that ATPase is not an exclusive marker of myoepithelial cells and, therefore, data resulting from the use of this enzyme to study the role of the myoepithelium in mammary carcinoma must be interpreted with caution.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed1976

Acebultolol: basis for the prediction of effect on exercise tolerance.

Twelve unselected males suffering from documented coronary insufficiency and moderately severe angina submitted to graded multistage treadmill exercise testing on 3 separate days, 3.5 hr after a single dose of 0,200, or 400 mg of acebulolol, a cardioselective beta blocker. Control measures included random allocation of 2 patients to each of 6 balanced sequences of administration, standardized double-blind conditions, and variance analysis for Latin-square design with repeated measures on each subject. Performance was evaluated by measuring time elapsed until anginal pain, peak heart rate, peak product of heart rate and blood pressure, and peak oxygen consumption. Mean values for all criteria were significantly atered by 400 mg of acebutolol. Seven out of twelve patients were classified as responders (i.e., exercise duration increased 100% or more). The response after acebutolol was correlated with the performance on placebo in the base of exercise duration, peak heart rate, and peak product of heart rate and blood pressure. It is concluded that: (1) performance criteria are useful predictors of response to beta blockade and (2) acebutolol is a potent antianginal agent when judged by an objective treadmill exercise test.

Acebutolol↗

PubMed1976

[Return to work after aortocoronary bypass].

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Age Factors↗

PubMed1975

The unique association of mammary stromal sarcoma with intraductal carcinoma.

The unique combination of clinically unsuspected stromal sarcoma and noninfiltrating intraductal mammary carcinoma is presented. This association has not been previously documented. The clinicopathologic features of cystosarcoma phyllodes and mammary stromal sarcoma are reviewed to provide background perspectives to illuminate the unusual aspects of this case.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Properties of acebutolol in twenty patients with cardiac arrhythmias.

Acebutolol (M & B 17,803 A), a new cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent, was given intravenously to 20 selected patients with various cardiac arrhythmias. Cumulative doses ranging from 12.5 to 50 mg were moderately or highly effective in 4 out of 4 patients with sinus tachycardia, 2 out of 3 patients with premature atrial beats, 3 out of 4 patients with premature ventricular beats, 3 out of 5 patients with atrial fibrillation (one was converted to sinus rhythm) and in 2 out of 3 patients with atrial flutter. The drug was ineffective in one patient with atrial tachycardia. Mild systolic hypotension occured in two patients with recent myocardial infarction and there was some aggravation of a preexisting bronchospasm in a patient with congestive heart failure secondary to hyper-thyroidism. It was concluded that acebutolol is a cardioselective beta-blocker which by intravenous route may be useful in the treatment of selected cardiac arrhythmias.

Acebutolol↗

PubMed1975

Differential antianginal responsiveness to acebutolol.

Six unselected males suffering from documented coronary insufficiency and grade II to III angina were submitted to graded multistage treadmill exercise test on 3 separate occasions, 3.5 hours after ingestion of either 0, 200 or 400 mg of acebutolol, a new cardioselective beta-blocker. Control measures included the random allocation to 6 balanced sequences of administration, the rigid standardisation of double-blind experimental conditions and measurements, and two types of variance analysis (latin-square and split-plot). Performance was evaluated by measuring time elapsed before occurrence of anginal pain and ECG changes, peak heart rate, peak double product (heart rate x systolic pressure), and peak oxygen consumption. The mean values for all 5 criteria showed improvement with the 200 mg dose of acebutolol, and even more so with 400 mg, but this overall effect resulted mainly from the excellent response of 3 of the patients. When patients were grouped into 2 categories of responders and non-responders, a significant Dose x Category interaction was found for all criteria. Furthermore, maximal response under acebutolol was negatively correlated with values under placebo (0 mg); this correlation reached significance for peak heart rate and peak double product. It is concluded that (a) in responders, the beneficial effect of acebutolol was significant on all 5 criteria (p less than 0.05), (b) patients definitely fell into 2 categories of responsiveness and (c) the sensitivity of responders was partly linked to their performance under placebo and partly to unidentified individual factors.

Acebutolol↗

PubMed1975

Quantification pitfalls in comparative studies of antianginal therapies.

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Angina Pectoris↗

PubMed1975

Catecholamine-ouabain interaction on the isolated perfused rat heart.

The effect of catecholamine-depleting pretreatments, reserpine, and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA) on left ventricular pressure (LVP) and the inotropic response to graded doses of ouabain (up to 300 mug/0.05 ml) was studied in isolated perfused rat and guinea-pig hearts. In rats, reserpine and 6-OH-DA depleted the cardiac content of catecholamine, but did not increase initial LVP and did not reduce the inotropic response to the highest dose of ouabain. It is concluded that in isolated rat hearts, these catecholamine-depleting pretreatments nearly abolish the inotropic response to ouabain, and this effect appears to be mediated mainly through an increase in initial LVP. The reason why catecholamine depletion failed to increase initial LVP in guinea pigs remains unexplained.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

[Is coronarography justified in unstable angina? Experience of 130 cases].

The many important features of selective cine-coronary-arteriography to show the coronary arterial tree are demonstrated in the study of 130 such investigations carried out in patients with unstable angina. Cine-coronary-arteriography shows up the extent and location of obstructive atherosclerotic lesions. Ventriculography, together with measurement of ventricular pressures, gives information about the function and kinetic status of the left ventricle. These two investigations which do not, in our opinion, carry a greater risk in these cases than in cases with chronic angina, allow a precise diagnosis to be made. The early discovery of major lesions before infarction has occurred allow conclusions to be drawn about the prognosis and the appropriate treatment.

Angina Pectoris↗