Biomedical subjects

G Toolanen

Publications and source records attributed to G Toolanen.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1989

Low field (0.02 T) magnetic resonance imaging of bone and soft tissue tumors.

Extremely low field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was evaluated in 16 patients with bone and soft tissue tumors, both benign and malignant. Twelve of the lesions were located in the lower extremity, 2 in the gluteal and 2 in the shoulder region. The findings were compared to the results of computed tomography (CT). Low signal-to-noise ratio and poor spatial resolution result in an image quality which is inferior to that obtained with MR imaging at higher field strengths. In spite of this, the diagnostic information seems to be at least comparable to that obtained from CT.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Scintigraphic findings in acute whiplash injury of the cervical spine.

A prospective scintigraphic and radiographic study was carried out in 35 patients with a whiplash injury of the cervical spine. The scintigraphic findings were within normal limits in 31 of the patients, while four had either a focal or multifocal increase in activity. Plain radiography revealed skeletal changes secondary to spondylosis in three patients and a localized bony spur with avulsion of a barely visible fragment in one. Our investigation shows that skeletal lesions after whiplash injury, although very few, are shown by plain skeletal radiography. Scintigraphy is not indicated for screening purposes.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

Oculomotor problems after cervical spine injury.

Oculomotor function was investigated in 39 patients with a previous soft-tissue injury of the cervical spine. The velocity, the accuracy, and the pattern of the eye movements were disturbed in 20 patients with chronic and disabling symptoms. Oculomotor function in the 19 asymptomatic patients did not differ from a control group. The oculomotor function seems to be impaired, possibly by brain stem lesions, in patients with chronic symptoms of whiplash injury of the cervical spine.

Adult↗

PubMed1988

Sonography of popliteal masses.

Sonography of the popliteal space was performed in 28 patients with a history of a popliteal mass, verified by physical examination in all but 7 patients. The final diagnosis was established by needle biopsy or surgery. Three main types of lesions were found sonographically. A thin-walled echo-free cyst was present in 16 patients. The diagnosis in all of these cases was Baker's cyst. Two patients had a mixed cystic and solid lesion, which was found to be a Baker's cyst, with a loose body in 1 case and a soft-tissue sarcoma with hematoma in the other. Three patients showed solid lesions subsequently diagnosed as an old rupture of the semimembranosus muscle, lipoma, and soft tissue sarcoma. Sonography was normal in the 7 patients without clinical evidence of a popliteal mass. Sonography of popliteal masses is useful to distinguish benign cysts from other lesions.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) in rheumatoid cervical subluxation.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) were recorded in 34 patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis. Eighteen had atlanto-axial subluxation and 16 had no roentgenological evidence of cervical subluxation. Four patients in the group with cervical subluxation showed pathological SSEP values from both median and tibial nerves indicating conduction block in the upper cervical medulla. In the group with no cervical subluxation, 6 patients had prolonged SSEP latency, 5 of these on recordings from the tibial nerves with normal median nerve latencies and one with only bilaterally prolonged median nerve latencies. The pathological SSEP findings in the former group of patients we attribute to the cervical subluxation, while the findings in the latter group might be related to spinal cord vasculitis or extradural granulation tissue. The SSEP method can be useful in providing objective evidence for spinal cord lesions in patients with rheumatoid cervical subluxation.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗

PubMed1987

Cutaneous sensory impairment in rheumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation assessed quantitatively by electrical stimulation.

Thresholds for cutaneous perception and pain in 27 rheumatoid patients were investigated by electrical stimulation. Patients with atlanto-axial subluxation showed impaired sensibility over the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. Patients with vertical atlanto-axial subluxation showed in addition to a pronounced decrease in the sensibility over the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve, also sensory disturbances over cervical, thoracic and lumbar levels. The mandibular division was never affected. The trigeminal sensibility seems to be affected early in the rheumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation and progresses with the severity of the subluxation, possibly due to bony compression of the trigeminal spinal tract at C 1 level.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗

PubMed1986

Medullary compression in rheumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation evaluated by computerized tomography.

CT examination of rheumatoid dislocation in the C1-C2 region was performed in 20 patients with advanced disease. The patients were classified in three grades according to the degree of medullary compression caused by the odontoid process in the extended position of the neck. Five patients showed no dural or medullary compression (grade 1), nine dural compression (grade 2), and six medullary compression (grade 3). CT grading was found to correlate best with long tract symptoms. These were present in 4/6 grade 3 and 0/5 grade 1 patients, while 3/9 grade 2 patients had long tract symptoms. Tissue attenuation values over the anterior atlanto-axial joint indicated interposing firm connective tissue in patients showing no reduction of the subluxation on extension of the neck.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Dilatation of cerebral ventricles in patients with rheumatoid vertical atlanto-axial subluxation.

Twenty-four patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, 12 of them with anterior atlanto-axial subluxation alone and 12 with vertical atlanto-axial subluxation, were examined by echo-encephalographic measurement of the width of third and lateral cerebral ventricles. The 12 patients with anterior atlanto-axial subluxation showed normal values for the third and the lateral ventricles. Ten of the 12 patients with vertical atlanto-axial subluxation had increased width of third and lateral ventricles, indicating hydrocephalus.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Posterior fusion for atlanto-axial subluxation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Posterior cervical fusion was performed in 34 patients with advanced rheumatoid atlanto-axial subluxation. Atraumatic surgical technique was used with local anesthesia and without skull traction. Intractable occipital rhizopathy and long-tract signs were the main indications. Anterior atlanto-axial subluxation in 28 patients was operated on with posterior fusion of C1-C2. Superior migration of the odontoid process into the foramen magnum in six patients was treated with posterior fusion of occiput C1-C2. Immediate mobilization in a plastic brace followed surgery. Average follow-up was 3 years. All patients became symptom-free, except for three who had remaining long-tract signs. Bony fusion was achieved in 17 patients; stable fibrous fusion, in 8 patients; and pseudoarthrosis, in 4 patients. There were no major postoperative complications. Five deaths occurred after 1-2 years from unrelated causes.

Adult↗