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G Tokuda

Publications and source records attributed to G Tokuda.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

Swine vesicular disease viruses isolated from healthy pigs in non-epizootic period. I. Isolation and identification.

A total of 524 fecal samples were collected from healthy swine of 36 hog farms scattered all over Japan from which had been detected neutralizing antibody against swine vesicular disease (SVD) virus. A virus was isolated from 21 of them. It was neutralized by antiserum against SVD virus. Of the 21 samples, 19 were derived from six farms, in areas which remained to be free from SVD in the past years and two from a farm where SVD broke out 18 months before. The cross-neutralization test was carried out with seven strains of SVD virus isolated from healthy pigs (SVDV-H) and five strains of SVD virus isolated from diseased pigs (SVDV-D). There was, however, no significant difference in antigenicity between the two groups. Some strains of SVDV-H were antigenically close to the Faulkner strain of Coxsackie B5 virus, and others to the freshly isolated strain of this virus. Neutralizing antibody of low titer against SVD virus was detected from pigs kept in areas free from SVD. It was presumed to have been produced in these pigs involved in silent infection with this virus.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1980

Swine vesicular disease viruses isolated from healthy pigs in non-epizootic period. II. Vesicular formation and virus multiplication in experimentally inoculated pigs.

An infection experiment was carried out on pigs with swine vesicular disease virus isolated from healthy pigs (SVDV-H). Inoculation was done by two routes, intradermal in the coronary band of the foot and oral. Observation was made on the formation of vesicles and their spread, the virus contents of serum, swab of the oral cavity, and feces, the vicissitude of neutralizing antibody titers, and the distribution of virus in the body. From its results the pathogenicity of virus was judged. In the pigs inoculated intradermally there was a difference in the extension of the area involved in vesicular formation between any two strains of virus. That is, vesicular formation was restricted to the site of inoculation, involved the site of inoculation and the sole of the hoof, or spread over the oral and nasal regions. In every pig, however, vesicles developed only for 2 approximately 5 days after inoculation. After that, repair progressed rapidly. Some strains caused viremia, which was mild. The virus was detected from the site of vesicular formation, but not from any organ. Neutralizing antibody began to be detected 3 days after inoculation. Its titer reached a plateau about 10 days later. In the pigs inoculated perorally, no vesicles were formed. The virus was only detected from the tonsils and the intestinal contents. These findings made it clear that SVDV-H was less pathogenic than swine vesicular disease virus isolated from diseased pigs.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Antibody estimation by indirect complement fixation test for foot-and-mouth disease in cattle.

Antibody against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus was measured by the indirect complement fixation (ICF) test. For this test serum samples were collected from cattle experimentally infected with FMD virus of O, A and Asia 1 types, as well as cattle infected in the field. Two types of antigen were used. One was antigen derived from infected lingual epithelial culture prepared by Frenkel's method with each type of the virus. The other was antigen derived from the lingual epithelium of cattle infected by virus inoculation. ICF antibody began to be dectected about 4 5 days after inoculation. It reached a maximum titer 10 14 days after inoculation, remaining at this titer for about a week or two, and then decreased gradually. It was, however, detectable even 63 days after inoculation. The rise and fall of ICF antibody was parallel with that of neutralizing antibody, although that antibody was always lower in titer than this. ICF antibody was detected type-specifically from cattle infected experimentally and naturally. These results indicated that the ICF test was available for the routine serological diagnosis and epizootiological investigation and research.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Outbreaks of swine vesicular disease in japan: virus isolation and epizootiological survey.

Outbreaks of a vesicular disease occurred among pigs in Kanagawa and Ibaraki Prefectures in Japan in November, 1973. Another outbreak was observed in Aichi Prefecture in December. The clinical signs of the disease observed included fever and vesicular lesions on the coronary bands, bulbs of the heel and in the interdigital spaces. In some pigs, vesicular lesions were observed on the snout, tongue and skin overlying the legs and abdomen. All the vesicular samples produced cytopathic changes on cultures of primary swine kidney cells of PK-15 cells. Three isolates of cytopathic agents tested were identified as swine vesicular disease virus from their physicochemical properties and antigenicity. The virus strains isolated from vesicular epithelial samples obtained from Ibaraki, Kanagawa and Aichi Prefectures were designated as Japan/Ibaraki/1/73, Japan/Kanagawa/1/73 and Japan/Aichi/1/73 strain, respectively. An outbreak of the disease among pigs due to swine vesicular disease virus was confirmed by the serum neutralization test with serum samples collected from pigs on affected farms. Approximately 80% of the pigs housed in affected shed showed high levels of neutralizing antibody titers. This is the first to report an occurrence of swine vesicular disease among pigs in Japan.

Animals↗
PubMed1970

Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus antibodies. I. "Passive" hemagglutination test.

A passive hemagglutination test has been developed to detect and measure foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) antibody by using glutaraldehyde as a coupling reagent. An optimal concentration of 10 to 40 mug of virus per ml with 0.25% glutaraldehyde at 25 C for 1 hr was established for the sensitization of sheep erythrocytes. A reaction time of 18 hr at 4 C or 2 hr at 37 C induced good agglutination in the presence of specific antibody. Sensitization was carried out in phosphate buffer, whereas agglutination and preadsorption of nonspecific agglutinins from sera were performed in gelatin (0.1%, w/v)-stabilized, phosphate-buffered saline. An optimal pH of 7.2 was also established for all reactions. Antibodies derived from guinea pigs hyperimmunized by infecting with FMDV, types A, O, and C were both virus-and type-specific. Preliminary experiments showed that strain A-119 and strain A-24 Cruzeiro could also be distinguished by hemagglutination. Parallel hemagglutination and complement-fixation tests showed the former to be two to four times more sensitive than the latter.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1968

[Progesterone].

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Adipose Tissue↗