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Biomedical subjects

G Toda

Publications and source records attributed to G Toda.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Poliovirus infection of established human blood cell lines: relationship between the differentiation stage and susceptibility of cell killing.

The replication of type 1 poliovirus in 13 established human blood cell lines differing in the differentiation stage and cell lineage was investigated. Three T (CCRF-CEM, CCRF-HSB-2, and Molt-3) and three B (Raji, CCRF-SB, and RPMI 8226) cell lines showed no cytopathic effects (CPE) or virus production. CPE associated with virus production were detected in the other seven cell lines: HL-60, ML-1, and KG-1 (granulocytic lineage), U-937 and THP-1 (monocytic lineage), K-562 (erythroid lineage), and Molt-4 (T cell lineage). These susceptible cell lines greatly differed in the speed at which the CPE progressed. The progression of CPE was faster in relatively well-differentiated cell lines such as HL-60 and U-937, independently of the multiplicity of infection, than in less differentiated cell lines such as K-562, KG-1, and THP-1. Thus, for the same lineage, the speed at which CPE progressed became proportionally higher with subsequent differentiation stages. In the K-562 cell culture, CPE were not observed until at least 5 days postinfection (p.i.), while more than 80% of HL-60 cells were killed within 3 days p.i. There were no significant differences between infected HL-60 and K-562 cells in the efficiency of infection determined at 8 hr p.i. by the indirect immunofluorescent technique, the rate of virus growth, or the amount of viral capsid protein synthesized. This indicated that there were similar viral replication cycles in the two cell lines. These observations suggest that the killing function of the virus is expressed more slowly in K-562 cells than in HL-60 cells.

Blood Cells↗
PubMed1986

Hemodiafiltration treatment of deep hepatic coma by protein passing membrane: case report.

Based on the assumption that middle molecules that induce hepatic coma occur in the plasma of patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), the authors have developed a hemodiafiltration (HDF) method using a large-pore poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) membrane that allows proteins to pass through. PMMA HDF resulted in complete recovery of deep coma and long-term survival in a patient with severe FHF. Although a large-scale controlled trial is needed, PMMA HDF is believed to be promising as a future artificial liver support.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Abnormal high density lipoprotein of primary biliary cirrhosis analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography.

The lipoprotein profile of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) has been assessed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Without exception, all subjects with PBC had an abnormal high density lipoprotein (HDL), which was larger than normal HDL. The elution time from an HPLC column of the abnormal HDL separated it clearly from normal HDL. The HDL of subjects with asymptomatic and symptomatic PBC could also be distinguished. The HDL of asymptomatic subjects was eluted between that of normal and symptomatic subjects. The lipid and protein composition of abnormal HDL was characterized by an increase in phospholipid and a decrease in protein, resulting in an increase in the ratio of phospholipid/protein. This ratio was higher in symptomatic than in asymptomatic PBC. Incubation of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine liposomes with normal serum resulted in the formation of an altered high density lipoprotein. These findings suggest that an overload of phospholipid may play a role in the formation of the abnormal HDL in primary biliary cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Partial purification of the apolipoprotein E receptor of rat liver membrane.

The liver has two distinct lipoprotein receptors; one is the apolipoprotein (apo) B, E receptor and the other the apo-E receptor. In this study, the protein to which apo-E HDLc (cholesterol-induced high density lipoprotein containing apo-E as the predominant protein species) bound specifically was partially purified from the rat liver membrane by ion exchange chromatography and preparative gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the protein was estimated to be about 36K daltons and the protein bound to 125I-apo-E HDLc in a specific and saturable manner, suggesting that the protein is the apo-E receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Hypomethylation of c-myc and epidermal growth factor receptor genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma and fetal liver.

The methylation state of cellular oncogenes (c-oncs) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor gene from human liver tissues was examined by means of restriction endonuclease analysis. c-myc and EGF receptor gene from hepatocellular carcinoma and fetal liver were substantially hypomethylated in comparison with those genes from normal liver, while the extents of methylation of c-mos and c-Ki-ras genes were the same among these tissues. It can be speculated that the specific hypomethylation of c-myc and EGF receptor genes may be associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1983

Liver cell membrane antibody detected by protein A and isolated rabbit liver plasma membrane in sera of patients with chronic liver diseases.

Using the plasma membrane fraction isolated from rabbit liver (RLPM), we detected non-species specific IgG antibody against liver cell surface membrane in the sera from the patients with chronic liver diseases. The sea were treated with dithiothreitol and iodoacetamide, and absorbed with sufficient amount of actin isolated from rabbit striated muscles. The antibody was detected by incubation of RLPM with the treated and absorbed sera and subsequent determination of IgG bound to RLPM by 125I-staphylococcal protein A. It was found mainly in the patients with autoimmune hepatitis (12 of 28) and liver cirrhosis (eight of 24). It occurred more frequently in HBsAg negative liver cirrhosis than in HBsAg positive forms (six of 13 vs two of 11). The frequency of the antibody was low in chronic hepatitis except autoimmune hepatitis, and primary biliary cirrhosis. Thus the antibody against RLPM was an immunological marker of autoimmune hepatitis and HBsAg negative liver cirrhosis. The occurrence did not correlate with those of anti-smooth muscle antibody, anti-nuclear antibody and anti-mitochondrial antibody. In two cases of autoimmune hepatitis, the antibody against RLPM decreased with clinical improvement induced by corticosteroids.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1980

Mechanism of elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase activity in biliary obstruction: an experimental study.

Bile duct ligation in rats increased alkaline phosphatase activity in serum and liver. In the serum, the activity reached a peak 24 h after bile duct ligation, earlier than in the liver. This finding indicates that the elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase activity is not due to simple overspill of this enzyme from the liver into the circulation. An electrophoretic study, employing polyacrylamide gel with Triton X-100, and a gel filtration study disclosed that 24 h after bile duct ligation the serum contained a high molecular weight form of alkaline phosphatase in addition to the hepatic and intestinal isoenzymes. The high molecular weight form was also found in bile, indicating that regurgitation of bile contributed to the increase in alkaline phosphatase activity in the serum. The absence of the high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase in the sera of rats with intrahepatic cholestasis induced by alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate suggests that, in this type of cholestasis, regurgitation of bile alkaline phosphatase does not play an important role in the elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase activity. These findings indicate that the high molecular weight alkaline phosphatase in serum is a useful diagnostic marker of biliary obstruction.

1-Naphthylisothiocyanate↗
PubMed1980

Electron microscopic studies on hepatic alkaline phosphatase in experimentally induced biliary obstruction of the rat.

The alterations of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in the rat liver following bile duct ligation were investigated by electron microscopical techniques. Serum ALP activity reached the maximum at 24 hours after ligation and two isozymes of ALP, high molecular and low molecular one, appeared in the serum. Bile canaliculi became dilated at 48 hours after ligation and the microvilli were destructed and diminished in number. ALP activity was observed almost only on the bile canalicular membrane of the liver cells in the control. On the other hand, in the bile duct-ligated rat, the ALP activity on the canalicular membrane was markedly increased initially, then it appeared on the lateral membrane, and finally on the sinusoidal membrane also. It was not stainable on the canalicular membranes which lacked microvilli. The proposed pathway through which hepatic ALP enters the blood stream in bile duct-ligated rats is as follows: ALP, being synthesized in the microsomes of hepatocytes, is initially transferred to the bile canalicular membrane and diffused to lateral membrane through tight junction, reaches to sinusoidal membrane then released into the blood stream.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

Infantile papular acrodermatitis (Gianotti's disease) and intrafamilial occurence of acute hepatitis B with jaundice: age dependency of clinical manifestations of hepatitis B virus infection.

Infantile papular acrodermatitis (IPA, Gianotti's disease) is a clinical manifestation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in childhood. An epidemic of of IPA occurred in Matsuyama, Japan, where 153 patients in a pediatric clinic had IPA between October 1974 and March 1977. In this period 12 mothers and two fathers of patients contracted acute hepatitis B with overt jaundice three to 14 months after their offspring had IPA. Analysis of the subtype of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the infants and their jaundiced mothers and/or fathers disclosed that HBV was transmitted from the infants. All of the index cases were one year old or younger, although the age of patients with IPA ranged from three months to 10 years. In approximately 40% of patients with IPA who were one year old or younger, HBs antigenemia persisted for one year. These facts suggested that the contraction of IPA in children, especially those one year old or younger, was an important route toward establishment of the carrier state of HBV which maintains the reservoir of this virus in the community.

Acrodermatitis↗