Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to G Thompson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Phase I trial and pharmacokinetic study of intravenous and oral alpha-difluoromethylornithine.

Eflornithine-HCl (alpha-difluoromethylornithine or DFMO), an irreversible inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, blocks polyamine synthesis and has demonstrated antitumor activity in cell culture and animal tumor models. This phase I study was designed to determine and compare toxicity and the maximally tolerated dose of a 4-day course of DFMO given to patients in oral, continuous intravenous infusion or pulse intravenous infusion forms. Twenty-four patients were entered into this study: 8 received intravenous pulse drug, 10 intravenous continuous infusion of drug, and 6 oral DFMO. The most frequent toxicity was nausea and vomiting which occurred in 9 courses of oral drug. Only two patients receiving intravenous DFMO had nausea and vomiting. Clinically significant thrombocytopenia and audiometric abnormalities were not encountered in contrast to previous experience with 28-day courses of oral DFMO. The maximally tolerated dose of a four-day course of oral DFMO was 3.75 gm/M2 every 6 hours. The maximally tolerated dose of intravenous pulse and continuous infusion DFMO was not attained. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that the intravenous schedules achieved higher plasma levels of DFMO than those previously obtained with chronic oral dosing.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of Quantum II microbiology system for identification of gram-negative bacteria of veterinary origin.

The ability of a rapid, semiautomated bacterial identification system, the Quantum II microbiology system (Abbott Laboratories, Irving, Tex.), to accurately identify gram-negative bacteria from veterinary sources was evaluated. A total of 378 isolates were tested, including 298 organisms in the family Enterobacteriaceae and strains representing Acinetobacter sp., Aeromonas sp., Flavobacterium sp., Pasteurella multocida, Plesiomonas sp., and Pseudomonas spp. Of these isolates, 333 (88.1%) were correctly identified, 20 (5.3%) were not identified, 10 (2.6%) were incorrectly identified at the genus level, and 15 (4.0%) were incorrectly identified at the species level. The Quantum II system correctly identified 268 (89.9%) of the isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and 65 (81.3%) of the nonenteric isolates. P. multocida was not identified correctly, and some nonenteric gram-negative bacteria of clinical significance in veterinary medicine are not included in the data base. The Quantum II system provided an accurate identification system for isolates of Enterobacteriaceae but had limited usefulness for the identification of other gram-negative bacteria of clinical significance in veterinary medicine.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Auditory brainstem responses in young adults with Down syndrome.

Auditory brainstem response (ABR) wave V detection levels, latency, and amplitude were studied in a group of 15 young adults with Down syndrome for whom behavioral measures of hearing sensitivity were also obtained. Comparisons were made to a group of nonretarded control subjects matched by age and sex. Auditory brainstem response detection levels were elevated, response amplitude was reduced, and latency-intensity functions were significantly steeper for the subjects with Down syndrome than for the control group. These findings were associated with a high frequency (8000 Hz) hearing loss prevalent in the otherwise normal-hearing experimental group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

A comparative study of cefotetan and metronidazole against metronidazole alone to prevent infection after appendectomy.

The role of metronidazole in reducing the incidence of infectious complications after appendectomy has been established, but the value of an additional antibiotic to act against aerobic pathogens remains controversial. Patients who received 2 grams of cefotetan intravenously at the time of appendectomy and those who did not were compared for the incidence of infection. All patients received 1 gram of metronidazole per rectum preoperatively and every 12 hours for five days postoperatively. Infection occurred in three patients who received cefotetan and 16 of those who did not (p less than 0.01). We conclude that a single dose of cefotetan, an antibiotic which is effective against aerobic and anaerobic organisms, produces a significant reduction in the incidence of infection when added to metronidazole in the management of patients after appendectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Assessment of non-mydriatic fundus photography in detection of diabetic retinopathy.

Non-mydriatic retinal photography with later interpretation of the photographs was assessed as a screening method for the detection of diabetic retinopathy; when compared with an ophthalmologist's clinical assessment in a random group of 62 diabetic patients it was accurate (false negative 6.8%, false positive 2%) and sensitive (sensitivity 96%, specificity 98%). The assessment of further management required based on analysis of the photographs was 96.5% in agreement with the further management suggested by the ophthalmologist after direct clinical assessment of the patient. If this technique were used to screen patients in a typical diabetic clinic the predicted positive accuracy rate would be 84% and the predicted negative accuracy rate 99.5%.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMed1986

Differential effects of ketamine isomers on neuronal and extraneuronal catecholamine uptake mechanisms.

Contractile responses of isolated rabbit aortic strips to epinephrine and norepinephrine were potentiated in a dose-related manner by (+) ketamine but not by (-) ketamine (1.1 X 10(-5) M - 3.7 X 10(-4) M). Potentiation was blocked completely by pretreatment with the extraneuronal uptake inhibitor cortisol (83-138 microM) but was unaffected by the neuronal uptake inhibitor cocaine (29 microM). Responses of the rat anococcygeus muscle to these catecholamines were potentiated by both isomers, with (+) ketamine being more potent than its optical antipode. These effects were blocked completely in tissues from 6-hydroxydopamine sympathectomized animals. Results suggest that inhibition of extraneuronal uptake of catecholamines by racemic ketamine is due solely to an action of the (+) isomer, whereas both isomers appear capable of inhibiting neuronal uptake.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Agricultural development and emigration: rhetoric and reality.

"The untested premise of trade liberalizing U.S. development programs such as the Caribbean Basin Initiative is that commodity trade can substitute for international labor migration. Analysis of U.S. tomato producing regions in Sinaloa, Mexico and Florida suggests that the effect of trade liberalization on international labor migration is uncertain." The emphasis is on how such development projects might affect the flow of illegal migrants to the United States.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1986

Comparison of endoscopy and barium swallow with marshmallow in dysphagia.

Forty-four patients with dysphagia were examined both by endoscopy and by barium swallow with a marshmallow bolus. In these patients 36 stenoses were found: 34 by radiology and 30 by endoscopy. The radiologic criteria for stenosis included arrest of the marshmallow in a manner to support a column of barium and reproduction of the patient's symptoms at the time this occurred. Radiologic false negative findings were partly due to an inability by patients to swallow an adequate marshmallow bolus; endoscopic failures were associated with small endoscopes and mild stenoses.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1985

Response strength of young children in operant audiometry.

An operant conditioning discrimination paradigm was evaluated in terms of relationships between response behavior of young children and two stimulus components of the paradigm, the discriminative stimulus (DS) and the reinforcing stimulus (RS). Experiment I measured response performance in normal 1-year-old subjects as a function of differences in intensity and/or complexity among three DSs. Results showed no significant differences in conditioning rate, habituation, or consistency of the conditioned response relative to variable properties of the DS. Experiment II examined response performance of normal 2-year-old children as a function of two modifications in the RS, reinforcement schedule and reinforcement novelty. Subjects reinforced on a variable-ratio schedule of intermittent reinforcement and subjects reinforced on a 100% schedule demonstrated equivalent response habituation and consistency. In the second part of the experiment, subjects receiving novel RSs showed significantly greater response recovery than subjects reinforced with familiar RSs. Comparison of normal 1- and 2-year-old children revealed similar rates of conditioning and response consistency. However, 2-year-olds habituated more rapidly than 1-year-olds.

Acoustic Stimulation↗