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Biomedical subjects

G Sufrin

Publications and source records attributed to G Sufrin.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Hormones in renal cancer.

Plasma renin, erythropoietin and chorionic gonadotropin levels were evaluated in 57 patients with renal adenocarcinoma. Renin elevation, found in 37 per cent, was unrelated to blood pressure levels but was associated with high grade, high stage lesions of mixed histologic cell type and predicted a poor prognosis. Erythropoietin was raised in 63 per cent of patients and was more sensitive than renin in indicating the presence of renal adenocarcinoma. However, it was less specific and did not correlate directly with tumor grade, stage, histologic type, prognosis or hematocrit and hemoglobin levels. None of the patients had elevated chorionic gonadotropin levels. Therefore, we believe that renin and erythropoietin determinations may be of value as biochemical tumor markers in renal adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

The effect of radiation on prostatic growth.

Radiation is increasingly important in the treatment of prostatic carcinoma. The effect and mechanism of action of radiation on prostatic growth was studied using the ventral prostate of the testosterone-treated rat. Prostatic radiation blocked testosterone-stimulated prostatic growth. Electron microscopy showed this inhibition to be associated with specific morphologic alterations. While radiation caused profound inhibition of prostatic DNA synthesis, only modest effects on nuclear uptake of dihydrotestosterone and on prostatic 5alpha-reductase were observed. Based on these animal studies, it is concluded that a major mechanism whereby radiation blocks testosterone-stimulated prostatic growth operates through inhibition of DNA synthesis.

3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1976

Flutamide. Mechanism of action of a new nonsteroidal antiandrogen.

Flutamide is a new nonsteroidal antiandrogen useful in the treatment of prostatic carcinoma. The mechanism of action of this compound was investigated using the sex accessory tissue of the male rat. Flutamide was found to block the action of both endogenous and exogenous testosterone and, in addition, to be a potent inhibitor of testosterone-stimulated prostatic DNA synthesis. Moreover, it is capable of inhibiting prostatic nuclear uptake of androgen. Electron microscopic observations further confirm the antiandrogenic properties of flutamide.

Anilides↗
PubMed1975

Hypernephroma arising in wall of simple renal cyst.

An unusual case of hypernephroma arising from the wall of a simple renal cyst is presented. Despite prior controversy as to the existence of this entity continuity between normal and neoplastic cells lining the cyst wall was demonstrated thus confirming this lesion as a distinct entity. Furthermore, we wish to direct attention to the limitations of biochemical and cytologic analysis of renal cyst fluid in distinguishing benign and neoplastic lesions.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

The Page kidney: a correctable form of arterial hypertension.

The Page kidney is a remediable form of renal hypertension. It is usually seen in young male patients with an antecedent history of blunt renal trauma, followed by a subcapsular or perirenal hematoma causing compression of the renal parenchyma and hypertension. Radiographic studies demonstrate the presence of an extrinsic mass compressing the kidney. Divided function studies and renal vein renin determinations confirm the functional significance of this process in the etiology of hypertension. Treatment may initially consist of observation. However, if hypertension persists then decortication and evacuation of the encysted fluid are indicated. In long-standing cases, although nephrectomy may be necessary, the chance of relieving hypertension is excellent.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1975

Differences in the mechanism of action of medrogestone and cyproterone acetate.

In the intact adult rat, medrogestone was found to be effective in causing the involution of the prostate and seminal vesicle. Medrogestone, however, does not function through an antiandrogenic action. In the castrate animal medrogestone was unable to block the stimulating action of exogenous testosterone on the sex accessory organs as shown by effects on tissue weight and DNA synthesis. In addition, medrogestone was unable to block the uptake of labeled androgen into prostatic nuclei. The effectiveness of medrogestone on sex accessory tissue may be accounted for by its ability to lower plasma testosterone levels. This is achieved by inhibiting testosterone biosynthesis. The action of medrogestone was compared to that of cyproterone acetate and it was concluded that these drugs inhibit prostatic growth through two different mechanisms.

Androgens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drinking water, fluid intake, and bladder cancer in western New York.

Fluid intake and consumption of specific beverages were investigated in a study of 351 white male cases for whom transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder had been confirmed histologically during the time period from 1979 to 1985. A total of 855 white male controls was selected from Erie, Niagara, and Monroe counties of western New York state. Total fluid consumption was composed of alcoholic beverages, bottled beverages, soda, milk, coffee, tea, all juices, and glasses of tap water. Tap water included coffee, tea, juices, and glasses of water taken directly from the tap. Total fluid consumption was found to be a strong risk factor for bladder cancer when a number of potential confounding risk factors were controlled for. Risks were higher among those who were less than 65 y of age (odds ratio [OR] = 6.3, 95% C.I. = 2.8-14.0). The OR was 3.4 (95% C.I. = 1.8-6.2) for the highest quartile of fluid consumption among those 65 y of age and older. The tap water component was associated with increased risk in both age categories, and there was a clear dose-response relationship. Risks associated with tap water consumption were higher among those who never smoked cigarettes. Both biological and nonbiological explanations for these results are evaluated. The findings suggest implications for public health, but the limitations of the present investigation preclude definitive conclusions and stress the urgency for replication.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Some new approaches to potential test systems for drugs against prostatic cancer.

We have previously reported on test systems, based on 5alpha-reductase (5alpha-RA) and arginase activities and steroid deposition in animal prostates, potentially useful in screening drugs possibly effective in cancer of the prostate. Recently, we have concentrated on the development of other in vivo and in vitro systems which may prove of further value in testing such drugs. These systems include the following: (a) The effects of drugs on 5alpha-RA activity in human and animal non-malignant and human cancerous prostatic tissues in organ culture. The parameters necessary for the maintenance of optimal 5alpha-RA in such explants have been determined, and it has been shown that certain agents (estramustine phosphate, progesterone, estradiol-17beta) can inhibit 5alpha-RA under in vitro conditions, pointing to the potential use of such an approach in screening various cytostatic agents. In addition, 65Zn deposition, the histology, and the androgen metabolism in such tissues in organ culture are being determined as additional parameters. (b) The deposition of 65Zn in the rat dorsolateral gland, particularly as affected by prolactin and testosterone, and the effects of chemotherapeutic agents on such deposition. Methotrexate and CCNU have been shown to be potent inhibitors of 65Zn deposition in the dorsolateral gland. The parameters related to zinc metabolism in the prostate are being further investigated. (c) The demonstration of receptors for estrogens (estradiol-17beta, diethylstilbestrol) in the prostate of the baboon. The various parameters related to the specificity of such receptors have been established. The development and standardization of these approaches, some facets of which are reported in the present publication, may prove them to be more sensitive, specific, and optimal than other systems and should afford an opportunity to test various combinations of drugs potentially useful in cancer of the prostate with relative speed, efficacy, and ease of manipulation.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Culture of mammalian prostatic cells.

Preliminary experimental data and concepts oriented toward the achievement of certified primary prostatic cell cultures, normal and/or malignant, for mass distribution are presented. Such monolayer cultures would be established as subcultures from the microcarrier, spin-filter (steady-state) system. The suspension culture of primary cells directly derived from the tissue of origin would be propagated at high cell populations for extended periods of time. The ease of complete monitoring on a sequential basis for conformity to specifications is apparent. The feasibility of the approach appears to have been established. Problems relating to the reduction to practice are detailed.

Acid Phosphatase↗