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Biomedical subjects

G Stern

Publications and source records attributed to G Stern.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Neurological involvement in type 1 (adult) Gaucher's disease.

A case of type 1 (adult) Gaucher's disease with a late onset tapeto-retinal degeneration and an initially dopamine responsive extrapyramidal syndrome is described. The literature reporting neurological involvement in type 1 Gaucher's disease is reviewed, and it is concluded that the absence of symptoms and signs of nervous system involvement cannot be used as the sole basis for the classification of this type of Gaucher's disease.

Basal Ganglia Diseases↗
PubMed1984

Quantitative adherence of bacteria to human corneal epithelial cells.

An in vitro assay was used to quantitatively determine the ability of a variety of bacteria to adhere to human corneal epithelial cells. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found to adhere to corneal epithelium significantly better than other species that were tested. However, there was considerable variability in the adherence of individual strains of these bacterial species. The results of this study support the hypothesis that the frequency with which certain species of bacteria cause bacterial corneal ulceration may be related to the ability of those organisms to adhere to corneal epithelium. In addition, differences in pathogenicity between strains of a given species may be related to the variability of adherence within a species.

Bacterial Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1983

Multi-disciplinary perspectives on post-partum depression: an anthropological critique.

One negative outcome of the post-partum period is the occurrence of post-partum depression. While the incidence levels are high in the U.S. for the 'Blues' and the 'moderate level depression disorder', the nature of this phenomenon--as a disease and as an illness--remains unclear. It is suggested that an anthropological perspective incorporating symbolic behavior and biological processes may more effectively address the problem than isolated biological and psycho-social research. Theories of etiology based strictly in biological mechanisms have resulted in a treatment bias towards pharmacological intervention; this paper suggests that more attention should be given to the impact of the cultural patterning of the post-partum period, e.g. the structure, organization of the family group and role expectations. A review of the anthropological literature on childbirth provides little evidence for post-partum depression. Our own observations and an examination of the cross-cultural literature have identified common elements in the social structuring of the post-partum period. They include: (1) cultural patterning of a distinct post-partum period; (2) protective measures designed to reflect the vulnerability of the new mother; (3) social seclusion; (4) mandated rest; (5) assistance in tasks from relatives and/or midwife; (6) social recognition of new social status through rituals, gifts or other means. A hypothesis is proposed that a relationship exists between post-partum social organization/mobilization and post-partum depression. The experience of 'depression' in the U.S. may represent a culture bound syndrome resulting from the lack of social structuring of the post-partum events, social recognition of the role transition for the new mother and instrumental support and aid for the new mother.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
PubMed1979

Comparative trial of volunteer and professional treatments of dysphasia after stroke.

A study of the treatment of dysphasia after stroke compared the progress of two groups of disabled patients. One received conventional treatment from qualified speech therapists and the other from non-professional volunteers. Methods of assessing communication difficulties were also compared and the impact of aphasic illness on families examined. No important differences in the results of treatment were seen between the two groups. The volunteers, however, often had to assume some of the responsibilities of social workers, and transport to hospital created practical and economic problems. It is concluded that the two forms of treatment provide essentially the same benefit, although doubt must still remain because relatively few patients were studied.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Idoxuridine and bacterial corneal infection.

Corneas of 20 rabbits were treated with idoxuridine or a bland ointment before and after their inoculation with Staphylococcus aureus. The rabbit corneas treated with idoxuridine had a significantly more severe keratitis and yielded significantly greater numbers of S. aureus on culture than the rabbit corneas treated with the bland ointment.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Transhepatic cholangiography: the radiological method of choice in suspected obstructive jaundice.

Twenty-five patients with severe jaundice were studied prospectively with computed tomography (CT), gray-scale ultrasonography (USG), and percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (THC). Nineteen had obstruction of the biliary tree. The differentiation of obstructive from hepatic parenchymal causes of jaundice was 72% accurate with USG, 92% with CT, and 96% with THC. Biochemical studies when used alone were 72% accurate. Although the precise location of an obstructing lesion was determined in 12/19 cases by CT and 9/19 by USG, the cause was established in only 5 by CT and 7 by USG. THC was 100% successful in establishing both cause and site of obstructive jaundice without significant complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Oscillations in performance in levodopa-treated parkinsonians: treatment with bromocriptine and L-deprenyl.

Fluctuations in performance in levodopa-treated Parkinsonians pose frequent and difficult problems of managment. Controlled trials with two recently introduced drugs, bromocriptine and L-deprenyl, have been performed in an attempt to clarify their use in Parkinsonian oscillations. Bromocriptine, partially substituted for levodopa, was helpful in 4 of 6 patients with early morning dystonia, but did not benefit 9 patients with end-of-dose deterioration and 5 patients with "on-off changes. L-Deprenyl 10mg daily gave substantial benefit to 19 of 39 patients with end-of-dose deterioration, but to only 1 of 10 patients with "on-off' phenomena. Neither L-deprenyl nor bromocriptine helped patients disabled by freezing episodes or levodopa-induced involuntary movements.

Bromocriptine↗
PubMed1978

[The effectiveness of open and closed groups].

Studies of four closed and four open groups of patients participating in psychotherapy, which were conducted in a psychotherapeutic inpatient department using pre- and post-test diagnoses (the test used being the MMPI, FPI, Q-Sort, and Giessen tests), showed that these were not different as regards the frequency of statistically evident changes recorded upon the completion of psychotherapy. The authors also discuss the advantages and disadvantages of open and closed groups, with particular consideration being given to organizational aspects.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[History of psychotherapy in Russia and the Soviet Union].

Previously, articles on and contributions to the history of psychotherapy proceeded on the assumption that the most essential sources were to be found in Anglo-Saxon and German literature. Developments in other civilizations were usually treated as undeserving of consideration. It is important to note that a large amount of specialized literature on psychotherapy has been published in the Soviet Union, and this shows that a great importance is attached in that country to the treatment of nervous and mental disorders by psychological methods. A review of the writings of S. S. Korsakov and V. M. Bekhterev shows that the essential principles of group psychotherapy had been recognized by those authors already in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, respectively. Results achieved by Makarenko appear valuable in the light of what we know today. The method of "collective psychotherapy", which was first described by Libch, is discussed in detail. This method is being widely used in the Soviet Union. The concern of this paper is to describe developments which have not so far been covered in our literature, thus attempting to make an addition to psychotherapeutic activity in this country.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1976

Phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis: echographic diagnosis of phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis.

A sixty-year-old black diabetic female developed a severe postoperative endophthalmitis eight days after unplanned extracapsular cataract surgery. Gram stain of a diagnostic vitreous aspirate showed no organisms, and culture of the aspirate was negative for bacteria and fungi. A- and B-scan ultrasonography showed the presence of intra-vitreal lens fragments; the diagnosis of phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis was made and intensive steroid therapy was instituted early in the course of the disease. Resorption of the lens fragments in association with gradual diminution of the inflammatory process was documented by serial echograms of the eye. The vitreous ultimately cleared and the patient regained useful vision. Ultrasonography is recommended as an essential part of the diagnostic evaluation of any patient with postoperative endophthalmitis especially with a history of extracapsular surgery.

Anaphylaxis↗