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Biomedical subjects

G Stanek

Publications and source records attributed to G Stanek.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Reactivity of European and American isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi with different monoclonal antibodies by means of a microimmunoblot technique.

Ten European and 3 North American isolates of Borrelia burgdorferi were compared as to their reactivity with 9 mouse monoclonal antibodies (MMA) to the type strain B. burgdorferi B31, and 1 MMA directed against B. hermsii. A Treponema pallidum strain was used for a genus-specific control. Differences in the protein patterns of the European and the North American strains were mostly based on the absence of distinct OspA and OspB bands. The OspA MMAs H 5332 and H 3TS were reactive with 3 European and the 3 North American strains. H 5332 alone reacted with another 3 strains from Europe, the remaining 4 were not recognized by one of the OspA MMAs. OspB MMAs showed reactivity with 3 European and the 3 North American strains. Of the flagella antibodies MMA H 9724 and H 604 reacted with all strains, whereas H 6TS reacted just with 2 each of the European and North American strains. There was no reactivity at all with the B. hermsii monoclonal H 9E11. No MMA reacted with the T. pallidum strain. According to a proposal for a serotyping system based upon major surface proteins of B. burgdorferi by A. G. Barbour, 6 of the strains investigated belong to serotype I, 3 to serotype II, and 4 to serotype III. Reactivity with 4 MMAs to OspB allowed to establish 5 subtypes. The geographical origin of the strains seems to be in relation with respective subtypes, an observation which needs to be substantiated for a larger group of strains. The microimmunoblot technique proved to be a useful tool which saves material and time and yields reproducible results.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Discrimination between antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 in sera from northern Zaire.

136 selected sera from Northern Zaire were screened for antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2 using the ELISA method. Reactive sera were confirmed with commercially available Western Blots and additional tests. A data base was used for evaluation of the results. The sera were collected in the town Isiro and in remote rural areas. 36 sera were reactive in the HIV-1 ELISA (ELAVIA-1), 19 of them were confirmed in the HIV-1 Western Blot (Biorad). 21 sera were reactive in the HIV-2 ELISA, but they were not confirmed as HIV-2-specific in three HIV-2 Western Blots (Diagnostics Pasteur, Biorad, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut).

Blotting, Western↗
PubMed1989

Molecular mimicry and Lyme borreliosis: a shared antigenic determinant between Borrelia burgdorferi and human tissue.

The pathogenesis of chronic manifestations in Lyme borreliosis, a disease induced by Borrelia burgdorferi, is at present unresolved. By testing monoclonal antibodies directed against various borrelia antigens, we found an antigenic determinant shared by the 41 kDa flagella protein and human tissue, especially prominent on myelinated fibers of human peripheral nerve, on nerve cells and axons of the central nervous system, as well as on certain epithelial cells (including joint synovia) and on heart muscle cells. Immune reactions against such a shared antigen could play a pathogenetic role in chronic organ manifestations of Lyme borreliosis.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

Lyme borreliosis in children. A controlled clinical study based on ELISA values.

A total of 27 children with clinical symptoms indicative of Lyme borreliosis are described, 21 of which were seropositive. CNS symptoms were found in 17 of the seropositive children (81%). Of these 21, 7 were CSF negative. Another 3 (with Bell's palsy and/or aseptic meningitis) were initially CSF negative but developed specific CSF titres 80, 65 and 120 days after the first lumbar puncture, respectively. Thus, seropositive children with aseptic meningitis and without initial signs of an infectious aetiology should be checked for a neuroborreliosis even when CSF negative in the first lumbar puncture. Antibiotic therapy undertaken in 26 children showed clinical recovery (Sodium penicillin, 300,000-500,000 units/kg per day for 14 days). One developed residual hypoacusis. Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) IgG values from 27 cases with those of 30 healthy controls showed that elevated ELISA titres are a good indication of the disease. However, Lyme borreliosis can only be diagnosed correctly if the clinical symptoms conform with specific titres.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Evidence for spirochetal origin of Sudeck's atrophy (algodystrophy, reflex sympathetic dystrophy).

Four female patients with Sudeck's atrophy (SA) were evaluated at our department. Sera of all patients were investigated for antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi. In all patients elevated IgG antibody titers and in one patient also elevated IgM titer were found. In one patient structures identical with B. burgdorferi could be detected on histological sections from the skin of the affected limb. Our data and those of other authors suggest that a spirochetal infection can be regarded as an important etiopathogenetic factor in the development of SA.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Bacterial contamination of dialysate in dialysis-associated endotoxaemia.

Bacteriological investigations and endotoxin (ET) determinations were performed during a routine haemodialysis session for six patients. The glucose free dialysate was prepared with untreated tap water. All patients were dialysed for 5 h. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was regularly isolated in numbers up to 10(7) cfu ml-1 from samples of the dialysate inflow, the dialysate site and the dialysate outflow. ET levels in the plasma of the patients increased continuously during haemodialysis and were always higher in the blood outflow line of the dialyzer than in the blood inflow. Despite the high bacterial counts in the dialysate and the increasing ET levels in the patients plasma neither bacteraemia nor fever was observed. The former is due to the impermeability of the dialyzer membrane for bacteria, the latter is explained by low pyrogenicity of P. aeruginosa endotoxin. Inspection of the dialyzer machines revealed that air-traps and heater-unit for the incoming (untreated) tap water before mixing with the dialysate concentrate were the only sites where high bacterial release was feasible, as this part of the machine escaped disinfection due to the construction of these devices. We recommend the regular disinfection of all parts of a dialyzer machine, including heating units, air traps and valves.

Dialysis Solutions↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of different antigen preparations in an evaluation of the immune response to Campylobacter pylori.

This study presents a novel approach to the analysis of protein antigens of Campylobacter pylori for use in serology. Protein fractions of this bacterium were resolved in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, eluted from gel strips in an electric field and used for coating of microtiter plates in an ELISA-type assay run with a small set of sera from both infected and non-infected patients. Reactivity and discriminative power of the different fractionated antigens (1-9) and crude antigen preparations (A-C) were compared. Better discrimination was achieved between positive and negative sera with high molecular weight fractionated preparations (antigens 8 and 9) than with low molecular weight fractions. Among the crude antigen preparations, antigens A (sonicated whole cells) and C (ultracentrifugated sonicate) seem to have a better discriminative power than antigen B (acid glycin extract).

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy of coumermycin, ofloxacin and vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in experimental infections of mice.

In vitro, coumermycin (a bis-hydroxicoumarin gyrase inhibitor) proved significantly more active than ofloxacin and vancomycin against 100 strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The MIC90 was 0.5 microgram/ml, whereas the corresponding figures for the other antimicrobials were 2.0 and 4.0 micrograms/ml. In vivo, an otherwise lethal septicemia, induced by intraperitoneal administration of a MRSA in mice, was "successfully treated" in 50% of the animals (ED50) with the following dosages (microgram/g b. wt.): coumermycin 0.9, ofloxacin 10.8, vancomycin 22.4. The ED50 of coumermycin was significantly (2 p less than 0.01) different from those of the other drugs. Renal infection as produced in mice by transcutaneous inoculation of the same MRSA was treated with either of the antimicrobials at different dosages (single doses of 0.0 or 1.6 or 6.3 or 25.0 micrograms/g b. wt., twice daily) during 6 days. The largest reductions of viable counts in the kidneys at each dosage as compared to the bacterial counts of untreated animals were achieved with coumermycin (3.4 or 5.5 or 7.7 log10). These reductions are significantly (2 p less than 0.01) different from those achieved with the comparable dosages of ofloxacin and vancomycin which were 0.1 or 1.8 or 2.8 and 0.4 or 1.4 or 3.0 log10 respectively. After a single subcutaneous injection of 250 micrograms mean concentrations in serum of mice for coumermycin were 6.2-5.0 micrograms/ml for 8 h, for ofloxacin 2.0-0.5 micrograms/ml for 2 h, and for vancomycin 14.7-2.5 micrograms/ml for 2 h. Coumermycin and ofloxacin could be alternatives to vancomycin in the therapy of human infections due to MRSA.

Aminocoumarins↗
PubMed1988

Neuroborreliosis in morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus.

Nine cases of different types of morphea and two of lichen sclerosus et atrophicus were investigated for the presence of neurologic symptoms. The Borrelia origin of morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus was verified by the presence of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi and by the visualization of spirochetes on histologic sections by immunohistochemical methods. One patient had intrathecally synthesized IgG antibodies against B. burgdorferi that indicated intrathecal infection. A second patient had an elevated cell count and oligoclonal bands of unknown specificity in cerebrospinal fluid. In another patient a disturbance of the blood-brain barrier was detected. Seven patients had signs of peripheral neural involvement, mostly lesional dysesthesias. Our findings indicate frequent neural involvement in morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, suggesting the necessity of adequate antibiotic treatment in these diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in patients with relapsing/remitting form and chronic progressive form of multiple sclerosis.

Sera of 106 multiple sclerosis patients and 103 closely matched controls were examined for Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies. The prevalence rate in multiple sclerosis patients was 14.2%, in controls 25.2%. Overall prevalence was 20.1%. Mean IgG antibody level was insignificantly higher in controls than in multiple sclerosis patients. Patients with a chronic progressive course of multiple sclerosis had an insignificantly higher mean borrelia antibody level, when compared with those suffering from relapsing/remitting form of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The efficacy of antimicrobial treatment in Campylobacter pylori-associated gastritis and duodenal ulcer.

The efficacy of various antimicrobial and anti-ulcer agents on the elimination of Campylobacter pylori in duodenal ulcer patients was investigated. Ranitidine, cimetidine, pirenzepine, aluminium phosphate gel as well as combinations of H2-receptor antagonists or pirenzepine + penicillin V, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, phenyl-mercuryborate or rifampicin had no influence on C. pylori in vivo. Short term elimination of C. pylori was achieved in 3/15 patients treated with ranitidine + bacampicillin and in 1/5 treated with cimetidine + metronidazole. This elimination was accompanied by a significant reduction of polymorphonuclear infiltration of the antral mucosa. Development of bacterial resistance was observed in patients with additional quinolones, metronidazole and rifampicin but not in patients treated with betalactam antibiotics.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗