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Biomedical subjects

G Solders

Publications and source records attributed to G Solders.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Diphtheritic neuropathy, an analysis based on muscle and nerve biopsy and repeated neurophysiological and autonomic function tests.

A patient with diphtheritic neuropathy was investigated with repeated tests of parasympathetic and sympathetic vasomotor and sudomotor functions for one year after the onset of symptoms. Somatic nerve function was tested with nerve conduction studies and an index based on ten variables was used to follow the course of the neuropathy. Sural nerve and anterior tibial muscle biopsies were performed. A severe but shortlasting impairment of the parasympathetic vagal reflex arc was found. The recovery of this function paralleled the clinical course. Sympathetic functions were normal. The neurophysiological variables of somatic nerve function showed signs of a mainly demyelinating mixed sensory/motor neuropathy. The recovery of these variables was slow. The nerve and muscle biopsies demonstrated mild changes consistent with a mixed, demyelinating, non-inflammatory neuropathy.

Arousal↗
PubMed1988

HLA-DR-expressing cells and T-lymphocytes in sural nerve biopsies.

Thirty-five sural nerve biopsies were stained immunohistochemically for HLA-DR antigen. HLA-DR was expressed on nonmyelinating Schwann cells, macrophages, vascular endothelium, and perineurium. By means of double immunofluorescence staining the identity of the HLA-DR presenting structures was confirmed. HLA-DR expression was found in all biopsies and thus was not restricted to any particular type of neuropathy. The HLA-DR expression appeared to correlate with severity and activity of the neuropathy. HLA-DR-expressing macrophages wrapping myelinated fibers were prominent in primary demyelinating neuropathies. T-cells were found in 6 out of 15 nerves examined. Their presence correlated with moderate to strong HLA-DR expression of nonmyelinating Schwann cells, and they occurred during active disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Discomfort after fascicular sural nerve biopsy.

Sural nerve biopsy may, in selected cases, give valuable information in the investigation of patients with polyneuropathy. The prevalence and severity of patient discomfort after fascicular nerve biopsy was investigated in 67 patients by a mailed questionnaire. A lasting (greater than 6 months) significant discomfort was found in 6 patients (11%), in 3 of these the symptoms were graded as severe. Thus, sural nerve biopsy should be limited to cases in which important information may be expected and the patients should be carefully informed of the risks of long-lasting discomfort.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Effects of combined pancreatic and renal transplantation on diabetic neuropathy: a two-year follow-up study.

To investigate whether diabetic neuropathy can be reversed after pancreatic transplantation 13 diabetic patients were examined by means of conventional electroneurography and tests on autonomic function before and 6, 12, and 24 months after combined renal and pancreatic transplantation. 15 diabetic patients receiving a kidney graft only and 15 non-diabetic kidney graft recipients served as controls. Before transplantation neuropathy was most advanced in the two diabetic groups. Both diabetic groups showed a similar slight but significant improvement of nerve conduction after transplantation. In the non-diabetic group nerve conduction became essentially normal. No group showed improvement in autonomic dysfunction. The improvement in nerve conduction after combined kidney and pancreas transplantation was most probably due to the elimination of uraemia. Furthermore, 2 years of normoglycaemia did not reverse the diabetic neuropathy to an important extent at this late stage of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Analysis of sinus cycle variation: a new method for evaluation of suspected sinus node dysfunction.

Momentary sinus cycle variations in 30 patients with unequivocal sinus node disease (SND) were compared with those found in 18 healthy control subjects to assess their potential diagnostic value. The range of variation of sinus cycle length (SCL; standardized by dividing by mean SCL) and the maximal change in SCL between any two consecutive cycles (max delta SCL) were measured in short (about 1 minute) continuous ECG recordings from invasive electrophysiologic investigations. Age-stratified reference values from 1 minute surface ECG recordings obtained at rest during quiet breathing in about 70 healthy persons were applied. For diagnosing SND, an increased standardized variation range had a sensitivity of 63%, a specificity of 94%, and a predictive value of a positive test of 95%. The corresponding figures for an increased max delta SCL were 77%, 78%, and 85%, respectively. A combination of increased range of variation and increased max delta SCL was observed in 63% of the patients but not in any healthy subject, which gives a specificity and a predictive value of a positive test of 100% for this combination.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Autonomic system dysfunction and polyneuropathy in nondiabetic uremia. A one-year follow-up study after renal transplantation.

Polyneuropathy and autonomic dysfunction were studied in 15 patients with nondiabetic terminal uremia before renal transplantation and again at 6 and 12 months after the transplantation. Beat-to-beat variation of the electrocardiogram (ECG) relative to mean beat interval was used as an observation of the function of the parasympathetic vagal reflex arc. Marked autonomic dysfunction--i.e., reduced beat-to-beat variation and a mild diffuse polyneuropathy--was found. The neuropathy was mainly of axonal type, but a slowing of conduction velocities was also found. The latter was markedly improved after transplantation and is suggested to be caused by a toxic metabolic factor, possibly causing nodal dysfunction. Action potential amplitudes and autonomic function did not improve during the study. This implies a structural damage that is not repaired in 12 months. Neurological examination should be included in the care of patients with uremia, and the results should be one of the factors considered when transplantation is discussed.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1986

Autonomic function tests in healthy controls and in terminal uraemia.

Healthy individuals were tested with a battery of autonomic function tests in order to make up a normal data base for a variety of parasympathetic and sympathetic effector organ tests. 16 non-diabetic uraemic patients were also tested. Pathological findings were common, especially in the reflexes of parasympathetic nerves.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Autonomic dysfunction in experimental allergic neuritis.

Beat-to-beat variation (R-R variation) in the electrocardiogram was studied in experimental allergic neuritis in the Sprague-Dawley rat. Reduced R-R variations were found in 2 of 10 animals, probably as a sign of autonomic dysfunction. The vagal nerves from these two animals, studied in vitro, showed disturbed conduction. In one animal prolonged conduction latencies to supramaximal electrical stimuli were found. Vagal nerves from controls and from animals without clinical symptoms showed normal conduction. Histologically, the vagal nerves from affected animals showed a slight inflammatory cell infiltration and signs of demyelination but there was no evidence of involvement of the brainstem vasomotor nuclei. Thus, we suggest that the autonomic dysfunction in experimental allergic neuritis, measured as reduced R-R variations, is caused by a peripheral vagal neuropathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Autonomic dysfunction in non-diabetic terminal uraemia.

R-R variations in the ECG were studied as a sign of autonomic dysfunction in 44 non-diabetic patients with terminal uraemia treated with intermittent haemodialysis. A severe impairment of this parasympathetic vagal reflex was found though there were only mild signs of diffuse polyneuropathy. No acute effect was associated with haemodialysis. There was no correlation between either the R-R variations and the polyneuropathy-index or the total dialysis time. Patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis and polycystic kidney disease were equally affected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

R-R variations, a test of autonomic dysfunction.

Beat-to-beat variation of the heart rate was studied as a test of autonomic function. Recordings were made during quiet breathing, deep breathing and tilting from supine to upright position. The heart rate variations were expressed as a % of mean R-R interval. In order to establish normal criteria, the influence of age, wakefulness and intra-individual variations was studied in healthy volunteers. A negative correlation with age was found for all measured parameters. Patients with diabetic polyneuropathy differed from age-matched controls. Patients with symptoms of autonomic failure showed smaller variations than those without such symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

R-R variations in Guillain-Barré syndrome: a test of autonomic dysfunction.

As we have earlier shown, variations in the R-R interval of the ECG can be used as a measure of autonomic function. This test was applied to 6 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome at different times during the course of the disease. Severe but temporary impairment of autonomic function was found, which was maximal at 2-6 weeks after the onset of clinical symptoms and gradually improved to normal levels over a period of 3-18 months. This paralleled clinical recovery. The results suggest that this test of R-R variations is a reliable method for establishing and following an autonomic dysfunction in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Chromosome analysis and sister chromatid exchange in encephalo-trigeminal angiodysplasia.

A female, aged 32, with facial birthmarks and suffering migraine headaches and a slight hemiparesis was examined with isotope scanning, CT and angiography. She was found to have a massive, unilateral angiodysplasia, transforming the right cerebral hemisphere into an expanding vascular sponge-like structure. There was a family history of red facial birthmarks. The patient and her father were analysed cytogenetically by estimating the frequency of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). The frequency of gaps and breaks was normal compared to healthy controls, but the patient showed a significantly higher level of spontaneous SCE's. The patient and her father also had a higher than normal number of SCE's after addition of mitomycin C (MMC) to the blood culture. Numerical and structural chromosome deviations markedly exceeded normal in both, possibly representing a genetic imbalance in this syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Guillain-Barré syndrome in South-West Stockholm, 1973-1991, 3. Clinicoepidemiological subgroups.

Using hierarchical cluster analysis, applied to 47 cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) incident in South-West Stockholm (SWS) during the period from January 1973 to June 1992, we identified three major clinicoepidemiological subgroups. The first subgroup, 25.5% of the cases (26.7 +/- 6.7 years), recorded a peak incidence at ages 20-29 years and presented significant differences from other subgroups, a high proportion of cases with onset at low age preceded by respiratory infection (83.3%) and with normal motor conduction velocity (50.0%). Also found, were less affected biological parameters, a rapidly progressive course and independence in gait at one month after onset. A second subgroup, 27.7% of cases, was severely affected, clinically and functionally. It consisted predominantly of young individuals (22.7 +/- 11.1 years), with a high incidence (69.2% of cases) in autumn. A third subgroup, comprising 40.4% of cases, was older (61.1 +/- 11.0 years) and, in general, also severely affected. The incidence of this form appeared to be invariant with time.

Adolescent↗