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Biomedical subjects

G Singh

Publications and source records attributed to G Singh.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Treatment of summer anestrous buffalo (bubalus bubalis) with progesterone releasing intravaginal device plus pregnant mare serum go nadotropin.

Three experiments were conducted to treat forty-two summer-anestrous buffalo at three different villages. In all the experiments animals were randomly divided into two groups. One group was treated with a progesterone releasing intravaginal device (PRID) plus 800 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) at the time of PRID removal. The second group was retained as untreated control animals. All the treated animals were clinically examined and inseminated twice 48 and 72 h post treatment. Ovulation and fertility rates at induced estrus were 88, 90 and 100% and 50, 60 and 50% during Experiments I, II and III, respectively. None of the controls exhibited estrus during the course of the study.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

Mitomycin eye drops as treatment for pterygium.

The authors used an antineoplastic-antibiotic agent, mitomycin, in the form of eye drops as adjunctive treatment for primary and recurrent pterygia after surgical excision. Sixteen primary and four recurrent pterygia were treated with 1.0 mg/ml mitomycin eye drops, 14 primary and 10 recurrent pterygia were treated with 0.4 mg/ml mitomycin eye drops, and 18 primary pterygia were treated with placebo eye drops. Postoperative follow-up for the eyes treated with mitomycin eye drops ranged from 3 to 34 weeks (mean, 23 weeks). One of 44 pterygia treated with mitomycin recurred after 5 months (recurrence rate, 2.3%), whereas 16 of 18 primary pterygia treated with placebo eye drops developed postoperative granulomas and recurrent pterygia with a mean postoperative period of 6 weeks (recurrence rate, 88.9%). Topical mitomycin (1.0 mg/ml) caused conjunctival irritation, excessive lacrimation, and mild superficial punctate keratitis. These topical side effects were minimized with the 0.4 mg/ml mitomycin dosage. No systemic toxicity was noted with either dosage. The authors believe that mitomycin eye drops is a safe and effective adjunct to surgical excision in the treatment of primary or recurrent pterygia, or both.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Cleanup of biological extracts by a Pasteur pipette column and a comparison of in vivo-accumulated chlorinated pesticide residues with other clean up systems.

Biological samples are extracted with n-hexane/acetone (60:40) and 1 mL of the concentrated extract is eluted through a pasteur pipette column prepacked with alumina (0.3 g) and silicic acid (0.25 g) with 10 mL n-hexane (containing 4% acetone). The fat and other co-extractives are retained by the column and clear eluate is directly injected on a GLC column for determination on electron capture detector. A comparison of the Pasteur pipette cleanup with the modified method of Cole et al. (1967) on 41 samples of fish, One Step Method, (Ahmad and Marolt (1986] on 86 samples of fish and Maunder et al. (1964) on 10 type of wildlife (100 samples) was made. The Pasteur pipette method gives results which are significantly higher (p greater than 0.5) than the other methods except the One step method. The Pasteur pipette method has a detection limit of 0.01 microgram/g for DDT and its metabolites.

Acetone↗
PubMed1988

Pediculosis capitis in Benghazi, Libya. A school survey.

A school survey of pediculosis capitis in Benghazi, Libya, revealed an alarmingly high prevalence of 78.6%. The percentage of infestation was 67.2% for boys and 88.1% for girls. It was more frequent in schools located in rural areas (85.55%) as compared with those in urban areas (44.28%). There was no significant difference in infestation in younger and older children of either sex. Besides other factors for such a high prevalence, the lack of health education of family members may play a crucial role in transference and louse infestation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Association between HLA antigens and periodontal disease.

HLA-A, B and DR antigen frequencies were determined in three groups of periodontally diagnosed subjects: 49 patients with rapidly progressive periodontitis, 40 elderly subjects with minimal disease (considered as a resistant group) and 30 young subjects with minimal disease. The relative risk for HLA-A9 (previously reported to be associated with periodontal disease) was 15.5. HLA-A9 was present in 36.7% of the patients and 2.5% of the resistant group. HLA-A10 showed a significantly increased incidence in the resistant group (30.0%) compared to a non-periodontally diagnosed control population (9.0%), and was absent from the patient group. These findings provide additional evidence for the involvement of HLA-A9 in susceptibility to periodontitis, and suggest that A10 may play a role in resistance to the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Functional impairment induced by lipophilic cationic compounds on mitochondria.

Lipophilic cations, such as rhodamine 123, have selective anticarcinoma activity both in epithelial-derived tumor cells and in tumor cells injected into mice. The mechanism by which rhodamine 123 and safranin have their effect on mitochondrial function was examined. Rhodamine 123 and safranin inhibit the stimulation of mitochondrial respiration by ADP in a similar concentration range. This inhibition occurs whether the mitochondria are respiring on succinate as a substrate or on ascorbate plus tetramethylphenylenediamine. ATP hydrolysis was stimulated twofold by high lipophilic cation concentration. These results demonstrate that rhodamine 123 and safranin affect oxidative phosphorylation in a similar fashion.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1988

Pulmonary lysozyme--a secretory protein of type II pneumocytes in the rat.

A 14 kDa basic protein isolated from rat lung lavage was demonstrated to be lysozyme by its amino acid sequence analysis. An antiserum to rat lysozyme stained type II pneumocytes and alveolar macrophages. In rat lungs, no staining of the airway cells was noted. Lysozyme was detectable in type II pneumocytes by immunocytochemistry and by a quantitative immunoassay of lung homogenates of fetal lungs at Day 20 of gestation. An increase in the lysozyme content of the lung with increasing gestational and postnatal age of the rat was noted. In adult animals, lysozyme accounts for about 169.0 micrograms/g of wet lung weight and 0.3% of the soluble proteins in lung homogenate. Lysozyme constitutes about 6.6% of the total soluble proteins in rat lung lavage. Metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitation were used to demonstrate that rat type II pneumocytes synthesize and secrete lysozyme in vitro. However, in human lungs, lysozyme was identified in serous submucosal glands but not in alveolar type II pneumocytes. The results demonstrate differential distribution of a secretory protein in rodent and human lungs and indicate that in the rat lysozyme could be used as an immunohistologic marker for type II pneumocytes and as an indicator of secretory activity and maturation of type II pneumocytes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Identification, cellular localization, isolation, and characterization of human Clara cell-specific 10 KD protein.

Human lung lavage proteins were fractionated by centrifugation and molecular sieving. An antiserum to the post-albumin fraction of the soluble proteins reacted with a 10 KD protein and this protein was isolated by conventional chromatography. The protein, which has a pI of 4.8, consists of two 5 KD polypeptides and is rich in glutamic acid, leucine, serine, and aspartic acid amino acids. The protein does not bind to concanavalin A, pancreatic elastase, leukocyte elastase, or trypsin, and lacks anti-protease activity. It constitutes about 0.15% of the soluble proteins in lung lavage. Antibodies to the 10 KD protein specifically and exclusively stain Clara cells in human, dog, and rat. Staining of granules of Clara cells was prominent in the distal bronchioles; however, the non-ciliated cells of respiratory bronchioles did not stain for the 10 KD protein. This 10 KD protein appears in fetal lungs at 21 weeks of gestation, and was present in about 10% of the primary pulmonary adenocarcinomas. As a specific marker for Clara cells, this protein could be useful in the study of development, regulation of secretion, and pathobiology of these cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Spectrum concept of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Although neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) was initially thought to be a rare, idiosyncratic complication, the incidence estimates have been rising over the years. A part of this increase can be explained on the basis of an over-inclusive definition of NMS. The unitary concept of NMS has been challenged recently and a spectrum concept has been enunciated on the basis of findings of retrospective chart-reviews which have used too broad a definition of NMS. The authors describe three cases of neuroleptic-related toxicity with different clinical presentations which appeared in a manner apparently supporting the spectrum concept. They discuss this controversial concept critically, however, and caution against its overzealous use in routine clinical practice owing to its far-reaching clinical implications.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A randomized phase I and II study of short-term infusion of high-dose fluorouracil with or without N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid in patients with advanced pancreatic and colorectal cancers.

Fifty-two patients with advanced gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies who had not received previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy were randomized to be treated either with 24-hour infusion of weekly fluorouracil (5-FU) or the same plus N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartic acid (PALA). Forty-seven patients were evaluable for the assessment of toxicity and antitumor activity. PALA was administered as an intravenous (IV) bolus over 15 minutes at a fixed dose, 250 mg/m2. The latter agent was administered 24 hours before the start of 5-FU infusion. 5-FU was initially administered at 750 mg/m2 and was incrementally increased to 3,400 mg/m2. In both arms of the randomized study, the courses were repeated every week. In both arms of the study, ataxia and myelosuppression were the dose-limiting toxic effects. At 5-FU dose of 3,400 mg/m2, one patient in each arm developed grade 3 hematologic toxicity. Other reversible side effects included grade 2 skin changes, nausea, and vomiting. During the administration of 2,600 mg/m2 of 5-FU over 24 hours, the steady state plasma 5-FU concentration was approximately 20 mumol/L. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for 5-FU for protracted treatment is 2,600 mg/m2 in either arm of the study. Therapeutic response was predominantly seen in the combination arm: there were two patients with complete response (CR) and 11 patients with partial response (PR) of 28 patients in the study. In the 5-FU alone arm there were four PR and 19 patients in the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Luteolytic action of two antiprogestational agents (RU-38486 and ZK-98734) in the rat.

RU-38486 or ZK-98734 treatment (3 mg/day, s.c.) to intact or hysterectomized adult female rats on Days 5-7 post coitum induced changes characteristic of luteolysis. Ultrastructurally, the luteal cells exhibited an extensive vacuolization of the cytoplasm and perinuclear areas, degeneration of mitochondrial cristae, massive accumulation of lipid droplets, increase in number of lysosome like granules and heterochromatinization of the nucleus. In general, RU-38486 induced more marked degeneration of the luteal cells than did ZK-98734. There was also a significant decrease in peripheral plasma progesterone concentrations in treated rats. We suggest that these antiprogestagens act via inhibition of luteal function in addition to their antagonism at the uterine progesterone receptor level.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Hydrophobic surfactant-associated proteins: electrophoretic and immunologic analyses and cellular localization in human lung.

Pulmonary surfactant isolated from a number of animal species contains a protein of molecular weight 38,000 and several very hydrophobic proteins soluble in solvents often used to extract lipids. Although found to be intimately associated with surfactant lipids, localization of the very hydrophobic proteins to alveolar epithelial type II cells, the cells involved in the synthesis and secretion of pulmonary surfactant, has not been demonstrated. Hydrophobic proteins were extracted along with lipids from human surfactant, and, after extraction with deoxycholate, were used to raise an antiserum. The antiserum was characterized by the immunoblotting ("Western") technique, using blots of pulmonary surfactant, and of hydrophobic proteins prepared by deoxycholate extraction and by Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. The antiserum shows reactivity to a 6.5- to 18-kDa surfactant-associated hydrophobic protein, which appears to be the major component of deoxycholate extracted proteins, and has Phe as the N-terminal amino acid. In addition, 28-kDa, 40-kDa, 50-kDa, and 70-kDa bands (chemically unreduced) are seen in human pulmonary surfactant. Whether these bands represent precursors of the major surfactant-associated hydrophobic proteins, different proteolytic cleavage products of the precursor protein, distinct proteins, or associated forms of the same protein is not yet clear. When used in the immunoperoxidase staining of human lung sections, the antiserum yielded a staining pattern identical to that obtained by the use of an antiserum to the 35-kDa surfactant protein. The number, size, and location of the stained cells are consistent with their being the alveolar epithelial type II cells.

Chromatography, Gel↗