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Biomedical subjects

G Seifert

Publications and source records attributed to G Seifert.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Identification of Langerhans cells: simultaneous use of sera to intermediate filaments, T6 and HLA-DR antigens on oral mucosa, human epidermis and their tumours.

Langerhans cells in oral mucosa and epidermis have been identified using antibodies to intermediate filament proteins in conjunction with antibodies to T6 and HLA-DR antigens. Langerhans cells, lymphocytes and melanocytes are positive when tested with antibodies to vimentin, and negative with antibodies to prekeratin. Langerhans cells are also positive with antibodies directed against HLA-DR and T6 antigens. In contrast keratinocytes are positive for prekeratin and negative for vimentin, HLA-DR and T6. These methods provide a useful tool for the identification of Langerhans cells at the level of the light microscope, and have been used to show changes in the number and arrangement of these cells in squamous cell carcinomas of skin and oral mucosa, and in inflammatory conditions.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

Comparative investigation of keratin-filaments in normal tissues and tumours of skin, oral mucosa, salivary glands and thymus.

Antibodies against different fractions of keratins can be helpful in various fields of special pathology. Antibodies against "small" and "large" keratins permit to evaluate epithelial maturation in skin and oral mucosa. In addition, disturbances of keratinization during inflammatory processes and malignant transformation can be analyzed. The main application of antibodies against the entire fractions of keratins is the detection of the epithelial nature of a neoplasm. By this tool, particular problems in surgical pathology concerning differential diagnosis can be handled in an easier way. Among the different tissues and their neoplasms, examples of the analysis of thymus tumours and salivary gland tumours are presented. Immunoreactivity with keratin antibodies depends crucially on tissue processing. In the normal diagnostic procedure, good results are regularly obtained if cryostat or Bouin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections are used.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

The expression of different intermediate-sized filaments in human salivary glands and their tumours.

The intermediate-sized filaments can be divided into several groups which are characteristic of different types of tissues (e.g.: epithelial, mesenchymal, muscle, astrocytic and neural origin). Antibodies specific for some of these filament types have been used to analyse a group of salivary gland tumours. Prekeratin-positive cells were seen in the normal gland, cystadenolymphomas, mucoepidermoid tumours, and squamous cell carcinomas which are all tumours of epithelial origin. The pleomorphic adenomas showed the presence of some cells which appeared to contain both prekeratin and vimentin. The results are discussed with respect to their histogenetic implications.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

Tumor antigens in neoplasms of the human parotid gland.

In a collection of parotid gland tumors the presence of different antigens was studied by immuno-histochemical methods. The series was composed of different tumors: adeno- and cystadenocarcinomas, adenoid-cystic carcinomas, salivary duct carcinomas, mucoepidermoid tumors, squamous cell carcinomas and anaplastic carcinomas. The following substances were studied: 1. Substances normally present in salivary glands like lysozyme and lactoferrin. 2. Oncofetal antigens: carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). 3. Different classes of intermediate-sized filaments: prekeratin and vimentin. The presence of lactoferrin and carcinoembryonic antigen could be demonstrated in the glandular differentiated tumors, whereas the squamous cell carcinomas, although CEA positive, were lactoferrin negative. The anaplastic carcinomas were negative for lactoferrin and CEA. Lysozyme and AFP could not be demonstrated in the tumors of our material. Mucoepidermoid tumors and squamous cell carcinomas were clearly positive for prekeratin filaments whereas the stromal part showed a vimentin filaments in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts. These antigens provide a useful tool to distinguish between the epithelial and mesenchymal tumors.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1982

[Diffuse oncocytosis of the parotid gland. Definition and differential diagnosis].

Diffuse oncocytosis represents an extremely rare, nontumourous alteration of the parotid gland which could be observed in only 2 cases in a group of over 7000 salivary gland cases. Viewed under the light microscope, the glandular lobuli show complete oncocytic metaplasia of the acinar cells and the duct epithelia. The oncocytic cells are characterized by a swollen granular acidophilic cytoplasm. In semi-thin sections, transformed oncocytic clear basal cells are found in the vicinity of typical oncocytes. The electron microscope shows that the oncocytes contain multiple mitochondria in the cytoplasm. The mitochondria are almost always swollen, display cristolysis very often and contain osmiophilic granules. The ductular oncocytes are characterized by isolated tonofilaments, whereas the myoepithelial oncocytes are notable for peripherally arranged myofilaments. The endothelial cells of the vessels show hydropic swelling. Ultrastructural changes are observed in the terminal axons of the vegetative nervous system of the parotid gland. Diffuse oncocytosis is an intracellular metabolic disturbance associated with mitochondriopathy. Its occurrence in elderly persons is suggestive of an age-dependent metabolic defect. In differential diagnosis, diffuse oncocytosis must be differentiated from sialadenosis which is a primarily vegetative neuropathy with secretory disturbance of the acinic cells, and from oncocytic neoplasias, especially from oncocytomas and cystadenolymphomas. Oncocytic adenomatous hyperplasia is a different disease. It represents a multifocal oncocytic proliferation of the duct system. Typical oncocytomas may perhaps develop from such oncocytic proliferation by a tendency to confluent growth.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1981

Presence of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the normal and inflamed human parotid gland. An immunohistochemical study of 31 cases.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was analysed in the human parotid gland. Specimens of 31 normal and inflamed parotid glands were studied by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The presence of CEA could be demonstrated at the border of the acinar cells and the intercalated duct cells as well as in the undifferentiated duct cells as observed in chronic obstructive parotitis. These observations may explain the presence of CEA in normal human saliva and may provide a new basis for histogenetic interpretation of pathological lesions of the parotid gland, especially of the tumors of the salivary gland tissue.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1981

Immunocytochemical demonstration of filamentous structures in the parotid gland. Occurrence of keratin and actin in normal and tumoral parotid gland with special respect to the myoepithelial cells.

The aim of this study was to analyze the filament distribution in the parotid gland and their tumors. A correlation to the histogenetic implications and histological properties was attempted. Normal rat and human parotid glands as well as pleomorphic adenomas and squamous cell carcinomas of this gland were examined by the indirect immunoperoxidase technique using antibodies to the keratin polypeptide of 67,000 dalton, and 55,000 dalton and anti-actin auto-antibodies. Both keratin and actin antigens were demonstrated in the duct system and in the myoepithelial cells of the normal salivary glands. The acinar cells remained negative. In pleomorphic adenomas, there were numerous keratin-positive spindle-shaped cells which represented the so-called myoepithelial cells. These cells were demonstrated to contain actin, too. The tubular duct-like structures were labeled by keratin antiserum and by anti-actin auto-antibodies. In squamous cell carcinomas, the majority of the tumor cells were strongly labeled by keratin antibodies. Actin was detected in these malignant cells, too. Our results show important differences in the cellular elements of the normal salivary glands with regard to their filament distribution. In normal and tumoral conditions, our findings support the hypothesis of the epithelial nature of the myoepithelial cells. Our preliminary results encourage the research of filamentous structures for scientific and diagnostic purposes.

Actins↗
PubMed1981

Immunohistochemical detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in parotid gland carcinomas. Analysis of 52 cases.

The presence of CEA in parotid gland tumours was studied by immunohistochemical methods. 52 cases were analysed. 7 of 8 adenocarcinomas, 3 of 5 cystadenocarcinomas, 3 of 4 adenoid cystic carcinomas and all 3 salivary duct carcinomas were positive for CEA. 5 of 8 squamous cell carcinomas and 9 of 21 carcinomas in a pleomorphic adenoma were also positive for CEA. The anaplastic carcinomas were negative. The distribution pattern of the presence of CEA in the carcinomatous and the adjacent normal or inflamed tissue was analysed. The results are discussed with regard to their histogenetic and diagnostic implications.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Lactoferrin and lysozyme in carcinomas of the parotid gland. A comparative immunocytochemical study with the occurrence in normal and inflamed tissue.

Lactoferrin and lysozyme, parts of the non-specific defense system, were studied in normal and diseased parotid glands, using the immunohistochemical PAP-method. 31 normal and inflamed glands were investigated. The presence of lactoferrin and lysozyme was demonstrated in the acinar cells and some duct cells. The amount of these substances was increased in obstructive parotitis. The 52 carcinomas showed a distinct distribution pattern for lactoferrin (positive cases: adenocarcinomas 5 of 8; cystadenocarcinoma: 3 of 5; adenoid cystic carcinomas 2 of 4; salivary duct carcinomas 2 of 3). Some of the carcinomas in pleomorphic adenomas were positive for lactoferrin. Squamous cell carcinomas and anaplastic carcinomas were constantly negative. All carcinomas were negative for lysozyme. These observations are discussed with respect to their physiological and pathological significance.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[Mucoceles of the minor salivary glands. Extravasation mucoceles (mucus granulomas) and retention mucoceles (mucus retention cysts) (author's transl)].

360 cases of salivary glands cysts (= 6%) were collected in the Salivary Glands Register (Institute of Pathology, University of Hamburg) from 1965 until 1979 among a total of 5739 register cases. 273 cases of the cystic lesions (= 76%) were mucoceles of the minor salivary glands. The analysis of these 273 cases revealed the following results: 1. Two types of mucoceles can be morphologically distinguished: extravasation mucoceles and retention mucoceles. 2. The extravasation mucocele is in our material (240 cases = 88.7%) the most frequent type of mucocele. The term "extravasation mucocele" of the anglo-american literature is identical with the term "mucus granuloma" ("Schleimgranulom") introduced by Hamperl (1932). 3. The main signs of the mucus granulomas are: predominant location (79%) at the lower lip, age peak in the 2nd decade and more frequent occurrence (in 60%) in the male sex. 4. Three stages of development can be distinguished in the pathogenesis of the mucus granulomas: an initial stage (interstitial mucus lakes), a resorption stage (mucus granulomas with macrophages, foam cells and foreign bodies giant cells) and a terminal stage with the development of a pseudocyst (capsule of collagen tissue, no epithelial demarcation). 5. The retention mucocele (synonym: mucus retention cyst) is a rare type of mucocele (33 cases = 11.3%). The main signs are: nearly equal occurrence in all oral regions, age peak in the 8th decade, moderate predominance of the female sex. 6. The retention mucoceles contain viscous mucous material, possess always an epithelial demarcation of the cysts differentiated analogous to the different segments of the salivary duct system and show as a rule no inflammatory reaction compared with the extravasation mucoceles. 7. Microtraumas and mucus congestions play the important role in the development of the extravasation mucocele. The final formation depends on the amount of the overflowed mucus and the intensity of the mucus phagocytosis. 8. Partial obstructions of the ducts are considered as the important factor in the development of the retention mucocele. Besides, relations are discussed to high differentiated monomorphic adenomas. 9. In differential diagnosis, the retention mucoceles must be distinguished from other salivary glands cysts (lymphoepithelial cysts etc.), the extravasation mucoceles from other granulomatous reactions of the salivary glands.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Immunoglobulin-containing plasma cells in chronic parotitis and malignant lymphomas of the parotid gland. Comparing immunocytochemical observations of frequency and localization.

IgA-containing plasma cells in the periductal gland tissue are part of the special secretory immune system of the salivary glands. The reaction of Ig-containing plasma cells (localization, frequency, specific Ig-content) was analyzed by the indirect immunoperoxidase method in chronic recurrent parotitis (9 cases), chronic myoepithelial parotitis (benign lymphoepithelial lesion, Sjögren's syndrome; 8 cases), and malignant lymphoma associated with chronic myoepithelial parotitis (11 cases). The following results were obtained: 1. In chronic recurrent parotitis, parallel to the increase in IgA in the salivary secretion, a marked multiplication of IgA-containing plasma cells was found in the inflammatory infiltrate and the remaining non-inflamed periductal parenchyma of the parotid gland. In the marginal zone of inflammation, a slight increase of IgG-containing plasma cells was also observed. 2. In chronic myoepithelial parotitis, the total plasma cellular infiltration was slightly less distinct than in chronic recurrent parotitis. The most remarkable increase in Ig-containing plasma cells developed in the marginal zones--away from the myoepithelial cellular islands--as well as in the area of ductular proliferations, and was characterized by a strong increase of IgG-containing plasma cells. At the same time, a slight increase of IgM-containing plasma cells was observed. No plasma cells were found in the myoepithelial cellular islands. 3. In the malignant lymphomas associated with myoepithelial parotitis, which were mainly highly differentiated lymphomas (immunocytomas, centrocytic-centroblastic lymphomas) and rarely poorly differentiated immunoblastic lymphomas, there was a distinct decrease of IgG-containing plasma cells when compared with the numbers in this group without lymphoma. The differing degrees of prevalence and Ig-content of the plasma cells partly describe the change taking place in the local secretory immune system of the parotid gland. The possible relationships between chronic recurrent parotitis and auto-immune myoepithelial parotitis on one hand and the stages of transition (prelymphoma) to malignant lymphoma on the other, are discussed.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1980

Histologic subclassification of the cystadenolymphoma of the parotid gland. Analysis of 275 cases.

Cystadenolymphomas (CAL) of the parotid gland are variable in their epithelial differentiation and the ratio of the epithelial tumor component to lymphoid stroma. Two hundred and seventy five cases of CAL from the files of the Salivary Glands Register of the Institute of Pathology, University of Hamburg (1965-1979) were analysed. Their pathogenesis from parenchyma included in regional lymph nodes is discussed. The following subclassification was established. 1. Depending on to the ratio of epithelial tumor component to lymphoid stroma, three subtypes were distinguished. Subtype 1, "typical CAL" with an epithelial tumor component of 50%, amounted to 77% of all cases of CAL studied. Oncocytic differentiation and focal metaplasia to goblet cells or squamous epithelium was also found. 13.5% of CAL were classified as subtype 2, "stroma-poor CAL" with an epithelial tumor component of 70 to 80%. The tumor structure was similar to that of an oncocytoma in places. Two per cent of the CAL were in subtype 3, "stroma-rich CAL" with an epithelial tumor component of only 20 to 30%. Subtype 3 was found solely in men. The average age at presentation (61 years) was slightly lower than that of all the cases studied (65 years). 2. In 7.5% of the cases large areas of squamous cell metaplasia and regressive changes was found within a CAL. These cases were classified as subtype 4 ("metaplastic CAL"). The average age was 67 years. The case histories showed that 20% of these metaplastic CAL had previously been irradiated. 3. Bilateral CAL was found in 7.5% of the cases. In 4% multifocal CAL occurred in the parotid gland unilaterally. Recurrences were observed in 2% of all CAL. 4. Carcinoma in CAL is rare (we found two cases in our own material). In 50% of all cases reported radiotherapy was mentioned in the case histories. 5. Malignant tumors coincident with CAL were recorded in 3% of the cases. 6. The lymphoid stroma showed reaction patterns similar to those of the regional lymph nodes. These included granulomatous changes (foreign body granuloma with cholesterol deposits, tuberculosis) and tumor metastases. In the neighborhood of oncocytic tumor epithelium focal accumulations plasma cells forming IgA and IgG were found. Metaplasia to squamous epithelium is believed to be caused by circulatory disturbances, irradiation, and other noxae. In the differential diagnosis of the stroma-poor subtype 2, oncocytoma and cystic sialadenoma must be excluded, and in the differential diagnosis of subtype 4 (the metaplastic CAL), sebaceous adenoma, mucepidermoid tumor, squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoepithelioma, and other non-tumorous lesions of the parotid gland (lymphoepithelial cysts, myoepithelial parotitis) must be ruled out. Our findings suggest that CAL develops from parenchyma included in parotid lymph nodes with the oncocytic ductal epithelium representing the neoplastic component.

Adenolymphoma↗