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Biomedical subjects

G Seidel

Publications and source records attributed to G Seidel.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Comparative treatment of gastroduodenal haemorrhage with secretin and cimetidine].

In a prospective multicenter study 71 patients with acute, non-arterial gastroduodenal haemorrhage from ulcers or stress lesions were treated alternately with synthetic secretin (Hoe 0690 (n = 35) or with cimetidine (n = 36). Both medications were given by infusion over 48 hours. Prior to commencement of treatment the haemorrhage was verified gastroscopically. During infusion of secretin cessation of hemorrhage was achieved without recurrence in 30 out of the 35 patients within the 48-hour infusion time and in 3 patients with recurrence within the same period. Two patients failed to obtain discontinuation of haemorrhage within the infusion period. Cimetidine led to cessation of haemorrhage without recurrence within 48 hours in 20 out of 3 patients, 3 patients had recurrences. Haemorrhages could not be arrested in 13 patients within the two-day treatment period. Differences between success of treatment among the two groups are significant (P less than 0.01) favouring secretin.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Tobramycin nephrotoxicity: failure of cefotaxime to potentiate renal toxicity.

The aim of our prospective clinical study was to determine whether the combination of tobramycin plus cefotaxime is more nephrotoxic than tobramycin alone. The studies were carried out in 30 patients with serious infections and normal renal function. Groups of ten patients each received either 2 g cefotaxime or 1 mg/kg body weight tobramycin or cefotaxime and tobramycin in the same dosage every eight hours intravenously for at least seven days. Serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) excretion in 24-hour urine were determined before, during and five days after the antibiotics had been discontinued. These were used as parameters for glomerulotubular injury. The plasma levels of tobramycin and cefotaxime (assayed by agar diffusion) did not differ when the drugs were given alone or in combination. None of the patients treated with cefotaxime alone showed any signs of renal damage. In contrast, tobramycin alone or in combination with cefotaxime caused an increase in urinary enzymes in all patients. This activity was a mean five to six times greater than the initial values prior to antibiotic therapy. There were no significant differences between the AAP increase during treatment with tobramycin and tobramycin plus cefotaxime. Four to five days after discontinuing antibiotic therapy, AAP activity decreased to values similar to those measured prior to therapy. In some of the patients receiving tobramycin alone or in combination with cefotaxime, increased creatinine levels, a reduction in creatinine clearance to 60 ml/min and an increase in renal enzyme excretion could be observed. Thus, treatment with high doses of cefotaxime does not seem to increase tobramycin nephrotoxicity in patients with normal renal function. The nephrotoxicity of this drug combination is obviously due to the aminoglycoside.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Cefotaxime in human lung tissue.

In the course of thoracic surgery in 79 patients lung tissue samples were taken up to around 2 and 4 h, respectively, after i.v. injection of 1 (n = 22) or 2 g cefotaxime (n = 57). In these samples cefotaxime levels were measured using a microbiological method. About 1 h after injection 1.6 and 5.1 microgram/g (median values), respectively, were found. Even later after injection cefotaxime could still be detected. These results are evaluated with respect to the problem encountered in the biological measurement of concentrations of ester cephalosporins in tissue due to desacetylation by hemolytic samples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Radical pelvic surgery versus radical surgery plus radiotherapy for stage Ib carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Preliminary results of a prospective randomized clinical study.

In a preliminary report of a prospective controlled study treatment results and therapy morbidity of 60 patients with stage pT1bNoMo carcinoma of the uterine cervix treated by radical surgery only (Wertheim-Meigs) were compared with those of 60 patients treated by radical surgery followed by a postoperative external radiotherapy. The median duration of follow-up was 44 (24--72) months. Comparing the survival probability analyzed by life-table-method up to 18 months there was a significant better result for patients treated with surgery only. However, after that the study demonstrated comparable therapeutic results with the two therapeutic regimens. There was no difference of tumor size in patients who died after surgery alone and those who died after combined therapy. The therapy morbidity was slightly greater in patients treated by combined therapy. Especially lymphedemas of the leg developed more frequent in patients treated with combined surgery and radiotherapy. Preliminary analysis of the study does not demonstrate any beneficial effect of postoperative radiotherapy followed a radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphonodectomy in cervical cancer stage pT1bNoMo, but optimal staging, radical surgery and carefully histological examination of the removed tissue are essential needs for this approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Determination of target cells in the by N-nitroso-N-methylurea induced leukemogenesis in the mouse].

Using the model of chemically induced leukemogenesis of mice by N-nitroso-N-methyl urea (NMU) studies were done to find out the primary point of attack of the chosen carcinogen on cellular level. After application of 14C-NMU (XVII X AKR) F1 hybrid mice were killed at different times, and the 14C activity was determined in various organs by scintillation counting and autoradiography. Contrary to expectations, the bone marrow showed a significantly higher activity than the thymus, which is supposed to be the target organ for lymphatic leukemogenesis. The specificity of the enrichment of 14C activity in bone marrow could be assured by comparative proliferation studies. The autoradiographic results favor the lymphatic cells of bone marrow as target for NMU. The target cell problem is discussed in respect to thymectomy and recent results on nude mice. With high probability the thymus is not essential for lymphatic leukemogenesis and, consequently, is not the target organ.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Renal tolerance of combined treatment with cefotaxime and gentamicin (author's transl)].

Treatment of 20 patients with 2 g cefotaxime intravenously and 80 mg gentamicin intramuscularly b.i.d. for various reasons before antibiograms were available showed no recognizable influence on renal function after one week. Patients were without renal disease and of both sexes on groups from 19-23, 36-59 and 63-69 years of age. No damage to the kidneys was evident when creatinine clearance, serum creatinine and urea concentrations and the usual urinalysis were considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Comparative determination of cefotaxime and desacetyl cefotaxime in serum and bile by bioassay and high-performance liquid chromatography.

In rat serum as well as in human serum and bile after injection of cefotaxime (CTX), the parent compound and the active metabolite desacetyl cefotaxime (dCTX) have been demonstrated by quantitative analysis with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Simultaneous determination of CTX by bioassay using test organisms sensitive to both CTX and dCTX resulted in spuriously high concentration readings of CTX. Using dCTX insensitive test organisms concentrations of cefotaxime obtained by agar diffusion test and by assay with HPLC were highly correlated. In human serum and bile after i.v. injection of 2 g CTX, as may be administered therapeutically, high concentrations of dCTX were observed. dCTX has a longer elimination half-life than the parent molecule. It is concluded that the measurement of CTX in biological fluids should be performed by HPLC or by bioassay with a selective test organism in order to obtain correct pharmacokinetic parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Demonstration of a syncarcinogenic effect of endogenous MuLV, rescued from MNU-induced leukemias, and suboptimal MNU doses in mice.

It was demonstrated that the combined action of activated endogenous MuLV isolated from MNU-induced leukemias and suboptimal doses of MNU yields a significantly high incidence of leukemias and tumors. Treatment with one agent alone shows low effects only. The findings were discussed in view of the mechanisms in which viruses and chemical carcinogens interact in a syncarcinogenic processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Problems of radiotherapy in radically removed cervix cancers in stages T1b NO MO. Preliminary results of a randomized clinical trial].

A prospective controlled study was undertaken for the purpose of establishing the usefulness of postoperative radiotherapy following radical surgery of cervical carcinoma, Stage pT1b NO MO. A random selection was made of 120 patients who were either treated exclusively by radical surgery (Wertheim-Meigs) or in whom radical surgery was followed by postoperative telecobalt irradiation of the minor pelvis 50 to 52 Gy). No significantly difference were found to exist between the two therapeutic approaches, after an average period of follow-up observations of 33 months (between twelve and 60 months). The incidence of lymphoedema was increased with significance in those patients who had been irradiated.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1979

[Studies of the target cell problem in N-nitroso-N-methylurea induced leukemogenesis].

After i.p. application of 14C-nitrosomethylurea (NMU), mice were killed at different periods and the 14C-activity in various organs was determined by scintillation counting and by autoradiography. Contrary to expectations, bone marrow showed a significantly higher activity than the thymus, which is the supposed target-organ for the lymphatic leukemogenesis. The specificity was secured by examinations of the proliferation kinetics. The radioautographic results of bone marrow favorize the lymphatic cells as the target for NMU. The target-cell problem is discussed in respect to thymectomy examinations and recent results on nude mice. With high probability the thymus is not essential for lymphatic leukemogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Effect of coumarin on the livers of DBA/2J and CH3/HeJ mice].

32 weeks chronic feeding of DBA/2J- as well as CH3/HeJ-mice with 0.5 and 1.0% coumarin, respectively, in the diet, caused minimal increases of glutamate-oxalatetransaminase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and sorbitdehydrogenase activities in the serum only, when approximately 2 g coumarin/kg daily were administered. Neither macroscopic nor microscopic examination of liver tissue revealed any pathological alterations caused by coumarin. Correspondingly the animals were unaffected in their behaviour and growth during the coumarin loading.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1978

Prolonged action of drugs in rats with flavonoid-deficiency.

In flavonoid-deficient Wistar-rats, the action of caffeine, harmine, hexobarbital, morphine and pentobarbital is enhanced. In contrast, the thiopental sleeping time is shortened. These observations may indicate impaired drug metabolism as a consequence of the flavonoid-deficiency state.

Animals↗