With all control schedules, the management of diabetes is possible using Skyler's algorithm. In general, those control algorithms which do not allow the individual adaptation to changing conditions lead to overinsulinisation. So-called meal-related algorithms do usually minimise the fluctuations in blood sugar. The introduction of self-adapting algorithms, detecting peripheral insulin resistance, may further improve metabolic diabetes control.

Algorithms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiac stress-rest single-photon emission computed tomography with technetium 99m-labeled tetrofosmin: influence of washout kinetics on regional myocardial uptake values of the rest study with a 1-day protocol.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate (1) the washout kinetics of 99mTc-labeled tetrofosmin, separately for myocardium with normal and reduced perfusion, and (2) its influence on quantitative analysis in a 1-day stress-rest protocol. METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-five patients with angiographically proved coronary artery disease underwent bicycle exercise stress testing with injection of 200 MBq 99mTc-labeled tetrofosmin and first single-photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) imaging 40 minutes after injection. A second SPECT was acquired 2.3 +/- 0.4 hours after the first one immediately before rest injection of 800 MBq 99mTc-labeled tetrofosmin. The rest (third) SPECT was acquired 15 minutes thereafter. The relative washout fraction per time (WOFt) was calculated assuming linear washout kinetics. Thirty-three regional uptake values per study were calculated, normalized to the perfusion maximum (100%) in either the postexercise SPECT and the rest SPECT, for the latter with and without correction of remaining counts from stress injection. In regions with normal perfusion, WOFt was 11.5% +/- 3.5% per hour. In regions with markedly reduced perfusion (relative uptake < 50%, WOFt was 8.3% +/- 9.9% per hour. The highest variation of the relative uptake values between rest SPECT with and without correction of remaining counts from stress injection was 5.4% +/- 3.5% in regions with stress-induced ischemia. CONCLUSION: To use a 1-day protocol with a stress-rest radioactivity ratio of 1:4 and an interval of more than 2 hours between the examinations, a correction for remaining counts from stress injection seems not to be necessary for the quantitative analysis of rest SPECT.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of biosynthetic human insulin and pork insulin during rest, food ingestion, and physical work in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects using a glucose controlled insulin infusion system.

In six insulin-dependent diabetic subjects, we investigated whether differences between biosynthetic human insulin (BHI) and pork insulin are present as measured by an automatic glucose controlled insulin infusion system (GCIIS) (Biostator). The parameters measured were basal insulin requirement and food-dependent insulin requirement, as well as the blood sugar-lowering and insulin-saving effect of standardized physical work. The results show that BHI does not reveal any differences with regard to the basal food-independent and food-dependent insulin requirement compared to pork insulin in insulin-requiring diabetic subjects. Delayed food-dependent initial rise in blood sugar and insulin during physical work, which was observed with BHI, does not show any differences in the integral over 180 min. These investigations confirm the results found in vitro and in animal experiments. At the same time, they indicate discrete differences in the activity spectrum.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of carnitine on experimental hypertriglyceridemia in rats].

Carnitine was shown to normalize the rat blood levels of triglycerides and fatty acids elevated by a 7-day administration of saccharose. It was also found that the serum content of endogenous carnitine is decreased in experimental hypothyroidism.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[On the metabolism of aromatic compounds. II. The muconic acid scission of simple o-diphenols (author's transl)].

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Catechols↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Bases of corticosteroid therapy and its side effects in immunopathological systemic diseases].

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Glucocorticoids↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Physical training as a means of clinical rehabilitation in internal diseases in aging. 3. Lung diseases].

Adequate physical training among healthy persons of all age groups promotes adaptability of the respective organs. A similar effect can be shown among patients provided that contraindications are taken into account. Physical training as treatment for heart and circulation--diseases is widely known. In the case of lung-diseases similar experiences are still lacking. In this paper indications, contraindications and the effects of an adequate training in combination with medical therapy in chronic pulmonary diseases are reported. 1. Our investigations show a significant improvement of the cardiopulmonary function among patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis when treated with combined therapy, as compared to those treated with drugs only. 2. Among patients with asthma bronchiale, after diseases of the pleura, after pneumonia and tuberculosis or before and after lung operations an adequate physical training in addition to medical therapy for improvement of the cardiopulmonary function is recommended also.

Aged↗