[Immunogenicity of various insulins by determination of specific IgE].
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Humans↗
Biomedical subjects
G Schmidt
Publications and source records attributed to G Schmidt.
[Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and isoenzymes. Correlation with myocardial damage].
1). The MB electrophoretic fraction of the serum CPK is specific in the diagnosis old acute myocardial infarction. 2). It allows us to differentiate ischaemia from myocardial necrosis. 3). The absence of this fraction, when found out during a period of 12 to 24 hours after the start of the angina attack allows us to deny the presence of acute myocardial infarction with a high index of precision. 4). Our results show that the serum sample should be obtained between 12 and 24 hours after starting the clinical case, in order to get a higher sensibility and specificity. 5). The quantification of MB fraction might be useful in the calculation of the amount of cardial muscle destroyed. When calculating the amount of cardial muscle destroyed of 125 cases (12.5%) with positive diagnosis of reinfarction and among the same 125, 12 were found occurring for the third time. Is possible that the real frequency of the iterative infarction is even higher, because many cases were dismissed (27.7%) for lack of electrocardiographic data, clearly pointing to myocardial transmural infarction. 6). Investigations were conduced about the evolutative condition of the danger factors.
Adolescent↗
Effects of nicotine gum on F waves in non-smokers.
The effects of chewing gum, containing 0 and 4 mg nicotine, on F waves were studied in healthy volunteers in a repeated measure design. F responses were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis muscle following stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist. The persistence and various amplitude measures were analysed. Chewing a 4 mg nicotine gum, with a considerable rise in systemic nicotine (6.4-37.4 ng/ml), failed to produce significant effects on F wave parameters in relation to the placebo baseline. The analysis of different F wave amplitude ranges, however, revealed significant nicotine-induced changes: a dose-related decrease of F responses > or = 500 microV and an increase of F waves between 200-290 microV. This may be due to an activation of Renshaw cells in the spinal cord.
Adult↗
KMSA president's inaugural address.
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Adolescent↗
Phase II clinical trial of combined natural interferon-beta plus recombinant interferon-gamma treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Alpha-interferon (IFN-alpha) is an effective treatment for chronic hepatitis B but only 25-40% of patients will profit from a long-term beneficial response to the currently recommended schedule of 3-6 MU given 3 times a week for 6 months. Clinical trials are therefore needed to investigate alternative modifications of interferon therapy, including combinations of different antivirals or immune modulators in order to improve the therapeutic approach to chronic hepatitis B infection. In a phase II trial we evaluated whether a combination of natural interferon-beta (nIFN-beta) with strong antiviral activity plus recombinant interferon-gamma (rIFN-gamma) with a predominantly immunomodulatory activity is able to increase the response rate compared to historical controls treated with IFN-alpha in a conventional regimen. METHODOLOGY: Forty patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in this trial of combined interferon therapy at a dosage of 6 MU nIFN-beta during week 1 followed by 3 MU for weeks 2-4 plus rIFN-gamma at a daily subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of 150 microg during the entire 4 weeks of the treatment period. Patients entered the trial on the basis of the following criteria: hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAG), HBeAG and HBV-DNA positive for at least 6 months, HDV, EBV, CMV, anti-HIV negative, and chronic hepatitis proven on biopsy taken within 4 weeks of entry as well as 6 and/or 12 months after interferon therapy. The final diagnosis and classification of chronic hepatitis has been based on guidelines according to a revised classification of chronic hepatitis (Desmet 1994). The post-treatment follow-up was 12 months. RESULTS: The combined interferon therapy achieved complete responses with seroconversion from HBeAG to anti-HBe and a negative HBV-DNA (dot blot) test, as well as normalization of ALT activity in 15 patients, and partial response with negativation of HBV-DNA concomitant to a decrease in aminotransferase activity to near normal levels in 6 patients. Nineteen patients showed no response to viral markers but showed relief of clinical symptoms as well as pronounced decrease of serumtransaminase activity. Grading of liver biopsies demonstrated an improvement of histologic parameters after the interferon regimen in half of the evaluable patients (n=22). Histological response has been quantified by a reduction in the score of histological activity (HAI-index) from 12.6 before to 7.6 after interferon therapy, and in the inflammation and cellular degeneration score (ICD) from 9.9 to 5.2. Histological response, however, failed to show a consistent correlation with serologic response. This medium-dose combination of interferon-beta and interferon-gamma was tolerated very well by the patients, this good tolerability being explained by tachyphylaxis in response to daily interferon doses. No serious side effects or decompensation of liver function were observed during the 4-week period of therapy or the follow-up, despite the special clinical situation where 60% of the patients included in the study presented with histologically proven cirrhosis (35% of them with clinical manifestation of mildly decompensated cirrhosis). CONCLUSIONS: This short-term regimen of combined nIFN-beta + rIFN-gamma therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B proved to be equieffective to long-term treatment with interferon-alpha and combines high clinical tolerability with good practicability, as it can be administered on an in-patient basis, ensuring close patient monitoring.
Adolescent↗