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Biomedical subjects

G Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to G Schmidt.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Fatal poisoning by protriptyline and haloperidol following an extreme overdose].

In this paper the authors report on a case of lethal suicidal toxification with protriptyline and haloperidol after oral ingestion. Gas chromatographic and radioimmunologic investigations were used for quantitative determination of protriptyline and haloperidol in blood, urine, and tissues. The highest concentrations were found in lung and liver. These concentrations are discussed with reference to the cause of death.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Colorectal adenomas. Distribution, incidence of malignant transformation, and rate of recurrence.

In 282 patients, 731 colon polyps (643 adenomas and 88 hyperplastic polyps) were extirpated endoscopically or biopsied and investigated histologically. Localization of the adenomas with various degrees of atypia and the hyperplastic polyps, as well as their size distribution, were determined. In 66 patients with adenoma polypectomy on the first examination, one or more control colonoscopies were carried out (in all, 107). The median period of follow-up observation was 31 months. Thirty percent of the one-year control colonoscopies after polypectomy revealed new adenomas. The statistical analyses showed that patients with singular adenomas, on initial investigation, develop significantly fewer adenomas in the further course than patients with multiple initial findings, especially in negative results in the one-year control. The size of new adenomas found during the first 24 months after polypectomy does not exceed 10 mm. On the basis of these results and the literature data available so far, a follow-up program is presented for discussion.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumothorax complicating diagnostic colonoscopy.

A case of subcutaneous emphysema and pneumothorax secondary to a diagnostic colonoscopy is presented. While 11 cases of retroperitoneal emphysema due to colonoscopy were identified in the literature, there are only two further reports of pneumothorax. Possible etiologic and therapeutic aspects are discussed.

Colonoscopy↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of Escherichia coli wild-type strains by means of agglutination with antisera raised against cloned P-, S-, and MS-fimbriae antigens, hemagglutination, serotyping and hemolysin production.

E. coli strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) very often possess mannose-sensitive (MS) and mannose-resistant (MR) adherence factors (fimbriae). According to their receptor specificity the mannose-resistant adhesins can be divided into several types, P, S, M and X. We have cloned the determinants of three groups of UTI E. coli adhesins, MS, P and S, and prepared specific antisera against the fimbriae antigens. 189 hemagglutination (HA+)-positive strains, 96 fecal isolates and 93 strains isolated from UTI have been tested with these specific antisera and further characterized by receptor specific HA, HA patterns and further of the "common O serogroups" 01, 02, 04, 06, 07, 08, 018, 025, 075, most prevalent in UTI, and hemolysin production. 68 (73%) of the UTI strains and 50 (52%) of the fecal isolates showed P-receptor specificity; 16 (17%) of the uropathogenic bacteria and 33 (34%) of the fecal strains exhibited S, M or X-fimbriae antigens. 24% of the P-hemagglutinating (P+) strains reacted with P (F8)-specific antiserum. In contrast, more than three quarter of the S+-strains were agglutinated by S-specific antiserum. HA-pattern VI and 018 antigen were found to be associated with P-fimbriae strains, whereas HA-pattern V and VII and the O antigens 02 (M-type), 06 and 018 (S-type) occurred most frequently in P--strains. A high percentage of P-fimbriated strains showed mannose-sensitive hemagglutination and hemolysin production.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1986

The influence of prostaglandin E2 and indomethacin on progesterone production and ovulation in the rabbit ovary perfused in vitro.

The effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the ovulation process were studied in a recirculating perfusion model using ovaries from virgin rabbits. Ovulation frequency, time of ovulation, and progesterone release from the ovaries were examined after the addition of PGE2, either alone or with luteinizing hormone (LH) in the presence or absence of indomethacin. The stimulatory effect of LH on ovulation was totally blocked if the ovaries were exposed to indomethacin at the same time. Ovaries treated with PGE2 alone did not ovulate, and PGE2 was unable to restore indomethacin-blocked ovulation. Conversely, the frequency of ovulation was reduced in ovaries treated with PGE2 and LH compared with controls receiving only LH. There was no measurable difference in the pattern of progesterone release between ovaries simultaneously treated with LH and indomethacin and LH-treated controls. Ovaries exposed to PGE2 alone showed only a slight increase of progesterone release in the medium, while those treated with PGE2 in combination with LH in the perfusate showed a smaller progesterone release than those treated with LH alone. The results confirm the blocking effect on ovulation by indomethacin. PGE2 could not reverse this effect, but instead reduced the number of LH-induced follicular ruptures. Indomethacin had no effect on progesterone levels, while PGE2 (which alone showed a slight stimulating effect on the steroid concentration) together with LH counteracted the effect of LH on progesterone release.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Features of families with major affective disorders.

This article reports the authors' observations on 22 families in which a young adult member has been diagnosed as manic-depressive, and on 11 families in which a member has been diagnosed as suffering from major schizoaffective disorder. All families could be described as extremely rigid and bound-up systems. Many of them were characterized by a "restrictive parental complementarity" and reciprocal delegation, and they shared certain cognitive features and assumptions. "Manic-depressive" families showed similarities as well as differences when compared with families in which there were schizophrenic and serious psychosomatic disorders.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1986

Distribution of capillary blood flow in rat kidney during postischemic renal failure.

Changes in distribution of intrarenal blood flow were studied in anesthetized rats during the acute phase of postischemic renal failure (1 h renal artery occlusion, 1 h reflow). Distribution of capillary plasma flow was determined by injecting fluorescein-isothiocyanate-globulin and lissamine-rhodamine-B200-globulin 1, 3, or 10 min prior to rapid freezing of the kidney. In histological sections it was possible to differentiate among the vessels perfused during the time of labeling because of their respective fluorescence. In these experiments all glomeruli became labeled within 1 min, although in contrast to the controls, the glomerular capillary network itself was not filled completely in the postocclusion organs. Incomplete labeling was far more pronounced, however, in the postglomerular network of the occlusion experiments. Due to this effect in the cortex and in the medulla, 11 and 58% of tissue, respectively, were found lying at a distance of more than 60 microns from the next vessel labeled after 1 min of dye circulation. In the control experiments there was no tissue within this distance. Prolonging the time of labeling up to 10 min caused little change in this pattern of distribution. In the occlusion experiments, the globulins were observed in nearly all Bowman spaces, but in less than half of the tubular lumina. The results strengthen the view that the ischemic insult leads primarily to disturbance of the postglomerular perfusion, which then results in trophic damage of the tubular system mainly within the renal medulla.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1986

Evidence for a role of prostaglandins in the adrenergic neuromuscular mechanism of the ovarian follicle wall.

Sympathetic nerves innervate smooth muscle cells in the theca externa of Graafian follicles and induce contraction of the follicle wall. The interaction of prostaglandins (PGs) with the function of this neuromuscular complex has been elucidated by the use of isolated strips from the protruding part of the wall of bovine ovarian follicles. PGF2 alpha contracts the strips, and it also potentiates the contractile response to electrical field stimulation of the nerves, but it has no effect on noradrenaline-induced contractions. PGE1 and PGE2 have direct relaxatory actions on the strip preparation (previously given an active contraction by carbamylcholine) and in high doses they, therefore, reduce the contractile response induced by noradrenaline. In low doses not affecting the noradrenaline response, PGE1 and PGE2 both decrease the amount of contraction induced by electric nerve stimulation, indicating an inhibitory action of the PGEs on the transmitter release. It is suggested that the role of PGs in the process of ovulation might, at least partly, be mediated by their interactions with smooth muscle cells and their sympathetic innervation in the wall of the Graafian follicle.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1986

Histamine induces ovulation in the isolated perfused rat ovary.

Ovulatory effects of histamine and specific antagonists were studied in isolated perfused ovaries from immature rats treated with 10 i.u. PMSG to stimulate follicular growth and maturation. Histamine alone, like LH, induced ovulation in all ovaries tested, but the number of follicular ruptures was lower after histamine (7.0 and 2.2 ruptures, respectively, per ovary). The histamine-induced ovulations could be inhibited dose-dependently by the H1-receptor antagonist, pyrilamine, or the H2-antagonists, cimetidine and ranitidine. At the concentrations tested, these antagonists did not, when given separately, reduce the LH-induced ovulations significantly, but pyrilamine and cimetidine in combination lowered the ovulation frequency by 65%. The prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, was not able to block the histamine-induced ovulations.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[New statistical criteria for validation of the antiarrhythmic effects by acute oral testing].

There are no reliable criteria for the evaluation of acute effects after oral application of a high single dose of an antiarrhythmic agent from the analysis of data of 46 patients with frequent complex VPBs suffering from severe organic heart disease (19 CHD, 27 COCM), we developed a new statistical model. Our calculations were based on nine 10 h Holter ECGs (2 controls, 1 placebo test, 6 class 1 antiarrhythmic agent tests) and two 24 h Holter ECGs (1 control, 1 while on chronic treatment) recorded in each patient. Usually reductions in VPB frequency caused by the medication occurred within 1 hour after application and lasted greater than or equal to 4 hours. The VPB reduction in the course of time was assessed by the parameters r and R (r = VPB reduction of the 4 h interval in comparison to the last hour before application, R = VPB reduction of the 4 h interval in comparison with an analogous interval of a control day). Values of r and R greater than or equal to -50% were never observed simultaneously. In contrast, the majority of all patients developed r and R values greater than or equal to -50% after application of an antiarrhythmic agent, and were classified as responders. As shown at a Holter control after 1 week of chronic treatment, the predictive value of a positive test result was good.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Analysis of the accuracy of the Holter system ICR 6201-G3].

UNLABELLED: The accuracy of the Holter System ICR 6201-G3 was investigated by evaluation of 32 Holter recordings taken randomly from the hospital's ECG laboratory. All events were classified into true positive, false positive and false negative diagnoses. Sensitivity (S) and predictive accuracy (PA) were calculated. RESULTS: QRS complexes: S 99.9%, PA 99.9%; supraventricular premature beats: S 98.3%, PA 81.1%; single ventricular premature beats: S 96.8%, PA 97.4%; ventricular couplets: S 96.4%, PA 95.6%; ventricular salvos: S 98.6%, PA 90.8%; pauses: S 100%, PA 91.7%. It is concluded that despite a relatively good overall accuracy of automatic arrhythmia detection, on account of the lower accuracy in the evaluation of all clinically important arrhythmias and of the markedly worse accuracy in some instances, a fully automatic use of the system cannot be recommended. Repetitive ventricular arrhythmias and asystolies must be controlled by hand.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1986

Methimazole-associated cholestatic liver injury: case report and brief literature review.

The authors report a further case of methimazole-associated liver damage and present a brief review of eleven previous cases found in the literature. The main clinical features of this 58-year-old female patient were laboratory evidence of leucopenia and cholestasis, and biopsy features of fatty liver parenchyma degeneration with granulocytic portal infiltration and bile stasis, demonstrated 20 days after the initiation of antithyroid therapy with 20 mg methimazole daily. An immediate cholestatic liver reaction was also provoked by drug rechallenge, with spontaneous amelioration of signs and symptoms after drug discontinuation.

Cholestasis, Intrahepatic↗