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Biomedical subjects

G Schlierf

Publications and source records attributed to G Schlierf.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Pseudohypertriglyceridemia in glycerokinase deficiency].

Falsely high serum triglyceride concentrations (410-850 mg/dl) were measured in four members of a family of five from Franconia in Germany. The cause was hyperglyceridaemia on the basis of glycerol kinase deficiency. None had any symptoms and no other metabolic anomaly was demonstrated. The possibility of glycerol kinase deficiency should be considered in any case of elevated serum triglyceride concentration but with clear serum, normal lipid electrophoresis and lack of response to lipid-lowering measures.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effects of Acipimox on plasma lipids and biliary lipids in healthy subjects.

The effects of Acipimox (5-methylpyracine-2-carboxylic acid-4-oxide, 3 X 250 mg/day) on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and biliary lipids were studied in 14 healthy male volunteers using a double blind cross-over design. There was a significant (P less than 0.05) rise of HDL-cholesterol by 9.8%, while effects on other lipids and lipoproteins were small and insignificant (total cholesterol minus 6.5%, LDL-cholesterol minus 11.8%, free cholesterol minus 4.2%, total triglycerides plus 13.5% and phospholipids plus 3.9%). There was a significant rise of the HDL-cholesterol/LDL-cholesterol ratio by 23.6% (P less than 0.02) and of the HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio by 16% (P less than 0.05). Apolipoproteins AI, AII, and B were not significantly affected. The ratio of HDL-cholesterol/Apo AI increased significantly (P less than 0.05), and the ratio of HDL-cholesterol/Apo AII rose from 1.22 to 1.32 (P less than 0.05), while the ratio LDL-cholesterol/Apo B fell from 1.96 to 1.73. The composition of HDL and LDL, therefore, must have been altered by Acipimox. The relative cholesterol concentration in bile was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased by treatment with Acipimox, while bile acids and phospholipids were not significantly affected. The lithogenic index rose significantly by 15.1% (P less than 0.02) as calculated according to Admirand and Small, while calculations according to Hegard and Dam yielded a slight insignificant rise (P less than 0.1). The findings suggest that treatment with Acipimox might be associated with an increased risk of cholelithiasis. However, only long-term epidemiologic studies can ultimately demonstrate whether or not Acipimox increases the risk of gallstone formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Influences of "normal" and "prudent" diets on biliary and serum lipids in healthy women.

The differential effect of two diets, taken in synchrony with the menstrual cycles for 2 wk each, on serum and bile lipids was investigated in young healthy women. The "normal" diet was high in cholesterol and total fat, and low in polyunsaturated fat and fiber; the "prudent" diet contained a high proportion of polyunsaturated fat and fiber, but was low in cholesterol and total fat; there was little difference in energy content. Both in whole serum and in low-density lipoprotein the concentrations of cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were almost 30% lower with the "prudent" than with the "normal" diet; HDL-cholesterol was 16.3% lower. Triglycerides were increased, only in the very-low-density lipoproteins while cholesterol and apolipoprotein B did not change much in this fraction. The risk to acquire cholesterol gallstones was not less with the use of the "prudent" diet as originally expected. While using the "prudent" diet five of the women had slightly higher lithogenic indices, in two there were much higher values (greater than 25%), and only in three the lithogenic index was unchanged or slightly lower than with the "normal" diet.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Adrenergic regulation of lipolysis in abdominal adipocytes of obese subjects during caloric restriction: reversal of catecholamine action caused by relief of endogenous inhibition.

The effects of adrenaline, noradrenaline, and of the alpha 2- and beta-selective agonists clonidine and isoproterenol were studied in fifteen obese subjects before and after 4 weeks of caloric restriction (300 cal day-1). Basal glycerol release averaged 1.4 mumol (10(6) cells)-1 (180 min)-1 before starvation and 2.8 mumol (10(6) cells)-1 (180 min)-1 during starvation (P less than or equal to 0.1). Before starvation adrenaline and noradrenaline caused a 2-3-fold increase of glycerol release. This lipolytic effect disappeared during starvation. An inhibitory effect of adrenaline was observed instead which was maximal at an adrenaline concentration of 1 mumol 1(-1) (P less than or equal to 0.05). The dose-response relationships of the alpha 2- and beta-selective agents clonidine and isoproterenol were not appreciably changed by caloric restriction. The increase of basal lipolytic rate and the reversal of adrenaline action seen during caloric restriction could be mimicked by removal of endogenous adenosine using adenosine deaminase (1.6 microgram ml-1). In addition, inclusion of N6-phenylisopropyladenosine (1 mumol 1(-1)) into the medium reverted the adrenaline-induced inhibition seen during caloric restriction. The results suggest that local modulators such as adenosine are of primary importance for the apparent change of responsiveness to adrenaline and noradrenaline seen during starvation of human fat cells in vitro.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1985

Diurnal lipid and lipoprotein profiles with bezafibrate and clofibrate in healthy volunteers.

Diurnal lipid and lipoprotein profiles were measured in 28 healthy volunteers after 10-day treatment periods with placebo, bezafibrate (200 mg 3-times daily) or clofibrate (500 mg 3-times daily) in a double-blind, parallel trial. The two drugs lowered fasting triglyceride and cholesterol levels (p less than or equal to 0.05 for cholesterol with bezafibrate vs placebo). Diurnal triglyceride profiles were lowest with bezafibrate due to lowest fasting triglycerides. Alimentary lipaemia with placebo was mild and due to increased VLDL-triglycerides, while the other lipoprotein lipids and total plasma cholesterol remained virtually unchanged during the day. Bezafibrate (half-life 2 hours) and clofibrate (half-life 15 hours) gave similar diurnal triglyceride patterns. The diurnal values were dependent on the fasting values. Changes in the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio during the day may be related to altered post-prandial composition of HDL.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Decreased plasma phosphate under hormonal contraceptives.

Plasma phosphate (Pi) and several indices of Ca-Pi metabolism were measured in 129 randomly selected healthy female individuals of the general population, of whom 59 were on hormonal contraceptives and 70 were not. Fasting plasma Pi was significant (p less than 0.01) lower in those taking hormonal contraceptives (0.96 +/- 0.17 mmol/l) than in those not taking them (1.06 +/- 0.16). Those on hormonal contraceptives had identical age, body weight and UVcr. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was higher in those on hormonal contraceptives, and there was an inverse relationship between blood pressure and plasma Pi. Between those on hormonal contraceptives and those not on them, no significant difference of urinary cAMP (non-hormone 4.69 +/- 1.48 nmol/l GF; hormone 4.43 +/- 1.18) or iPTH could be shown. The present study documents that hormonal contraceptives with estrogen (less than or equal to microgram/dl) decrease plasma Pi and urinary Ca in premenopausal nonosteoporotic women.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Influence of diet on high-density lipoproteins.

Evidence of a relation between diet and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in humans comes from numerous cross-sectional and experimental studies. Evaluation of data from cross-sectional nutrition and health surveys sometimes yields different results for men and women but usually demonstrates positive correlations of HDL cholesterol levels with total energy intake, alcohol consumption, dietary cholesterol and total and animal fat, and negative correlations of HDL with dietary carbohydrates (simple sugars) and, in some instances, plant fats. Short-term dietary manipulation produced confirmatory evidence of a causal relation between diet and HDL with regard to several of these factors; however, there are few long-term data. The underlying mechanisms as well as the relation of HDL manipulation to cardiovascular health are still to be defined, particularly because the functions and fates of the HDL molecule may vary according to its composition and turnover, which are not reflected by the HDL cholesterol concentration. Furthermore, some relations between diet and HDL may only be the result of other metabolic consequences of dietary change, for instance, triglyceride metabolism and other lipoproteins. Although there is consistent evidence that a high HDL cholesterol level is indicative of a low risk of coronary heart disease in industrialized populations, evidence is inconclusive that manipulation of HDL leads to an alteration of risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Prevalence of pathologic vitamin D and parathyroid hormone levels in geriatric patients].

Diseases of the bone have always to be considered in geriatric patients, especially because of the therapeutic consequences in osteomalacia (3/100) and hyperparathyreodism (1/100). Therefore calcium, phosphate and alkaline phosphatase should be measured in geriatric patients. The high prevalence of pathologic vitamin D measurements (78/100) in spring points to the importance of outdoor activities.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Reduced uptake and esterification of free fatty acids during prolonged fasting.

Nine obese women without hyperinsulinemia fasted 22 +/- 2 d under controlled conditions. Blood was drawn weekly and lipids, lipoproteins, and insulin were determined. In five patients an open fat biopsy was performed before and after fasting and the incorporation of free fatty acids (FFA) into total lipids, diglycerides (DG), and triglycerides (TG) was measured. Glycerol release into the medium was also determined. During fasting triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, glucose, and insulin fell considerably. The uptake and esterification of FFA decreased under both basal and stimulated (norepinephrine) conditions (-11 percent to -23 percent). Basal lipolysis increased slightly by 11 percent. Results indicate that fasting-induced changes in adipose tissue metabolism do not account for the decrease in serum triglycerides. The diminished triglyceride synthesis and the enhanced breakdown of triglycerides in adipose tissue do, however, explain the reduction in adipose tissue mass during fasting.

Adipose Tissue↗