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Biomedical subjects

G Schaison

Publications and source records attributed to G Schaison.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Acute leukemia in childhood: present status of 100 cases after 7 years of complete remission (author's transl)].

Amongst 1,200 leukemie children treated between 1958 and 1971, 60 are in complete remission for more than 10 years and 100 for more than 7 years. There were 96 acute lymphoid and 4 acute myeloid leukemias. Ten patients who have relapsed in the past have not done so lately. The F/M sex ratio is 1.5. Poor prognostic features were initially absent in 2/3 of cases. In 1/3 there was associated hyperleucocytosis and/or tumours. 93 children are in remission, their treatment having been stopped for 1 to 12 years. Five children relapsed and 4 are in a second remission for more than 2 years. Two children died in remission: one from a hepatocarcinoma and one from cardiac failure. These patients have been shown to have the following: 1) normal growth; 2) normal puberty: 8 patients have been able to reproduce, giving 10 children, one with multiple malformations; 3) school achievement and later socioprofessional behaviour has been normal. The patients have often sought a medical or paramedical career. Sequelae are minimal, psychological problems being minimal in the child. With the protocols used, mean remission curve shows a plateau after 9 years and complete definitive care is achieved in 92 per cent of patients surviving at 7 years. The very distant future outlook is not known. No other malignant haematological disease has occurred but one child died from a carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Application of the study of prognostic factors to the treatment of childhood (less than 20 years old) acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

405 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were stratified according to age, initial leucocytes count, lymph nodes, liver and spleen size, into three prognostic classes I, II, III. Protocol 08 LA 74 which they were applied included: 1)initial randomization between Prednisone, Vincristine, Daunorubicin or the same plus Cyclophosphamide for induction and reinductions; 2)doses adjustments to prognostic factors, increased doses being given to increased risk patients; 3)comparison between intrathecal Methotrexate and intrathecal Methotrexate plus Ara-C in addition to skull irradiation for CNS prophylaxis; 4)L-Asparaginase consolidation for all patients; 5)maintenance by 6-Mercaptopurine and Methotrexate in all patients and reinductions. The most striking conclusions to date are the improvement for increased risk patients, the frequency of primary testicular relapses contrasting with the low rate of meningitis, the prognostic implication of sex, the influence on remission duration of the number of courses necessary to achieve complete remission, the importance of using Cox Method to improve the identification of prognostic groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Complete remission of acute leukemia for more than seven years. A report on 100 children (author's transl)].

A total of 1200 children were treated for leukemia between 1958 and 1971, and 100 of these cases have had an uninterrupted remission for more than seven years: 10 children who relapsed at an early stage have had no further relapses; 93 are alive and in remission after discontinuation of treatment for between 1 and 12 years. Five of the children relapsed and four of these are in remission again. Two children died, one from a hepatocarcinoma and the other after cardiac failure of late onset. A study of these children showed that: 1 - growth rate was normal, 2 - puberty occurred at a normal age, and procreation was possible as 10 children were born from parents who had recovered after having leukemia, 3 - school-work and subsequent social and occupational behaviour were satisfactory, 4 - late psychological repercussions were absent or mild. Long-term prognosis appears to be good, and no other blood disorder has been reported in those cases that have recovered from the leukemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Thrombocytopenic purpura during heparinotherapy. Two cases (author's transl)].

In two patients treated by heparin for thrombosis, thrombocytopenia under 10 000/cumm occured accompanied with bleeding cud recurrent thrombosis. The demonstration in the patients' serum of a factor inducing platelet aggregation and serotonin release in the presence of heparin suggests that the thrombocytopenia could be of immuno-allergic origin. In both cases, the discontinuation of heparin resulted in clinical and biological improvement. The rare cases of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia reported in the literature are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with hyperleucocytosis: an urgent problem during initial treatment (author's transl)].

The frequency and the severity of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and of metabolic complications during the induction treatment were studied in 62 cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia with initial white blood cell count over 100 000/cu mm. Transient DIC were noted in 20,5% of cases. Metabolic complications were frequent: hyper-uricemia noted in 62% of cases was not the chief problem. Hyperazotemia was noted in 33% of cases and hyperkaliemia in 26% of cases. Hypocalcemia, noted in 34% of cases, was always associated with hyperphosphoremia. Blood glucose was low in 4 cases and increased in 7 cases out of 39.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Deviation in cortisol metabolism induced by rifampicin. Therapeutic consequences in adrenal failure (author's transl)].

Deviation of cortisol metabolism in favour of its 6 beta-hydroxylated derivative was demonstrated in two patients with adrenal failure receiving substitution corticosteroid therapy and rifampicin. The existence of a frank increase in the metabolic clearance antipyrin was in favour of an hepatic enzyme induction. After rifampicin treatment was stopped, the 24 hour urinary excretion of 6 beta-OH-F returned to normal, demonstrating the responsability of the drug. This enzyme induction results in a need to increase the dose of hydrocortisone substitution therapy in patients with Addison's disease treated with rifampicin.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1979

Clinical activity of detorubicin: a new anthracycline derivative.

The anthracycline derivatives are intercalating drugs which are of major importance in the treatment of leukemias and in the management of solid tumors. Structural analogs have been prepared by semisynthetic modifications in an attempt to extend the spectrum of antitumor activity and to reduce toxicity (acute myelosuppression and cardiotoxicity). This report concerns our preliminary clinical experience in 111 patients who received detorubicin. Two dose schedules were used in acute leukemia patients. Sequential doses were active in acute leukemia relapses but the mucous membrane toxicity was excessive; more recently, intermittent doses proved active in acute leukemia relapses (one 6-mg/kg dose) and in a patient with resistant Burkitt's lymphoma. In non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, a complete response rate of 71% was achieved with an intermittent schedule (3 mg/kg/day X 3 weeks). A remarkable shrinkage of skin involvement was also observed. Detorubicin showed a high activity in mycosis fungoides (five regressions among six patients) and some activity in soft tissue sarcomas, osteosarcomas, and various solid tumors.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Fetal risk of cancer chemotherapy (author's transl)].

The risks of embryonic, fetal, gondal damage of cancer chemotherapy are reviewed. Contrasting with the numerous malformations seen in laboratory animals, the teratogenic risk is low in man. Methotrexate is really dangerous during the first trimester of pregnancy. In malignant haematological diseases and solid tumours, the prognosis of the disease is the essential target but the use of immuno-suppressive drugs in non-malignant diseases is hazardous before 40 years of age. All the investigations show that alkylating agents injure the gonads. Young women should be avised to use contraceptives. The future of children born after administration of anti cancer drugs is uncertain. Sterility, carcinogenic risk, mutation, teratogenetic effects in future generations cannot be ruled out.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1979

[Growth hormone deficiency during the course of histiocytoses. A report on a case of Hand-Schuller-Christian disease (author's transl)].

Hand-Schuller-Christian disease frequently products histiocytic localization in the part of the posterior hypothalamus which is responsible for diabetes insipidus. Retarded growth is also relatively frequent and has multiple etiologies. An isolated deficiency in growth hormone (GH) which may be due to localization of the disease in the anterior hypothalamus is much rarer. In the case reported the possibility of this localization was only suspected because of the presence of a hyperprolactinemia. Retarded growth was obviously present but it was difficult to relate this to a GH defian 7 ng/ml. Follow-up examinations did however provide definite proof of a hormonal deficiency. This confirms the notion of partial growth hormone deficiency and the difficulty of providing proof during the usual stimulation tests in some cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Prognostic factors in chronic granulocytic leukemia. A study of 798 cases.

Between 1959 and 1973 were analyzed the records of 798 patients with chronic myelocytic leukemia. Mean survival (MS) for the entire group is 42 months. 342 patients have been followed closely during and after development of blastic transformation. Presence of following symptoms at the time of diagnosis: asthenia, weight loss, bone pain, fever, sweats and digestive disorders is of poor prognosis significance (MS: 36 months, no sign: MS 75 months) (P less than 0.001). Spleen size is also a prognostic factor. MS are respectively 70, 52 and 35 months if initial splenomegaly is moderate (less than 3 cm), marked (less than 6 cm) or tumoral (greater than or equal to 6 cm). Thrombocytopenia (less than 15,000/mm3 or thrombocythemia (greater than 1 million/mm3) have a poor prognosis with median survival 22 months and 28 months. If peripheral blast cells (hemocytoblasts + myeloblasts) exceed 5%, the prognosis is worse; beyond 10% MS is 26 months. In contrast certain factors have better prognosis: hemoglobin greater than or equal to 14 g/100 ml, young age (less than 20 y.) MS: 62 months), female sex and an initial WBC count below 25 x 10(3)/mm3 (MS: 70 months).

Adult↗