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Biomedical subjects

G Scarselli

Publications and source records attributed to G Scarselli.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Enzymes of human cervical mucus: a comparative study on fertile and infertile mucus and on the endocervical epithelium.

We report a comparative study on protein and enzyme content of human periovulatory cervical mucus and endocervical epithelium. The salient results of our investigation are summarized in the following three points: 1) The method of taking of cervical mucus samples may markedly affect the results of protein and enzyme assays. It is warmly advisable to collect mucus samples from the endocervical canal. 2) Cervical mucus from women diagnosed as having cervical-factor infertility is oligoproteic and lacks some enzyme activities always present in normal cases. 3) Human cervical mucus and endocervical epithelium are very similar as for the enzyme distribution, but show quite different LDH-isoenzyme patterns. In the latter tissue, the H subunits constitute about 77 per cent of the whole LDH, suggesting that this enzyme here is functioning to produce pyruvate rather than lactate.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pregnancy following administration of GNRH by means of portable pump: hormonal evaluation before and during therapy.

In a group of three patients affected by severe hypothalamic amenorrhea, gonadotropins behaviour before and during pulsatile GNRH therapy, was investigated with more accuracy for seven cycles. The treatment was administered intravenously with a dosage of 5 ug/90 min. The number of cycles for pregnancy was of 1.75 with a pregnancy rate of 57.1%. The gonadotropins response to an acute test with 100 ug of GNRH performed in the three patients at the 7th day of their first treatment cycle was compared with response to the same test done before the beginning of the pulsatile therapy. Some considerations about the results were suggested.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hyperprolactinemia and 5-alpha-reductase activity.

A number of experimental data indicate that hyperprolactinemia inhibits the activity of 5-alpha-reductase; however, no information is available about the time required for this enzyme to re-activate after prolactinemia has returned to normal values. In the present study, five normal caucasian men, whose fertility had previously been proven, were given HCG (5000 IU/day by intramuscular route for three days) both in basal conditions and after sulpiride-induced hyperprolactinemia (dosage = 200 mg/day for ten days). In both conditions, the plasma levels of prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T), dihydro-testosterone (DHT), 17-beta-estradiol (E2), and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHAS) were monitored during the treatment with HCG and for an additional 24 hrs after HCG discontinuation. All hormones were assayed by RIA. Our results demonstrate that hyperprolactinemia causes a marked decrease (58%) of DHT, a less marked decrease (39%) of T, an increase (43%) of DHAS whereas only a small increase (2%) of E2 was observed. Steroids were shown to behave differently after the HCG tests performed in the two experimental conditions. In particular, the levels of DHT had a much more pronounced increased after HCG in the second test than in the first; in contrast, both DHAS and E2 had a less marked response after the second test. Our data, on the one hand, confirm that 5-alpha-reductase is inhibited by hyperprolactinemia; on the other hand, the hyperprolactinemia-induced block of this enzyme appears to be rapidly reversible because the enzyme is reactivated within 48-72 hrs after normalization of prolactin levels. (Normal values of prolactin were on the average achieved on the 4th day after sulpiride discontinuation).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prediction of ovulation with the assessment of LH and the E1G/P2G ratio in urinary samples.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of two immuno-enzymatic urinary tests (Clearpan for LH secretion and Oveia for E1 G/P2G ratio) in the study of the oophorogenous function, in the prediction of ovulation, and in the recognition of the period of fertility. Both tests are very promising for a retrospective evaluation of the oophorogenous function; for the prediction of ovulation in spontaneous cycle, the Clearpan test is certainly preferable; in the monitoring of the ovulation in the cycles stimulated with post-menopausal gonadotropins, the Oveia test finds better application when accompanied by ultrasonographic evaluation; in the recognition of the fertile period, both tests shown a certain degree of doubt, so they cannot be used with surety.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy.

The role of hysteroscopy for a complete evaluation of luteal phase is discussed by the authors. They affirm that for a thorough evaluation a hysteroscopy may be usefully performed simultaneously to the endometrial biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hysteroscopy for evaluation of tubal ostium pathology.

A comparison between hysterosalpingography and hysteroscopy in the evaluation of tubal ostium pathology is presented by the authors. They stress in particular the role of hysteroscopy in this evaluation.

Endoscopy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cervical cap homologous artificial insemination (AIH): the University of Florence experience.

We report our experience with artificial insemination with husband's semen (AIH) using cervical cap. Forty-four couples were admitted to our AIH program over a two-year period. In 4 couples, AIH was performed due to impotence or hypospadia, while in the remaining 40 couples indications for AIH were abnormal semen, poor post-coital test, anti-sperm antibodies, poor cervical mucus. Overall, six pregnancies were obtained (pregnancy rate = 15%) in the latter group; in particular, AIH was able to elicit pregnancy in 5 out of the 25 cases of abnormal semen (20%). Our data emphasize the importance of female factors associated with infertility since significantly higher pregnancy rates (45.4% versus 0%) were observed in subjects in whom these factors were absent.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The MAR test as immunologic screening of male infertility.

The mixed antiglobulin reaction was developed for detection of platelet antibody and then modified to demonstrate antibodies on spermatozoa. We have used the test as a simple method of screening for antibodies in the male, performing the test during the analysis of semen samples. We evaluated 320 samples from partners of sterile couples attending our Sterility centers. The IgG MAR test was not applicable to 82 samples because the sperm concentration and sperm motility was not sufficient. In all uncertain, positive and firmly positive cases of MAR test and in 50 negative cases of IgG MAR test, as control group we performed MAR test for IgA. We correlate our results with the sperm test penetration, SCMC test and identification of antisperm antibodies test and Isojima test for sperm immobilizing antibodies. Our results reconfirm the utility of IgG MAR test as screening test for the presence of antibodies but its positiveness requires the performance of IgA MAR test and, if necessary, of other tests in order to diagnose sterility depending on immunologic factors.

Antibodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma concentrations of FSH and testosterone in male infertile patients.

We studied the statistical distribution of the plasma concentrations of FSH and testosterone in patients with oligoazoospermia as compared with normospermic subjects. The plasma concentration of FSH was determined in 429 patients with oligoazoospermia and 282 normospermic subjects ("controls"). In 118 out of these 429 patients and in 47 of the 282 controls, the plasma concentration of testosterone was also measured. The plasma concentrations of FSH differed significantly depending on the patients' values of spermatic concentration. The most significant difference was observed between azoospermic patients and controls, whereas the difference between patients with mild oligospermia and controls was not significant. Conversely, the plasma concentrations of testosterone did not correlate with the values of spermatic concentration and even the difference between azoospermic patients and controls did not reach the significance level. In addition, testosterone plasma concentrations did not differ between two sub-groups of patients who were defined depending on whether the plasma concentration of FSH was normal or high. Our findings confirm the inverse relation between plasma FSH levels and spermatic concentration which had already been observed in previous studies. However, a considerable overlap in the plasma concentrations of FSH has been found between sub-groups of patients with different spermatic concentrations. This overlap limits the clinical usefulness of the measurement of FSH concentration inasmuch as normal FSH plasma levels may often be associated with any value of spermatic concentration. Also, our data confirm that the measurement of testosterone plasma levels provides little clinical usefulness in male infertile patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic phospholipid liposomes administration and ovarian function.

In the past years, hypothalamic phospholipids (H-PL) have been used therapeutically for their behavioral effects. The major pharmacological effect of H-PLs is that they increase the turnover rate of biogenic amines in the brain. Previous studies have also shown that a single i.v. dose of H-PL may influence tha plasma levels of gonadotropins, prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH). Since data have not yet been published concerning the effects, if any, of chronic i.m. administration of H-PL on the ovarian function, the present study was undertaken to gain insight into this issue. Four women were studied. Each subject was given H-PLs by i.m. injection from the 5th to the 20th day of the cycle at the dose of 100 mg/day. Blood samples were repeatedly taken over this period to measure the plasma concentrations of FSH, LH, E2, PRL, and progesterone. GH administration, no side-effects were noted in any of the subjects studied. All subjects presented normal plasma levels of FSH, LH, E2, PRL, and progesterone. GH demonstrated some upward fluctuations, which always regressed rapidly. Our findings demonstrate that chronic H-PL administration at therapeutic doses does not influence the ovarian cycle in women. In the light of our data, it appears that different hormonal effects are elicited by a single i.v. high-dose administration of H-PLs as compared with those produced by chronic i.m. treatment at therapeutic doses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hysteroscopic evaluation of intrauterine progesterone contraceptive system as a treatment for abnormal uterine bleeding.

Intrauterine Progesterone Contraceptive System has been used in twenty patients aged 45 to 52, affected by dysfunctional uterine bleeding due to glandular hyperplasia (6 cases), focal glandular hyperplasia (8 cases), cystic hyperplasia (4 cases) and adenomatous hyperplasia (2 cases). Hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy were performed every two months after insertion of IPCS. Complete regression or clear improvement were observed in all cases. The question if regression may be considered permanent or temporary remains to be answered.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Post conception failures in reproduction: infectious diseases and immunitary problems.

The mechanism by which early abortions may be caused by infections disease or immunological problems are discussed by the Authors. Among the first group of causes, syphilitic infections, rubela, viral diseases and others are examined. Immunological problems which may lead to early abortions are then discussed in the more complex context of mother/embryo interactions, examined also on the basis of experimental models. All the hypotheses which may explain refusal of embryo are examined, but the Authors stress the fact that also in proven cases of immunological refusal of pregnancy, the question of the usefulness of immunological therapy remains unanswered.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The response of serum and seminal plasma prolactin to bromocriptine in normal men.

The Authors describe their experience with a group of twelve volunteer healthy men in order to evaluate if the bromocriptine inhibition of serum prolactin concentration also modifies seminal plasma PRL values. The results of this study lead us to suppose that PRL in semen could arrive from serum by a filtration process through the prostatovescicular apparatus.

Adult↗