[Long-term results of various surgical methods in fresh and chronic injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament].
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Chronic Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
G Sauer
Publications and source records attributed to G Sauer.
Reversion of bovine papillomavirus-induced transformation and immortalization by a xanthate compound.
Bovine papilloma virus-transformed hamster embryo fibroblasts (HEF-BPV) reacted to exposure to tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate (D609) with immediate reversion to the growth kinetics and the flat morphology of the untransformed parental cells. After six population doublings in the presence of D609, clones which displayed an untransformed morphology in the absence of D609 arose with a high frequency (90%). Such clones had reacquired a limited in vitro lifetime and had lost the ability to induce tumors in athymic nude mice. At the molecular level the revertant clones had lost all extrachromosomal monomeric BPV-1 DNA molecules. Only high molecular weight (HMW) oligomeric BPV-1 DNA that was probably integrated into the cellular genome was still detectable in a methylated transcriptionally inactive state. In contrast to transformed cells, the revertant clones no longer transcribed BPV-1-specific mRNA molecules, but were stimulated by a tumor promoter to transient viral gene expression. This article provides direct evidence for the complete reversibility of the property of "immortality".
Animals↗
Papillomavirus genomes in human cervical tumors: analysis of their transcriptional activity.
Four of six human cervical carcinoma biopsies were shown to contain the DNA of the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) covalently linked with the tumor cell DNA. HPV-16-specific mRNA species were observed in only one of the four tumors. No such sequences were found in the three other specimens in conditions that permitted the detection of less than one mRNA molecule per cell. It is concluded that maintenance of the malignant nature of these cervical tumors does not depend on the continuous transcriptional activity of HPV-16.
DNA, Neoplasm↗
The therapeutic efficacy of a xanthate compound on herpes simplex virus in skin lesions of mice and guinea-pigs.
Xanthates have recently been shown to inhibit the replication of both DNA and RNA viruses in vitro. The antiviral activity was exerted only under acidic pH conditions. Curative effects in vivo on herpes simplex virus (HSV)-induced skin lesions were only observed when the xanthate compound was administered in the form of an ointment containing acidic buffer (sodium phosphate pH 5.0). Advanced HSV-2-induced skin lesions in mice were healed by topical treatment with the xanthate compound. HSV-1-induced lesions on skin of guinea-pigs were cured within 2 days even when the treatment was initiated as late as 4 days after infection. Both HSV-1 DNA synthesis and virus production in the skin of guinea-pigs were also shown to be inhibited after treatment with the xanthate compound.
Acyclovir↗
[Follow-up of patients with anterior wall aneurysms using radionuclide ventriculography].
32 patients with a large anterolateral aneurysm were studied by using biplane ventricular angiography and rest and exercise radionuclide ventriculography (gated-blood-pool method). The correlation coefficient of biplane ejection fraction by angiography and radionuclide ventriculography was poor (r = 0.65), but repeated investigations and interobserver comparison showed nearly identical values, therefore we used the gated-blood-pool method (GBP) for follow-up investigations in patients with an aneurysm of the anterolateral wall. 11 patients were studied before and 17 +/- 6 months after left ventricular aneurysmectomy. Resting ejection fraction (LVEF) increased significantly from 28 +/- 8 to 38 +/- 8% (p less than 0.005), but exercise LVEF did not. In 21 patients with medical therapy the second GBP measurement after 16 +/- 6 months showed so significant changes in biplane LVEF (33 +/- 9 and 31 +/- 7%, respectively). During exercise LVEF remained unchanged after aneurysmectomy but increased slightly by 5% (p less than 0.05) in the medically treated group. The regional wall motion was unchanged in patients with medical therapy, but after aneurysmectomy there was a significant increase in local ejection fractions in the anterolateral, apical and posterolateral region. The gated-blood-pool methods is suitable for the determination of left ventricular function in patients with anterolateral aneurysm and may be used for follow-up studies. Left ventricular aneurysmectomy is effective in improving resting ventricular function, whereas in patients with medical therapy LV function remains unchanged.
Cardiac Output↗
Novel 8 alpha-ergolines with inhibitory and stimulatory effects on prolactin secretion in rats.
Four derivatives of the ergot dopamine (DA) agonist lisuride (LIS), namely 6-n-propyl-lisuride (6-n-propyl-LIS), transdihydrolisuride (TDHL), 6-n-propyl-transdi-hydrolisuride (6-n-propyl-TDHL) and 2-bromolisuride (2-Br-LIS) were investigated in female rats with regard to their influence on hyperprolactinaemia induced by pretreatment with reserpine (2 mg/kg i.p., 24 h) at various intervals following their subcutaneous or oral administration (0.05 mg/kg). Two hours after administration, LIS, 6-n-propyl-LIS, and 6-n-propyl-TDHL caused a statistically significant inhibition of reserpine-induced hyperprolactinaemia of about the same extent. Eight hours after administration 6-n-propyl-LIS and 6-n-propyl-TDHL were as active as after 2 h in inhibiting prolactin (PRL) secretion whereas LIS was almost ineffective in this respect. TDHL caused a statistically significant inhibition of PRL secretion at 2 and 8 h after oral administration; this effect was less pronounced after s.c. administration. In contrast to the aforementioned derivatives 2-Br-LIS further increased the reserpine-induced hyperprolactinaemia. In normal male rats pretreatment with 2-Br-LIS (0.025-6.25 mg/kg s.c., 2 h) dose-dependently stimulated PRL secretion. The present data support the assumption of the longlasting DA agonistic action of 6-n-propyl-LIS and 6-n-propyl-TDHL and of the antidopaminergic properties of 2-Br-LIS recently derived from behavioural studies.
Animals↗
Binding studies in the Lurcher mutant suggest an uneven distribution of putative benzodiazepine receptor subclasses in the mouse cerebellum.
Binding studies using [3H]flunitrazepam in the cerebellum of normal and Lurcher mutant mice indicate that about 90% of the total benzodiazepine receptor population reside on the Purkinje and granule cells. Moreover, the specific binding of the BZ1 receptor subclass specific ligand [3H]propyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate suggests that neuronal elements of the mouse cerebellum other than the Purkinje and granule cells contain about 18% of the BZ1 receptors but only about 7% of the BZ2 receptors of the mouse cerebellum.
Animals↗
DNA and RNA virus species are inhibited by xanthates, a class of antiviral compounds with unique properties.
Various DNA and RNA virus species are inhibited by xanthate compounds at concentrations that leave the mitotic activity of uninfected cells unimpaired. The concentration of tricyclodecan -9-yl- xanthogenate that reduces the yield of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 by 50% is between 4.5 and 33 microM. The replication of DNA viruses such as simian virus 40 can be blocked at the DNA and RNA level both early and late after infection. The xanthates are not incorporated into nucleic acids. Episomal bovine papilloma virus DNA replication and transcription are also inhibited in transformed cells. The treated cells revert to the normal phenotype by acquisition of contact inhibition and a flat morphology.
Antiviral Agents↗
Transcription of episomal papillomavirus DNA in human condylomata acuminata and Buschke-Löwenstein tumours.
Condylomata acuminata and Buschke-Löwenstein tumours were analysed for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) transcripts. HPV DNA and RNA sequences were present in all 13 samples investigated. Ten contained HPV6 and three harboured HPV11. The HPV genomes were found exclusively as extrachromosomal circular molecules. In six biopsy specimens, viral RNA transcripts were not detectable by Northern blot analysis but could be demonstrated in dot blots. From seven HPV6-containing samples it was possible to obtain sufficient amounts of undegraded mRNA. We have found consistently one major species (1.4 kb). Less prominent species of 1.7, 1.85, 2.7 and 3.2 kb, respectively, were also detected. The 3' ends of the HPV6 mRNAs were located between nucleotides 3917 and 4441 in the putative early region and between nucleotides 7232 and 7696 in the putative late region. The arrangement of the 3' termini and the adjacent coding areas within the HPV6 genome show that the RNA species are transcribed from one DNA strand.
Base Sequence↗
The physical state of hybrid genomes containing simian virus 40 and bovine papilloma virus DNA sequences in transformed clonal cell lines.
To test whether the covalent linkage of simian virus 40 (SV40) A gene DNA sequences might lead to integration of bovine papilloma virus type 1 (BPV-1) DNA sequences, recombinant pBR322 plasmids containing both the transforming region of the BPV-1 genome and the SV40 A gene were used for transformation of rodent cells. Plasmids containing both regions transformed with higher efficiency than plasmids containing either region alone. Various clonal cell lines were established and examined with regard to the physical state and the expression of the viral DNA sequences. BPV-1 RNA sequences were detected and the SV40 T-antigen was expressed. The plasmid sequences persisted in all cases in an unintegrated state. In no case was it possible to find evidence for integration of BPV-1 sequences.
Animals↗
Reagent for the enzymatic determination of serum total triglycerides with improved lipolytic efficiency.
A fully enzymatic assay is described for the determination of triglycerides. The coupled activities of triacylglycerol acylhydrolase and glycerol kinase result in the formation of glycerol-3-phosphate. The system also contains L-alpha-glycerol-phosphate oxidase, which produces hydrogen peroxide from glycerol-3-phosphate, and a sensitive chromogenic indicator system, consisting of peroxidase, 4-chlorophenol and 4-aminophenazone. We evaluated this method with respect to kinetics, linearity, blank rates, precision, accuracy, reagent stability and interfering substances. The accuracy of the triglyceride assay demands that each enzymatic reaction step be complete and homogeneous. We therefore developed HPTLC-1) and HPLC-2) methods to monitor the course and completeness of each step.
Chromatography, Liquid↗
[Evaluation of a combined fixed-removable denture--results of a follow-up study].
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Denture Design↗
[Occlusion of the right coronary artery with acute right heart infarct and cardiogenic shock].
In a 42-year-old patient with an acute inferior infarction the right coronary artery was recanalised by intracoronary streptokinase 4 hours after the onset of symptoms. In spite of early reperfusion the patient developed an extensive myocardial infarction and died three days later from cardiogenic shock. Autopsy revealed an almost complete necrosis of the right ventricle including the inferior interventricular septum and the adjacent left ventricular wall. Diagnostic and therapeutic problems in the so-called dominant right ventricular infarction are discussed.
Adult↗
[A new method for the replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament].
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Humans↗
Central antidopaminergic properties of 2-bromolisuride, an analogue of the ergot dopamine agonist lisuride.
2-Bromolisuride (2-Br-LIS), a derivative of the ergot dopamine (DA) agonist lisuride, was investigated in rodents in comparison with the DA antagonist haloperidol with regard to its influence on DA related behaviour, cerebral DA metabolism and prolactin (PRL) secretion. 2-Br-LIS produced catalepsy in mice (ED50 3.3 mg/kg i.p.), antagonized apomorphine-induced stereotypies in mice (ED50 0.4 mg/kg i.p.), antagonized DA agonist-induced stereotypies in rats (0.1-1.56 mg/kg i.p.), inhibited locomotor activity in rats (0.025-6.25 mg/kg i.p.), antagonized the hyperactivity produced by various DA agonists in rats (0.025-6.25 mg/kg i.p.) and inhibited the apomorphine-induced hypothermia in mice (0.05-0.78 mg/kg i.p.). 2-Br-LIS (0.03-10 mg/kg i.p.) stimulated DA biosynthesis and DOPAC formation in the striatum and DA rich limbic system of rats, but had no effect on serotonin turnover. In striatum and limbic forebrain of gamma-butyrolactone-pretreated rats 2-Br-LIS reversed the apomorphine-induced inhibition of DOPA accumulation. 2-Br-LIS (0.03 - 3 mg/kg) enhanced PRL secretion in intact male rats. These findings indicate DA antagonistic properties of 2-Br-LIS presumably due to blockade of central pre- and postsynaptic DA receptors being of approximately the same order of potency as haloperidol. 2-Br-LIS is the first ergot compound with definite antidopaminergic properties suggesting its potential usefulness as a neuroleptic.
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
The simultaneous extraction of high-molecular-weight DNA and of RNA from solid tumors.
A novel method for the isolation of both macromolecular DNA and RNA from solid tissues based upon the disruption by vibration of deep-frozen material in a mechanical device termed Mikro-dismembrator, is described. This technique reveals a yield of, on the average, 1 to 3 mg of either DNA or RNA per gram of tissue. The quality of the purified nucleic acids permits the detailed analysis of integrated tumor virus DNA sequences and their mRNA transcripts. Furthermore, the efficient isolation of papilloma virions from keratinized wart tissue is facilitated by the application of the Mikro-dismembrator.
Animals↗
High dose intravenous streptokinase in acute myocardial infarction.
Early recanalization of infarct-related coronary arteries has been attempted in 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and angiographically proven total occlusion by brief high dose intravenous streptokinase infusion (IVSK). In 24 patients (60%) recanalization was achieved after 48 +/- 14 min of IVSK at an infusion rate of 30,000 to 40,000 IU/min (group A), in 16 patients there was a late (greater than 2 h) or no recanalization (group B). The total dose of SK was 1.7 +/- 0.48 Mio IU in group A and 1.74 +/- 0.41 Mio IU in group B, the time from the onset of symptoms to peak myocardial enzyme of creatine phosphokinase (CKMB) 11 +/- 3 h in group A and 22 +/- 6 h in group B (p less than 0.001). Biplane left ventricular ejection fraction increased from 55 +/- 9% at the time of acute angiography to 58 +/- 10% after 14 to 24 days in group A (p less than 0.1) and decreased from 49 +/- 11 to 41 +/- 11% in group B (p less than 0.005). There were four reocclusions in group A, two could be reopened by i.v. urokinase (1 Mio IU over 30 min). During a follow-up period of 18 +/- 8 months one patient in group A died from an early ventricular rupture 2 hours after recanalization, and one patient in group B from heart failure 7 months after IVSK. There was no serious bleeding or other complication related to IVSK. We conclude that IVSK is an effective and safe means of early recanalization of coronary thrombosis in AMI, and feasible in the majority of patients with AMI.
Adult↗
Isolation of episomal bovine papillomavirus chromatin and identification of a DNase I-hypersensitive region.
The investigation of papillomavirus chromatin has been hampered by the unavailability of a tissue culture system for vegetative growth of these viruses. We have used, therefore, bovine papillomavirus type 1-transformed hamster embryo fibroblasts containing 200 to 250 episomal genome equivalents per cell as a source of viral chromatin. The selectively isolated chromatin was shown to be slightly larger (80S) than the mature simian virus 40 chromatin, which was cosedimented in a sucrose density gradient. Both Fo I and Fo II were present in the bovine papillomavirus type 1 chromatin. A fast-sedimenting fraction, whose structure is still unknown, also contained oligomeric bovine papillomavirus type 1 DNA. By in situ DNase digestion of isolated nuclei and subsequent cleavage of the bovine papillomavirus type 1 DNA with various restriction endonucleases, a major DNase-hypersensitive region was detected in the chromatin. This region, comprising approximately 320 base pairs, is located between the relative physical map positions 0.88 and 0.92.
Animals↗