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Biomedical subjects

G Santini

Publications and source records attributed to G Santini.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Comparative in vitro activity of eight antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and infrequently isolated gram-negative bacilli.

Seventy-eight Gram-negative non-fermentative bacilli have been tested against eight antimicrobial agents (wide spectrum penicillins, newer generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of each compound were determined by microdilution technique. Ceftazidime showed higher antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

High-dose chemotherapy and non-frozen autologous bone marrow transplantation in relapsed advanced lymphomas or those resistant to conventional chemotherapy.

Ten patients with advanced, diffuse Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas responding poorly to the most widely employed primary chemotherapy regimens were treated with a high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) followed by rescue with non-frozen autologous bone marrow infusion (ABMT). Complete remission (CR) was obtained in seven of ten patients (70%) and partial remission in two. Hemopoietic recovery occurred in nine cases. These preliminary results appear to indicate that HDC and non-frozen ABMT may be successfully used in patients with resistant or relapsed lymphomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Enumeration of human lymphocyte subsets by monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry: a comparative study using whole blood or mononuclear cells separated by density gradient centrifugation.

Enumeration of lymphocyte subpopulations by combined use of flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies is influenced by the separation method used. T or B lymphocyte antigen frequencies do not differ in samples of whole blood or after separation on Ficoll-Paque or Percoll, but there is a significant increase of Leu+ Leu11+ lymphocytes showing strong natural killer activity at the sample-separation medium interface. At the bottom of the tubes a selective loss of OKT+, Leu7+, Leu11- cells is found; at this level cytotoxicity is very low. Our data suggest that Leu7+ cells could be subdivided into 2 subpopulations differing in reactivity with the monoclonal antibody to Leu11, natural killer activity and density. Differences observed in the percentages of Leu7+, Leu11+ lymphocytes between whole blood and separated cells could be due to an enrichment produced by centrifugation or to the presence in whole blood of a factor interfering with antibody binding.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Cefoperazone versus cefotaxime, plus amikacin or sisomicin, in fever and infection in hematologic granulocytopenic patients.

Forty patients with leukemia or aplastic anemia were randomized to receive one of the following antibiotic regimens at the onset of fever during granulocytopenia: cefoperazone + amikacin (regimen A), cefoperazone + sisomicin (regimen B), cefotaxime + amikacin (regimen C), cefotaxime + sisomicin (regimen D). All patients were receiving gut decontamination at the time of randomization. Patients were monitored twice weekly with swabs and cultures for bacteria and fungi. Overall, there were 56 febrile episodes: 31 were proven bacterial, 3 were probable, and 16 were of unknown origin. Response rates were comparable in all 4 treatment regimens: 90%, 91%, 92% and 92%, respectively. Three patients died of bacterial infections (2 Gram+, 1 Gram-), one patient died with probable infection, 6 febrile episodes were related to fungal infection (Candida), and 2 patients died. The mortality rate was comparable in all groups. Two patients died of renal failure. Abnormalities in liver function tests were observed, but were without consequences. There were no statistical differences in renal-hepatic toxicity in the 4 arms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Torulopsis glabrata peritonitis complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: successful management with oral 5-fluorocytosine.

We report two cases of fungal peritonitis caused by Torulopsis glabrata, an uncommon opportunistic pathogen, in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The general clinical characteristic of T glabrata peritonitis was comparable to previously reported cases of Candida peritonitis. Although appropriate therapy of fungal peritonitis in patients undergoing CAPD still remains controversial, both for the drug of choice and for the dosage to be used, our study indicates that a 5-week course of oral 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) may obviate the need to remove the peritoneal catheter during the management of peritonitis caused by susceptible strains of T glabrata.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Chronic T lymphocytic leukaemia: antigenic, morphological and functional properties of the neoplastic lymphocytes.

We describe 2 cases of T cell leukaemia. Both patients react with OKT 4 monoclonal antibody, while their clinical course, surface markers and in vitro immunological reactivity present opposite behaviour. The cells of 1 patient react with all pan T cell markers (OKT 3, OKT 11, Leu 1), from E and Ea rosettes and respond well to mitogens. This patient does not present liver, spleen or lymph node enlargement; white cell count is stable and no other haematological alterations are present. The cells from the 2 patient are unreactive with OKT 3 and are unable to form Ea rosettes. The response to mitogens is almost abolished. The disease has an aggressive clinical course with progressively increasing blood leucocyte count and infiltration of liver and spleen. These data suggest that the study of antigenic and functional properties of T CLL may be useful to better define the biologic characteristics and the prognostic criteria of the disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Immunological characterization of renal glycosuria patients.

We have evaluated the autoantibody pattern, the production of specific immunoglobulins against bacteria in the urinary tract and lymphocytes populations in peripheral blood of primary renal glycosuria patients. All the affected members present autoantibodies against various antigens. In nine patients immunofluorescence revealed antibody coated bacteria in urine specimens. Imbalances in lymphocytes subpopulations are also present, with a reduction of OKT8+ cells and an increase of B and natural killer cells. These results support previous observations about immunological abnormalities in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of severe aplastic anemia with sequential immunosuppression.

Forty-two patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) were treated with immunosuppressive therapy (IS) consisting of one or more courses of the following regimens: a) high dose bolus 6 methylprednisolone (BMPr); b) horse antilymphocytic globulin (HALG); c) rabbit ALG (RALG); d) ALG followed by the infusion of haploidentical marrow (ALG +/- BM); e) BMPr in combination with HALG; f) ALG in combination with androgens. All patients received one initial course of IS: 16 (38%) showed hematologic reconstitution and required no further transfusions, of 26 refractory patients 4 died, and 22 received a second course of IS 60 days after the first course. Of these 22, 6 (27%) responded, and of the 16 refractory patients, 9 died, and 7 received a third course of IS 60 days after the second course. Two of these responded (28%), 3 died and 2 are alive but pancytopenic. The overall response rate is 24/42 patients (57%): all of these patients are transfusion independent 6-60 months post-treatment, and 17 are off maintenance therapy with low dose steroids. The actuarial 5 year survival is currently 60%; 13/26 surviving patients have been followed for more than 3 years. The present study confirms that over 50% of patients with SAA can recover from their aplasia following IS treatment, and this is of relevance for patients who can not be offered a bone marrow transplant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Comparative evaluation of 3 miniaturized systems (API 20E, Enterotube II, Sensititre AP60) commonly used in clinical microbiology laboratories].

API 20E, Enterotube II, Sensititre AP60 have been evaluated. Some biochemical tests (lysine, ornithine, VP, H2S, adonitol , arabinose, citrate) have revealed significative differences among three systems. The total correlations about bacterial identifications have been very similar. The repetibility of identifications of strains isolated from clinical specimens has been 98.7% for Enterotube and API 20E, 95.5% for Sensititre . The biochemical tests have revealed repetibility greater than or equal to 94%, citrate repetibility instead has been 91%.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison of AMS and MS-2 in the identification and antibiotic sensitivity of clinically isolated bacterial strains].

282 clinical bacterial strains have been identified with AMS and MS-2. Among biochemical tests only lysine, adhonitol , glucose did not show significant differences. The overall correlation has been 86.3%. The results of the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents on 98 bacterial strains revealed an overall agreement of 79.3%, an essential agreement of 91%.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Phenotypic relations with regard to pyocin sensitivity, of 191 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in a hospital environment].

191 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from clinical specimens, were tested by passive and active pyocin typing. The results of passive typing were computerized and a final dendrogram, with its peculiar similarity levels between the single strains, was obtains. This study will permit to build a system, to mark out the Pseudomonas strains, through active pyocin typing or through passive pyocin typing.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1981

Severe aplastic anaemia: correlation of in vitro test with clinical response to immunosuppression in 20 patients.

Colony formation in agar (CFU-c) was studied in 20 patients with severe aplastic anaemia by three different assays: (1) cultures of light density untreated marrow cells; (2) cultures of marrow cells manipulated in order to enhance colony formation (pretreatment with antilymphocytic globulin, ALG, or 6-methylprednisolone, 6-MPr, T cell depletion, adherent cell (AC) depletion, depletion of both AC and T cells), and (3) co-culture of putative suppressor T cells with autologous T-depleted marrow cells. By the first assay, all patients showed poor colony formation (1 +/- 1.5 colonies/10(5) cells; normal controls 46 +/- 18 colonies/10(5) cells). By the second assay, ALG and 6-MPr had no significant effect on colony formation. Removal of adherent cells proved equally without effect on colony growth. On the contrary, removal of T cells enhanced significantly (P less than 0.001) colony formation in 10 out of 20 patients. By the third assay, colony formation of marrow cells (deprived of T lymphocytes) was inhibited by the addition of autologous T cells in six patients studied. All patients were given high dose bolus 6-MPr as first treatment on admission: only patients who had detectable suppressor T cells in their marrow achieved a complete autologous haematologic reconstitution after 6-MPr or after 6-MPr and ALG. The results of this study indicate the detection of CFU-c/suppressor T cells correlates with responses to immunosuppressive regimens, and may thus help to identify patients with immune mediated aplastic anaemia.

Adolescent↗