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Biomedical subjects

G Sakellariou

Publications and source records attributed to G Sakellariou.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Cancer in renal transplant recipients.

The incidence of cutaneous malignancies and non-Hodgkin lymphomas is higher in transplant recipients than in the general population. From 1968 to 1984, 200 kidney grafts were transplanted to 180 patients with end-stage renal disease. All patients were on azathioprine (Aza) and prednisolone. In selected cases ALG and/or small doses of CsA were added. Six patients developed malignant tumors (two Kaposi sarcoma, one squamous cell and one squamous plus basal cell skin cancers, one reticulosarcoma, and one glioma). Mean age of patients was 43 years (range 35-53 years), and mean time of appearance of the tumor after transplantation was 62 months (range 24-98 months). Treatment consisted of reduction of the dosage of Aza, surgical removal or local irradiation of the tumor, and chemotherapy in case of systemic involvement (two cases). Three patients died (one Kaposi sarcoma, one reticulosarcoma, and one glioma) 3 to 6 months after diagnosis, and all three had previously been on high doses of Aza. The remaining three cases (one Kaposi) were cured by stopping or decreasing Aza, by excision, and/or local irradiation of the tumor. It seems that late diagnosis and Aza in high dosage are the main factors leading to the rapid dissemination of the initially localized tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Changes in left ventricular anatomy during haemodialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and after renal transplantation.

The changes in left ventricular anatomy in 30 patients with end-stage renal disease and stable cardiac function, undergoing regular haemodialysis (10 patients), continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (10 patients) and after successful renal transplantation (10 patients) were evaluated by M-mode echocardiography. Initially all had evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation. Reevaluation after a mean follow-up of 22 months on each mode of treatment showed that in the haemodialysis group the left ventricular mass and volume were increased, while in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and, especially renal transplantation, the hypertrophy and dilatation were reversed. This improvement was probably due to a reduction of cardiac workload.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Urinary tract infections after renal transplantation.

From 1980 to 1983, 69 patients (36 male) with end-stage renal disease underwent kidney transplantation (11 from cadaveric donors). Twenty-six out of 69 (17 male) with a mean age of 37 years (range 16-50 years) developed 69 UTI episodes. The standard immunosuppressive regimen consisted of prednisolone and azathioprine and, in selected cases, antilymphocyte globulin or cyclosporin A were given for a short period of time. Thirty-five episodes (50%) occurred within two months of the operation. The most commonly isolated bacteria were E. coli (28 cases), Ps. aeruginosa (16) and Proteus mirabilis (9). Kidney graft dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, urological complications and antirejection treatment were the main predisposal factors. Recurrence or reinfections were finally diagnosed in 19/26 patients (73%). Thirteen patients presented with asymptomatic bacteriuria (55% of episodes). Aminoglycosides, ureidopenicillins and third-generation cephalosporins were found to be very effective for treating severely ill, febrile patients. In addition, trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole and mecillinam were useful for patients on long-term chemotherapy. There were no deaths or impairment of the renal graft function directly attributable to the urinary infection. In conclusion, UTIs are a very common cause of morbidity in kidney graft recipients, with the highest incidence in the early post-transplant period. Recurrences or reinfections occur often and asymptomatic bacteriuria is a common finding which needs not be treated aggressively in the absence of symptoms or obstructive uropathy. Patient and graft survival in the long term remain unaffected by the presence of the urinary infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The effect of preventive administration of verapamil on acute ischaemic renal failure in dogs.

In 15 healthy mongrel dogs the kidneys were exposed bilaterally, the renal pedicle was clamped on one side (control kidneys) and verapamil, 0.5 mg/kg body weight, was given intravenously. Ten minutes later the renal pedicle on the other side was clamped (verapamil group). At the end of a 60-minute ischaemic period, blood flow was re-established. The mean time to initiation of diuresis was shorter in the verapamil group and creatinine clearance was significantly higher. At the end of the two-hour experiment the mean fractional excretion of sodium and the mean urinary excretion of LDH were higher in the control group. CNa, CK, Cosm and Curea were significantly higher in the verapamil group during the two-hour period of study after revascularisation. On a statistical basis 60 minute acute ischaemic renal failure is significantly modified by the administration of verapamil.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1978

Effect of furosemide on acut ischaemic renal failure in the dog.

The effect of furosemide on the development of the acute ischaemic renal failure in the dog was studied. 11 canine kidneys were used as controls (group I) and 12 as a group where furosemide (6-8 mg/kg of body weight) was given (group II) immediately after releasing the clamps. Urine volume and sodium clearance were found significantly higher in the second group of kidneys during a period of 60 min after restoration of the blood flow to the kidney. Urea clearances remained low with no noted difference between the 2 groups. By the end of the first hour osmolar and potassium clearances were found to be significantly higher in the second group. The above findings suggest that furosemide given after an induction of acute ischaemic renal failure in the dog provides, up to the 1st hour after recirculation, some benefit in water and solute excretion but no benefit in urea clearance.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glomerular filtration rate estimation in renal transplant patients based on serum cystatin-C levels: comparison with other markers of glomerular filtration rate.

PURPOSE: The assessment of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the most commonly used test of renal function. Cystatin-C, a cysteine protease inhibitor, which can be measured by light-scattering immunoassay, possesses many of the attributes required of the ideal GFR marker. Conversely, many endogenous markers that are widely used for the estimation of GFR such as serum creatinine (SCr) are not ideal. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical application of serum cystatin-C (CysC) as a new marker of GFR in renal transplant patients. METHODS: Eighteen patients (9 men) were enrolled in the study (mean age: 46.35, range: 31-67 years) to measure serum CysC levels and compare them, with SCr, creatinine clearance (CCr), as well as the Cockcroft-Gault equation (CG) or the MDRD as indicator of GFR. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between CysC and other markers. RESULTS: There was a significant negative correlation between serum CysC and CCr (r = -0.768). Moreover, the CysC level was negatively correlated with CG (r = -0.854), positively correlated with SCr (r = 0.629), and negatively correlated with MDRD (r = -0.604). CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that measurement of serum cystatin-C was useful and accurate to estimate GFR in renal transplant patients. The recent literature confirms our data although there are concerns about nonrenal influence on this test. Although serum CysC can generally be recommended as a marker for GFR, our study is still in progress seeking to validate the conclusions in a larger number of patients.

Adult↗