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Biomedical subjects

G Saillant

Publications and source records attributed to G Saillant.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Recent rupture of the patellar tendon. Apropos of 9 cases].

The authors report a series of nine fresh ruptures of the patellar tendon which occurred principally at its upper part. They were repaired by the Judet's technique protected with a circular nylon inserted around the superior pole of the patella or through the patella and through the tibial tuberosity. A transposition of the distal tendons of the semitendinosus and gracilis muscles was done with success in one case. The reeducation started early in the last cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Surgical treatment of spinal metastases by stabilization using posterior plates screwed into the vertebral pedicles].

Ninety spinal metastases were treated by plating using a posterior approach. Fifty were thoracic or thoraco-lumbar, 11 in the upper cervical spine, 14 in the lower cervical spine and fifteen in the lumbar spine. Surgical fixation was followed by radiotherapy, chemotherapy or hormone therapy, when indicated. In the upper cervical region a special plate was screwed into the occiput. In the lower cervical spine fixation was accompanied by anterior vertebrectomy at the same procedure. In the entire series good stability was obtained in nine out of ten cases. Mortality during the first post-operative months was about 10 to 15 p. 100 dependent on the level. Two thirds of the patients gained some benefit from the operation. Cases with paraplegia and loss of independence had less favourable results than others. The ideal indications are threatened collapse of vertebrae, recent neurological impairment of severe pain resistant to conservative treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Spinal injuries without neurologic complications].

Instability of the injured spine may be bony, which allows only limited displacement, or osteo-disco-ligamentous where the potentiality for displacement is unlimited. A reasonable degree of purely bony displacement can be accepted in the spine, and only when the deformity is considerable is closed or open reduction necessary. However, osteo-disco-ligamentous instability requires operative stabilisation. There is a risk of post operative medullary complications, which can be lessened by sound surgical technique, but this has to be judged against the possibility of secondary cord damage in an unstable injury. Properly performed operations should allow the same degree of correction to be obtained in the spine as is customary in long bones. This will lessen the aesthetic and functional problems which occur secondary to the spinal deformity, and lessen the risk of onset of neurological damage arising as a result of acquired spinal stenosis.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1983

[Recent fractures of the odontoid. Prognostic factors].

A review of 92 recent fractures of the odontoid process suggests that they can be divided into two groups: stable fractures requiring no more than orthopedic treatment, and unstable fractures requiring surgery. Basing themselves on four main prognostic factors (direction and level of the fracture, distance between the fragments and age of the patients), the authors propose three types of surgical treatment differing in complexity and functional results: posterior C1-C2 arthrodesis, simple lacing with nylon threads and, quite recently, direct screwing by the antero-lateral approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Recent injuries of the last 5 cervical vertebrae in the adult (with and without neurologic complications)].

Traumatic lesions of the lower cervical spine give rise to two main problems - injury to the bones or ligaments leading to possible instability, and the presence or absence of damage to the spinal cord or nerve roots. After discussing the pathological anatomy and describing the clinical signs of the lesions, the authors explain their treatment programme which is based on seventeen years of practical experience. All unstable lesions involving the lower five cervical vertebrae are treated surgically, especially if there is partial or total tetraplegia. Instability can be rectified by reduction of the lesion and fixation by means of plates screwed into the articular masses, and this procedure has the additional advantage of improving the recovery of the neurological lesion. The nursing of the tetraplegic patient is also facilitated.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Atloaxoid dislocation with basilar pressure and spinal cord symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis. A case of occipitocervical arthrodesis followed by resection of the odontoid].

The authors report a case of atlanto-axial dislocation in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. There was some neurological impairment with upper limb pain and hyperreflexia. As a first stage, a cranio-cervical fusion was performed through a posterior approach. Three weeks later the axis was excised through an antero-lateral approach, together with its odontoid process. The patient's condition was much improved and the neurological lesions disappeared.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Biopsy of the vertebral body using a posterior transpedicular approach].

The technique of biopsy of the vertebral body through a posterior approach passing through the pedicle was first reported in 1963. A description of the technique is given. The importance of good radiological control is stressed. Biopsy can be made with a curette once the approach has been made with a drill. The results were positive in 46 cases out of 47. A false negative was found on only one occasion.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

[Prospects for conservative excision procedures in osteosarcomas in 1981].

On the tenth anniversary of the Bone Tumor Study Group (BTSG) the authors report on their overall experience of the surgical management of osteogenic osteosarcomas. Current data from the medical literature is analyzed. The authors believe that every time a resection-reconstruction procedure is possible it should be preferred to systematic amputation. This policy is warranted by the continuing advances in medical management, particularly in chemotherapy. However, when dealing with osteosarcomas, the therapist's fore-most concern is the danger to life rather than functional considerations. Attention is drawn to recent technical developments enabling total excision of vertebral and costovertebral osteosarcomas, that should lead to considerable improvement of the prognosis of such tumors which was hopeless until now.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Lateral atlanto-axial arthrodesis (author's transl)].

The authors describe the surgical technique of atlanto-axial fixation using a bilateral lateral approach. The cartilage of the articular processes of C1 and C2 are excised and the joints grafted. A screw fixation of the articular processes is performed. 8 cases are reported.

Arthrodesis↗
PubMed1981

[Aseptic osteonecrosis during corticosteroid treatment of Behçet's disease (author's transl)].

Four patients with Behçet's disease (a 42-year-old woman and 3 men aged 24, 32 and 39 respectively), who had received high doses of prednisone (0.5 to 1 mg/kg/day) during a mean period of 21 months developed aseptic osteonecrosis of the femoral heads and condyles which obliged to reduce steroid dosage and to introduce additional drugs. Corticosteroids are useful in Behçet's disease, as in other systemic diseases, but they probably act also on the underlying immune vascularitis. The occurrence of pain in weight-bearing joints during treatment should suggest osteonecrosis and in such cases, beside radiography, scintigraphy with technetium and/or phlebography with pressure measurement might provide an early diagnosis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1981

[Total excision of thoracic vertebrae (author's transl)].

The authors believe that it is not possible to remove a thoracic vertebra completely by a lateral transthoracic approach. They have operated on three patients in which a thoracic vertebra has been removed completely using an extended posterior approach. The technique described utilizes an extra-pleural bilateral thoracotomy through a single posterior incision. The posterior mediastinum is mobilised and the vertebral bodies freed. The technique is indicated in tumours of the spine compressing or threatening the spinal cord, especially primary local malignant tumours or where adjuvant treatment such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy or radio active drugs are effective. Benign but recurrent tumours such as giant cell tumours or aneurysmal bone cysts are also good indications for this method.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The fate of cancellous bone grafts after irradiation (author's transl)].

It is often necessary to reconstruct the bony defects that result from the resection of bone tumours with cortico-cancellous bone grafts. In addition, post-operative radiotherapy is often given to prevent tumour recurrence. We have attempted to show that the rational use of radiotherapy after the insertion of a bone graft does not endanger the rehabilitation of the graft. We do not know of any clinical publication related to this subject. We are thus reporting eight cases of irradiated cortico-cancellous grafts which were given precise doses of irradiation and we have been able to draw the following conclusions: a) when doses of 4 000 Rads or less were given, there was no delay in graft consolidation, b) when doses of more than 6 000 Rads were used, graft rehabilitation was jeopardised. c) it is possible that 6 000 Rads given over a limited area will not endanger the graft but we have only one example. We have reviewed the literature concerning experimental studies on the progress of bone grafts, the effect of irradiation on normal bone and on cortico-cancellous grafts. The experiments have been performed must frequently in vitro and in vivo on small laboratory animals. The conclusions drawn from these studies agree with our clinical impressions: following irradiation the osteogenic activity of a cortico-cancellous graft and of normal bone are the same. They are subjected to the same risks and the same complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Recovery of a complete cervical spinal cord injury with tetraplegia (author's transl)].

The prognosis of a complete cervical spinal cord injury is based on an accurate initial diagnosis and on immediate treatment in order to release the medullary compression and stabilise the spine. The diagnosis of a complete traumatic quadriplegia depends upon a thorough neurological examination, particularly noting sensation and motor power of the sacral segments, looking for a sacral sparing which is a sign of a better prognosis. The authors analysed a well documented case of progressive recovery obtained after nearly immediate open reduction and synthesis of a C1 C2 fracture-dislocation with complete quadriplegia.

Adult↗