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Biomedical subjects

G Said

Publications and source records attributed to G Said.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Idiopathic orthostatic hypotension and the Shy-Drager syndrome: hemodynamic and pharmacological studies in seven patients (author's transl)].

Idiopathic orthostatic hypotension (IOH) is a slowly progressive disease of the autonomic nervous system. The association of central lesions with those of IOH is characteristic of the Shy-Drager syndrome, which follows a rapidly unfavorable course, and can be distinguished from IOH, according to some authors, by anatomical and pharmacological features. Hemodynamic and pharmacological studies were conducted in 4 cases of IOH and 3 cases of the Shy-Drager syndrome in order to determine the localization and extent of the orthostatic regulatory disorder. No differences were found between the two groups and a common physiopathological mechanism for the two affections is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Tellurium-induced neuropathy: correlative physiological, morphological and electron microprobe studies.

Elemental tellurium (TE) was included in the normal diet of 15-day-old rats and every day thereafter for 35 days. Within 24 hours a segmental demyelination was seen in the sciatic nerve. On the 2nd day, Te was localized in the cytoplasm of the Schwann cells. On the 3rd day paralysis of the hind legs appeared which lasted 7--10 days. The papralysis then disappeared and demyelination ceased, although the rats were still ingesting Te. After one week there was also slight demyelination in the brachial plexus. Motor nerve conduction velocities were reduced below the normal control range, but only after the rats had taken Te for a least 7 days. This peripheral neuropathy can only be induced in the rat by Te ingestion between the 15th and 35th days of post-natal life, not before or after this period of time.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Perhexiline neuropathy: a clinicopathological study.

Five patients developed a mild to severe polyneuropathy while under treatment with perhexiline maleate, a drug used in long-term treatment of angina pectoris. Recovery took place within a few months after drug withdrawal. We performed qualitative and quantitative light and electron microscopical studies, including teased fiber preparations, in different patients; 16 to 90% of the fibers showed segmental demyelination, an unusual feature in drug-induced neuropathies, and 3 to 20% were undergoing wallerian degeneration. Severe loss of myelinated axons was noted in all 5 patients. In these patients clinical symptoms occurred only when a great number of fibers had already been lost and most of the surviving fibers showed demyelination.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Quantitative study of isolated nerve fibers in alcoholic neuropathy (author's transl)].

This is a report of qualitative and quantitative study of nerve fibres in alcoholic neuropathy. In order to determine the frequency of segmental demyelination in alcoholic neuropathy, 10 nerve biopsies from 9 patients were studied by teasing; 100 consecutive fibres were isolated from each nerve and classified according to their morphology. This study confirms that segmental demyelination is a rare finding in this condition. Segmental demyelination of peripheral nerve fibres occurred in three cases and affected 6 to 8 per cent of the fibres. Wallerian degeneration of nerve fibres was found in all ten nerve biopsy specimens and affected 31 to 98 percent of the isolated fibres.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Parental smoking related to adenoidectomy and tonsillectomy in children.

Histories of adenoïdectomy and tonsillectomy were ascertained, as well as smoking habits of both parents, using questionnaires answered by 3920 schoolchildren aged 10 to 20. Adenoïdectomy and/or tonsillectomy, considered as an index of repeated upper respiratory tract disease in early childhood, was very significantly related to the amount of smoking by each parent. This relationship persisted when age, sex, day nursery attendance, sibship size, and history of appendicectomy were controlled.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1977

Microprobe scanning of normal and pathological human peripheral nerve.

The localization of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) by scanning with the electron microprobe of Casting, provides a morphological outline of the normal nerve which can be used qualitatively and quantitatively for comparison with abnormal nerves. The normal saphenous nerves of eight cadavers and the abnormal saphenous nerves of two cases of diabetic neuropathy, were scanned and the results compared.

Calcium↗
PubMed1977

[Rhythmic quadriceps myoclonia related to sarcomatous involvement of the crural nerve].

A case of rhythmic myoclonus of the quadriceps related to involvement of the crural nerve by a schwann-cell sarcoma of the thigh is reported. The rhythm of involuntary contractions varies between 35 and 300 per minute. The myoclonic jerks occur rhythmically in the quadriceps only during full extension of the knee. The jerks are inhibited during lengthening of the quadriceps by active or passive flexion of the knee. Clonazepam is very effective in controlling the myoclonus. It is suggested that the myoclonus is the consequence of a response of alpha-motoneurons of the spinal cord to the excitation of Ia fibers of the crural nerve by the tumor. This activation appears to be enhanced by descending excitation pathway and inhibited by activation of Golgi tendon organs of the quadriceps.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Dominant generalized cortical hyperostosis with multiple involvement of the cranial nerves].

The authors report an observation of dominant generalized cortical hyperostosis with multiple and unilateral involvement of a certain number of cranial nerves. In other members of the family, who present with the same bone disorder, involvement of the cranial nerves was limited to the facial nerve, either uni or bilaterally, with a partially or totally regressive evolution. This cranial nerve involvement, which is classic in the recessive form (first described) of generalized cortical hyperostosis, has until now, never been reported in the dominant form of this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Fusiform enlargement of mechanic origin of a peripheral nerve (author's transl)].

This paper reports on the study of a symptomless fusiform enlargement of the superficial peroneal nerve. The swelling was located in the part of the nerve passing through the aponevrosis. On incision of the epineurium small swellings were seen in the nerve fascicles. A fascicular biopsy was done and the fascicles studied by teasing and by optic and electron microscopy. Isolated nerve fiber study gave evidence of segmental demyelinisation with subsequent remyelinisation in almost all the myelinated fibers. These abnormalities were only encountered in the swollen part of the fascicle. A striking proliferation of cells was demonstrated in isolated fibers by counterstaining with hematoxylin. Electron microscopy showed primary demyelinsation and cellular proliferation affecting Schwann-cells (without onion bulb formations), fibroblasts and giant-vacuolated histiocytes. There was also a massive increase of endoneurial fluid. A few Bünger bands were seen. These rare abnormalities appear to be caused by chronic irritation of the nerve in its passage through the aponebrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Myasthenia, thymoma and hypophyseal tumor associated with heterogenous adenomatous proliferation and ganglioneuroma of the sella turcica].

The authors report a case of myasthenia gravis in which a tumour of the sella turcica, without clinical symptoms, was discovered on X-ray examination of the skull and was removed with success. Histological study showed endocrine and neural type cells with cells of intermediate type. Subsequent thoracic surgery was performed with removal of a thymoma which was not visible on X-ray examination of the chest. The first operation on the sella turcica had no effect on the myasthenia but after the second on the thymoma a definite improvement was noted. The association of myasthenia, thymoma and ganglioneuroma of the sella turcica is unknown. In order to explain this, the authors hypothesize a common origin in the neural crests of both tumours.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

[Study of isolated nerve fibers in primary hypertrophic neuritis].

This report describes pathological changes of myelin, cells and axons of teased nerve fibers from three cases (two having a family history) of primary hypertrophic neuritis with onion bulb formations seen in aptic and electron microscopy. Segmental demyelination and subsequent remyelination occurred in most myelinated fibers isolated. Besides this classical pattern, in some fibers large pseudo-wallerian ovoids of myelin with preservation of the axon, demonstrated by silver counterstaining, were found. This pseudo-wallerian degeneration is thus a primary demyelination and axonal degeneration remains a rare finding. A quantitative evaluation of the different patterns of myelin degeneration has been established. The study of cellular proliferation has shown clustering of nuclei scattered along the fiber. In some fibers the changes of the myelin sheath are encountered without Schwann-cell accummulation, while in others cellular proliferation is prominent without obvious myelin abnormalities. Cellular proliferation has also been seen in unmyelinated fibers (Remak fibers). In some neural tubes devoid of axis cylinders striking Schwann-cell accumulation remains, giving may in some places to fusiform enlargement of the "Schwann-cell tube". These "Schwann-cell tubes" appear as one of the late stage changes occuring in hypertrophic neuritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

[Painful, alternating and recurrent ophthalmoplegia. Contribution to the study of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome].

A case of the syndrome of Tolosa-Hunt is presented in which the points of interest were the high number of attacks (four in two years and half) and the varying side of the symptoms with an involvement of the left sixth cranial nerve during the first, third and fourth attacks, and of the right third cranial nerve during the second attack. The trigeminal pain was always on the same side as the ophthalmoplegia. Bilateral carotid and vertebral angiography, orbital phlebography and air encephalography did not reveal anomalies. The sedimentation rate was moderately high during each attack. Corticotherapy begun during the last attack was very effective against the pain, but less so against the paralysis. The authors review the literature concerning this rare syndrome, the cause of which is thought to be an inflammatory process involving the cavernous sinuses.

Adult↗