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Biomedical subjects

G S Burd

Publications and source records attributed to G S Burd.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Functional state of the pituitary-adrenal system in stroke patients].

An examination of the function of the hypophyseo-adrenal system was carried out in 31 patients with cerebral stroke by radioimmunoassay of the content of STH, ACTH and cortisol in the arterial and venous cerebral and peripheral blood. The examination showed a demonstrative change of the hormonal balance, especially in the cerebral venous blood that depended on the stroke gravity: this concerned the hormones produced both by the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system and the adrenal cortex. In patients who were in a soporous-comatose state the STH and ACTH content in the cerebral venous blood was lower than in the arterial blood, while the cortisol level exceeded substantially the concentration of this hormone in the arterial blood. A study of the interrelations between the hormones showed that an acute disturbance of the cerebral circulation may induce a response on the part of the hypophyseo-adrenal system. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the disturbances of the latter's system function are discussed.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1980

[State of serotonin--monoamine oxidase and histamine--diamine oxidase systems in circulating blood in ischemic strokes].

The serotonin-monoamine oxidase and histamine-diamine oxidase systems in the arteria and venous blood of the brain were examined in 65 patients with ischemic cerebral stroke. The examinations have shown that in the acute period of the disease the metabolism of serotonin and histamine is disturbed, the degree and the character of these disturbances depending substantially on the stroke clinical manifestations, process localization and the disease outcome. In infarctions in the large hemispheres without the secondary stem syndrome, the changes of the amine metabolism are determined by the state of the enzymes inactivating them. In patients with the secondary stem syndrome, the monoamine oxidase content in the blood leaving the brain is lowered, the methylation processes are activated, and the histamine level decreased, while the serotonin level is high. In cases of primary affection of the brain stem and the lethal outcome of the disease the blood levels of serotonin and histamine are high. Use of serotonin antagonists in ischemic stroke and antihistaminic drugs in primary affection of the brain stem is substantiated.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1980

[Blood kallikrein-kinin system in ischemic stroke patients].

In 42 patients with ischemic cerebral stroke, the state of the kallikrein-kinin system of the blood was analyzed by three main parameters: total esterase activity, prekallikrein content, and activity of the kallikrein inhibitor. Two blood specimens were taken (from the femoral artery and the superior bulb of the internal jugular vein) at the peak of the stroke acute period. An activation of the kallikrein-kinin system was revealed, the degree of which was found to depend on the gravity of the pathological process in the brain. At the initial stages of the disease a moderate activation of the kallikrein-kinin system was noted, the fact, that was, probably, favourable for improvement of the blood circulation. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms (hypoxia, lowering of the medium pH, etc.) of the system activation are discussed. For treating patients who were in a soporous-comatose state with a sharp drop of the kallikrein activity in the cerebral venous blood it was recommended to use drugs blocking the excess formation of kinins. At the initial stage of the disease development such an intervention should be regarded undesirable.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

[Ultrastructure of cerebral cortex capillaries in stroke].

Analysing the data of electronomicroscopical studies on the dominant hemispheres of the cerebral cortex in 9 patients who died due to strokes, the authors consider the main types of pathological changes in the ultrastructure of capillaries that are of a diffuse generalizing character. They are the following: 1) dystrophy of the capillary wall with the accumulation in it of lysosomal inclusions, lipofuscin granules, with the disintegration of mitochondrias and disturbances of oxidation-reduction processes in the vessel tissues connected with it; 2) the growth and hyperplasia of the endothelium. These changes lead to dystrophic damages of neurons, the maintainance and loading of the course of the main pathological process. Hypoxia, as a result of local ischemia, has an important pathogenetical significance in the disturbances of brain circulation and leads to plasmorrhagia, brain edema and even greater affection of neurons.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1976

[Dynamics of neurologic disorders following embolism of the bifurcation of the aorta and major arteries of the lower extremities].

The authors conducted a clinico-EMG study of 118 patients with an embolism of the aortal bifurcation and magistral arteries of the lower extremities. Among this contingent 58 were studied in the remote period -- from 2-7 years following a surgical operation. The clinical symptoms of embolism were expressed in severe pain, sensory, motor and vegetative-trophic disturbances in the affected extremities. Three degrees of the nervous system lesions were distinguished in an embolism. It was also demonstrated that there were significant changes in the bioelectrical muscle activity of the extremities. In the remote period following embolectomia, in most of the patients there still were sequalae of acute ischemia of the nervous tissue, the expressiveness of which depended upon the calibre of the occluded vessel, degree of tissue ischemia, the time of treatment and the time following the operation. A retarded restitution may be explained by the degree of the nervous tissue lesion and the persisting insufficiency of circulation in the extremities.

Aortic Diseases↗
PubMed1975

[Changes in the mitochondria of human cerebral cortex nerve cells as the result of strokes].

The paper demonstrates that mitochondrias of human brain cortex neurons take an active part in the vital processes of the cells, acutely react to brain circulation disturbances revealing various destructive and compensatory-restorative reactions. The observed forms of the mitochondrias damages are described. The compensatory-restorative reactions of the mitochondrias consisted in an increase of their number, size and the surface of the inner membranes. The authors make attempts to display correlations between the found changes of the mitochondrias and the clinical picture of the stroke.

Aged↗