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Biomedical subjects

G S Blair

Publications and source records attributed to G S Blair.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Posttreatment assessment of surgically exposed and orthodontically aligned impacted maxillary canines.

The records of 96 consecutively treated patients, with a total of 110 exposed maxillary canines, were reviewed after orthodontic alignment of the exposed teeth. In view of the high degree of clinical and patient satisfaction with the results, a random sample of 25 patients, with a total of 30 exposed canines, were critically assessed. The assessment involved scoring for clinical impression, mobility, gingival condition and pocketing, oral hygiene, vitality, and radiographic appearances. The results indicate that the technique of surgical exposure and orthodontic alignment of ectopic maxillary canines provides a satisfactory method of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The biochemical and haemodynamic effects of adrenaline in lignocaine local anaesthetic solutions in patients having third molar surgery under general anaesthesia.

The effects of adrenaline-containing and adrenaline-free lignocaine local anaesthetic solutions injected in doses consistent with clinical practice on plasma potassium concentration, blood glucose levels and haemodynamic responses were investigated in 20 patients having third molar surgery under general anaesthesia. All patients received a standard general anaesthetic regime. Ten patients were given 4.0 ml of 2% lignocaine as an inferior dental and long buccal block during their general anaesthetic and the other 10 received 4.0 ml of 2% lignocaine containing 1:80000 adrenaline in the same manner. There were no significant differences between treatments in blood pressure or heart rate. However, there were significant differences between treatments in plasma potassium concentration and blood glucose levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Primary Sjögren's syndrome in north east England--a longitudinal study.

We have documented the initial clinical features of 100 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) together with the results of their baseline investigations. The evolution of the disease in these patients has been followed for a median of 34 months (range 3-84 months). The majority of patients were females aged 40-60 years, and common clinical features included eye symptoms (100%), xerostomia (100%), polyarthralgia (94%), Raynaud's phenomenon (81%) and salivary gland swelling (47%). Thyroid disease was relatively common (14%) while other endocrine disease was rare. Four patients died during follow-up, and three cases of lymphoma were detected. Other serious complications included pericarditis (10%), pleuroparenchymal lung disease (9%), renal tubular acidosis (3%) and cerebrovascular accidents (2%). The presence of anti-Ro antibodies identifies patients with more severe systemic disease. Spontaneous improvement occurred in 12 patients, while steroids were required for specific complications in 18. Overall, although lymphoma was found to excess in our group, the high mortality reported with primary SS elsewhere was not seen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A model for investigating the systemic effects of adrenaline in dental local anaesthetic solutions in patients under surgical stress.

A model has been developed which permits the investigation of the systemic effects of adrenaline injected during dental local anesthesia. The model employs patients undergoing the removal of third molars under general anaesthesia. This design allows the study of the effects of exogenous adrenaline administration in clinical doses in patients experiencing surgical stress. In the present investigation the influence of the intra-oral injection of 50 micrograms adrenaline contained in lignocaine local anaesthetic solution on haemodynamic and biochemical responses was established by comparing the effects of inferior alveolar block injections of 4 ml 2% lignocaine and 4 ml 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 adrenaline in 20 patients having third molars removed with a standardised general anaesthetic regime. No significant changes in haemodynamic responses between treatments were apparent, however significant changes occurred between treatments in blood glucose and plasma potassium levels.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗
PubMed1989

Clinical experience in oral surgery with 2 different automatic aspirating syringes.

The efficacy of 2 designs of automatic aspirating syringe was investigated in 440 patients receiving regional block anaesthesia in the mandible. The incidence of positive aspiration was significantly different between operators and between syringes. Positive aspiration was achieved in 18.9% of patients at some stage during administration of the local anaesthetic solution.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1985

An investigation into post-operative pain after third molar surgery under local analgesia.

The pain experienced after third molar surgery was investigated over a 7 day post-operative period in 80 patients. The results from the study suggest that post-operative pain is of short duration and reaches its maximum intensity in the early post-operative period. Nearly all patients required an analgesic at some time during the 7 days. The sex of the patient and whether there is a previous history of pericoronitis are important determinants of post-operative pain. However, the magnitude of post-operative pain does not appear to be dependent upon the operator or related to the extent of surgical trauma as assessed by operating time and radiographic score.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Post-operative dental pain and analgesic efficacy. Part I.

Two groups, each of 100 adult patients who had undergone either a periodontal or oral surgical procedure were asked to record their pain experience over a three day investigation period. The results show that post-operative dental pain is variable in its nature and intensity, but reaches its maximum intensity in the first 12 hours post-operatively. Women appear to be more sensitive to post-operative pain than men. Significant differences in the pain experience after different operative procedures were noted. Removal of impacted lower third molars and retained roots result in more post-operative pain than the various other operative procedures. The incidence and severity of post-operative pain showed no clear relationship to the duration of the surgical procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Post-operative dental pain and analgesic efficacy. Part II. Analgesic usage and efficacy after dental surgery.

The analgesics taken by patients after oral and periodontal surgery were noted over a three day observation period. Analgesic consumption matched closely the pain experience. The efficacy of self-prescribed analgesics was extrapolated from the pain scores obtained in the first 12 hours after surgery, and overall, the apparent efficacy appears poor. However, those patients who reported taking aspirin recorded significantly less pain than those who took either paracetamol or combination analgesics. Analgesic efficacy was not related to dose, although a significant correlation was noted between the number of paracetamol tablets taken and pain severity.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Obstructive sialadenitis.

The value of all the procedures which have been described for the investigation of disorders of the major salivary glands is discussed in so far as they aided the management of one bizarre case of obstructive submandibular sialadenitis. In particular an unusual indication for salivary gland scanning is also suggested.

Humans↗