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Biomedical subjects

G S Belkaniia

Publications and source records attributed to G S Belkaniia.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Anthropophysiologic basis of the formation of arterial hypertension in primates].

Comparative physiological analysis suggested evolutional direction of typical organization of the blood orthostatic regulation and its dependence upon the posture status in pronograde animals (rats, rabbits, cats, dogs) as well as in primates (humans, monkeys). Data on the evidence of functional adaptation of cardiovascular system under the conditions of experimental bipedal posture in monkeys are presented and the meaning of blood regulation according to the gravity factor in the development of arterial hypertension is discussed.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Respiratory function and gravitation].

Changes in the respiratory function following alteration in the spatial position of the body can be considered as a specific manifestation of the general mechanism of the antigravity function of the organism. These changes are to make up for the primary mechanical effects of gravity and to meet elevated energy requirements of the body when standing. The mechanism of increased respiration acting via the somatic component of the antigravity function of the body is of great importance.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biological patterns of the development of lower monkeys during postnatal ontogenesis].

In 840 male rhesus-monkeys relationships between age, height, weight and growth rate were examined. In terms of growth rate the following five age periods were identified in the predefinitive stage of postnatal ontogenesis: childhood--from birth to 9 months of age, adolescence--from 9 months to 3 years, accelerated growth or pubescence--from 3 to 4.5 years, growth completion--from 4.5 to 7-8 years, and physiological maturity (definitive stage)--over 8 years of age. The above age periods derived from growth curves are consistent with the development of the dental system, reproductive organs and other biological signs of postnatal ontogenesis. The relationships between calendar age, height and weight with respect to each age period are described by linear regression equations. The basic patterns of physical development, periods of postnatal ontogenesis and somatometric characterization described above help to objectively monitor the physical fitness of rhesus-monkeys, to adequately select animals identical in terms of their biological age, and to reliably plan long-term studies on this primate species.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Typological characteristics of conditioned reflex learning in monkeys].

Three types of conditioned learning dynamics were singled out in males of the rhesus monkeys by the speed of formation of a positive motor instrumental reflex and differentiation. Type I is characterized by the fastest mastering of separate subprograms and of the whole test program of conditioned behaviour, by optimal functional characteristics in the process of learning and by a high adaptivity in new conditions. The most prolonged formation of the conditioned reflexes occurs in monkeys of the III-d type; 50% of them do not master the whole learning program; monkeys with such type of learning dynamics have no adaptation of previously acquired conditioned stereotype to new environmental conditions. Monkeys of the II-nd type of learning dynamics possess intermediate characteristics. A notion is substantiated of interconnection of higher nervous activity properties with typological characteristics of conditioned learning dynamics in monkeys.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphological manifestations of primate adaptation to orthograde statics and upright posture].

Using lower primates (rhesus-monkeys) who were experimentally transformed to bipeds, we examined morphological signs of their musculo-skeletal adaptation to the upright walking pattern. It was found that the bipeds developed typical characteristics of the upright posture: complete erectness of the torso and legs and noticeable enhancement of lumbar lordosis. The maximum deviation of the lumbar arch in the bipeds (10.0 +/- 0.8 mm) was significantly greater than in the controls (1.5 +/- 0.5 mm). This was accompanied by distinct hypertrophy of leg muscles, primarily extensors, and increased mineral density of the tibia (by 38%), fibula (by 14%) and metatarsus (by 23%). This was also followed by slight hypotrophy of biceps and triceps muscles and the large muscle of the thorax. Forearm muscles and bone mineral content were unchanged. The data obtained give evidence that the genetic program of orthograde statics and erect posture which is typical of the entire primate order can find phenotypical realization in lower primates.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Typologic characteristics of central hemodynamics in the monkey in reclining and upright positions].

By tetrapolar rheography central hemodynamics was investigated in 74 rhesus monkeys in the reclining and orthostatic position. The basic hemodynamic parameters were examined in relation to the entire sample, to the groups with a higher or lower blood pressure (BPmean), and to four states of central circulation in orthostatic animals. The typological circulatory differences in the orthostatic state were shown to be determined by qualitatively different hemodynamic mechanisms responsible for BPmean. The hemodynamic characteristics in the reclining and orthostatic position were found to be reciprocally related. It is recommended to take into consideration the typological differences of hemodynamics that can modify cardiovascular responses to various effects.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electric conductivity of the skin in humans and monkeys].

The topographic and functional correlation of acupuncture skin zones on the limbs of humans (99 healthy subjects) and monkeys (64 adult hamadryas baboons and rhesus-monkeys) was compared by measuring the electric conductivity of the skin (ECS). The profile of the ECS was found to be an informative and sensitive integrated indicator of the functional state of the body and of the autonomic nervous system. The parameter ECS showed seasonal variations and relief differences with respect to the two phases of the menstrual cycle in women. The parameter ECS displayed distinct differences between men and women as well as species differences between men, hamadryas baboons and rhesus-monkeys. The high differential informativeness of the ECS is indicated by the functional differences of the primate body under various constraint conditions. The anatomical and topographic correlation of acupuncture skin zones and similarity of ECS characteristics in man and monkeys suggest that the formation of functional characteristics of the ECS in various types of primates has a common philogenetic basis. It is concluded that monkeys can be used as an adequate experimental model for further evaluation of the ECS as a method to measure and diagnose functional and pathological changes in the body.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relationship between the constitutional traits and functional characteristics of the cardiovascular system in clino- and orthostatism in healthy persons and in arterial hypertension patients].

This paper describes the results of a correlation analysis of the relationship between the basic parameters of central hemodynamics (arterial pressure, cardiac output, stroke volume, peripheral vascular resistance) and primary somatometric characteristics carried out in 90 healthy subjects and 62 patients with arterial hypertension in the clinostatic and orthostatic position. In the orthostatic position the correlation between somatometric characteristics and hemodynamic parameters increased significantly in comparison to the clinostatic position. It is assumed that orthostatic characteristics of circulation are an adequate phenotypical manifestation of the human genotype as a biped living being.

Adult↗