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Biomedical subjects

G Rybo

Publications and source records attributed to G Rybo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Prostaglandins and menorrhagia.

This paper reviews the various theories offered to explain excessive menstrual blood losses whether these are of primary origin or induced by IUD. An increased concentration of prostaglandins in endometrial tissue at the onset of menstruation may contribute to heavy menstrual bleeding. The mechanism of action is not clear, but prostaglandins may affect the stability of lysosomes which in turn lead to increased release of various proteinases. These in turn may disturb the hemostatic mechanism of the endometrium. Prostaglandins may also affect platelet aggregation and/or various coagulation factors and cause vasodilation - all mechanisms may theoretically alter the hemostasis of the endometrium. Treatment of menorrhagia with a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, naproxen, resulted in a significant reduction in menstrual blood loss in women with primary menorrhagia as well as with IUD-induced excessive menstrual blood loss. The reduction amounted to about 30%, which is lower than the reduction obtained by treatment with antifibrinolytic agents or oral contraceptives.

Antifibrinolytic Agents↗
PubMed1981

Iron prophylaxis in menorrhagia.

Heavy menstrual bleedings frequently lead to iron deficiency. Iron supplementation is usually given to cover the increased losses. In the present study one tablet containing 100 mg of iron (Duroferon R, Durules R) was given daily for 10 days in connection with the menstrual period in 15 women with menorrhagia. The tablets contained 59 Felabelled FeSO4 and the total absorption was measured in a whole-body counter. The mean menstrual blood loss was 117 ml (range 46-259 ml), corresponding to 53 mg of iron (range 21-117 mg). The mean absorption was 81 mg (range 49-145 mg). Individually, 14 of 15 subjects absorbed more iron from the tablets than was lost by the menstrual bleedings. Thus, the iron prophylaxis as applied in the present study seems to be sufficient in most women with menorrhagia.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

IUD compared with oral contraception in nulliparae.

172 nulliparae attending a Swedish family planning clinic were studied. Doctors and midwives with various experiences gave the contraceptive method. Continuation rate at 12 months was 58 per cent for IUD and 86 per cent for OC. The expulsion rate in the IUD group was 11 per cent and in 30 per cent of IUD users the device was removed because of adverse effects. 10 per cent of the IUD group and 5 per cent of the OC group discontinued their method without introducing another one, thereby risking an unwanted pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Conjoined twinning in Sweden.

A small "epidemic" of conjoined twinning is reported occurring at the Skövde Central hospital in 1975-76. Three parts were observed, the annual birth number of 2300. During a ten-year period, 10 cases of conjoined twinning were reported to the Register of Congenital Malformations in Sweden, indicating a probable incidence of 1:75000 births. These 10 cases were distributed all over the country. Interviews with the three women who gave birth to the Skövde conjoined twins revealed no common factor which could be of aetiological significance.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Variations in blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet function and various plasma proteins during the menstrual cycle.

The variations in the number of platelets, platelet retention, blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and various plasma proteins were studied during the menstrual cycle in 30 normal women. Blood samples were taken on 6 occasions; day 1, 2, and 3 of menstruation, day 5-9 (follicular phase), day 12-16 (around ovulation), and day 19-23 (luteal phase), respectively. The concentration of fibrinogen was lower during menstruation than in the luteal phase. Factor II-VII-X and platelet retention were lowest and the recalcification time was shortest during the menstruation. The number of platelets was highest in the ovulatory phase. The fibrinolytic activity was higher in the luteal phase and during the menstruation than in the follicular phase. The results might indicate an intrauterine clotting during the menstruation. The close correlations between the variations of most of the plasma proteins indicate the presence of some general not identified factor which is probably not the variation in the intravascular water content.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and plasma proteins in women with normal and with excessive menstrual blood loss.

A group of women with excessive menstrual blood loss (menorrhagia) without any known local or general underlying disease was studied and compared to a group of women with normal menstrual blood loss. Blood coagulation, platelet function and fibrinolysis as well as a variety of plasma proteins were analyzed on six occasions during one menstrual cycle. Women with menorrhagia were found to have a slightly higher concentration of fibrinogen--fibrin degradation products, a higher factor V and VIII activity, higher antithrombin III, alpha 1-antitrypsin concentrations and higher antifibrinolytic activity than the normal women. The concentration of albumin, beta IE-globulin, orosomucoid, ceruloplasmin and IgG were lower in women with memorrhagia than in normals. The capillary fragility did not differ significantly between the groups. The observed differences in clotting factors between the groups could not have caused the differences in blood losses.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Absorption of supplemental iron during pregnancy - a longitudinal study with repeated bone-marrow studies and absorption measurements.

Iron absorption, bone-marrow smears and haematological parameters were repeatedly studied during pregnancy in 50 women. The same studies were repeated two months after delivery. The material was randomly divided into two groups. Twenty-four women were treated with 200 mg of ferrous iron daily while 26 were given placebo. The iron absorption was measured from radioiron-labelled test doses of 100 mg ferrous iron in a whole-body counter with high sensitivity. In the placebo group the iron absorption increased throughout pregnancy from an average of 6.5 % at the 12th week to 14.3 % at the 35th week of gestation. Two months after delivery the absorption was higher than initially. In the iron-treated group the absorption increased between the 24th and 35th week of gestation from 6.0 to 8.6 %. After delivery 5.5 % of the test dose was absorbed. The haemosiderin iron in the bone-marrow was mobilized during pregnancy. In the placebo group no woman had more than trace of haemosiderin in the bone-marrow smears at the 35th week of gestation. In the iron-treated group 65 % had the same bone-marrow findings. The amount of bone-marrow haemosiderin at term seems not to have the same significance for the diagnosis of iron deficiency in pregnancy as in non-pregnant subjects. Two months after delivery about 50 % of the women in the placebo group had restored their iron deposits. In the iron-group the haemosiderin content in the bone-marrow smears was enhanced in most women compared to early pregnancy. In the placebo group haematological data indicated a high frequency of iron deficiency in late pregnancy while in the iron-treated group iron deficiency was prevented.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products in menstrual blood from women with normal and excessive menstrual losses.

Fibrinogen-fibrin degradation products, FDP, in menstrual blood during the first three days of menstrual blood during the first three days of menstruation have been investigated. Two groups of women were studied, those with normal menstrual blood loss (15 women, mean loss 30 ml, range 8-60 ml) and those with menorrhagia (14 women, mean loss 222 ml, range 107-729 ml). The following results were obtained: 1). The FDP concentrations decreased during menstruation in both groups. 2). The FDP concentrations in the two were compared for each day of the menstrual period. No differences were found between the two groups. A possible explanation of the results is given: there is a higher rate of coagulation and fibrinolysis in the endometrium of women with menorrhagia compared with women with normal blood losses. The hypothesis is supported by results of studies in which tranexamic is supported by results of studies in which tranexamic acid, an inhibitor of fibrinolysis, was given to reduce the menstrual blood loss. 3). The FDP excretion patterns differed from women to women. There were no consistent differences between the menorrhagic and the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Influence of copper intrauterine contraceptive devices (Cu-7-IUD) on the menstrual blood-loss.

In a series of 43 healthy women menstrual blood loss was determined before and after insertion of copper IUD (Gravigard). The menstrual blood loss before insertion was compared with the blood loss 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 12 months after insertion. An increase amounting to approximately 20 ml per period without significant variations during the study was recorded. No significant influence upon serum iron and TIBC was found in 15 of the subjects selected by random. Compared with plastic IUD's the tested copper IUD causes a less pronounced increase of the menstrual blood loss. The menstrual blood loss in a small group of women with menorrhagia was determined before and up to 5 months after insertion of copper IUD. No aggravation of the menorrhagia was however recorded in this group.

Blood↗