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Biomedical subjects

G Rumi

Publications and source records attributed to G Rumi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Variations in the taste function of smokers].

Cigarette smoke is linked to many pathologies and also affects a very important aspect of human physiology that is taste. In fact already in the past years, researchers have worked on this phenomenon and have come to the conclusion that smoke influences the perception of bitter taste. In our study we researched the detection and identification threshold in thirty smokers, for the citric acid, quinine, sodium chloride and saccharose, and it turned out that smokers suffer a raise in quinine identification and sodium chloride detection and identification threshold. On the basis of the results obtained with sodium chloride, a theory on hypertension etiopathogenesis is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Inter-hospital mobile oesophago-gastro-bulboscopy emergency service.

Oesophago-gastro-bulboscopy was performed in 102 cases of acute massive haematemesis and/or melaena in different hospitals or clinics in the town of Pécs, the condition of the patients having been in general incompatible with transport to the endoscopic laboratory. The aetiology of the bleeding was clarified in 90 cases, it remained unidentified in 8 cases, though it was successfully localized. Fibreoptic endoscopy is regarded as an essential tool of early aetiological diagnosis of upper digestive tract bleedings even in centres lacking modern equipment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Fiberscopic diagnosis of gastric carcinoma: results of a two-stage screening.

After preliminary screening, 162 cases of gastric carcinoma were diagnosed by fiberscopy. Microscopic study revealed that 13 of these cases, i. e. 8% were in the early stage. The clinical features of these early cases are analysed. It is concluded that 1. persistent gastric symptoms call for fiberscopic investigation even if the previous finding was negative. 2. The relative youth dose not exclude early gastric cancers. 3. Improvement of the detection rate of early gastric carcinoma rests with the use of fiberscopy in combination with gastric biopsy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastrin and pentagastrin enhance the tumour proliferation of human stable cultured gastric adenocarcinoma cells.

The effect of gastrin on stimulating tumour proliferation has been evaluated on human pancreas cancer cells in culture and in tumours transplanted to nude mice. The presence of CCK-B/gastrin-like receptor responsible for that effect of gastrin has been proved in colonic (WiDr, HT-29, YAMC) and pancreatic (PANC-1, BON) cell lines. The aim of our study was to examine the stimulating effect of gastrin and pentagastrin on the growth of human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line. The human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS, CRL-1739) was purchased from ATCC (Rockville, MA, USA). Gastrin-17 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Budapest, Hungary), pentagastrin was from Zeneca Limited (Macclasfield, UK). The cells were incubated in DMEM containing 10% FCS on 96-well culturing plate with 10(4) cells/well starting cell number at 37 degrees C with 5% CO2. The proliferation rates were detected: by the measurements of the metabolically active cells with Owen's reagent and the determination of protein content, and by cell counting in a haemocytometer at several incubation times. As a result, we detected similar proliferation rates using gastrin-17 or pentagastrin in the incubation medium. The stimulating effect of gastrin/pentagastrin on cell line proliferation was in correlation with its concentration. Our results proved that pentagastrin is a 10 times less effective stimulator of proliferation of gastric cancer than gastrin-17, and that AGS human adenocarcinoma cell line might be CCK receptor positive.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decrease of serum carotenoids in Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is frequently complicated by various nutritional disturbances. Although it is important to correct these disturbances, the nutritional status of CD patients has been poorly documented, especially concerning vitamin status. The aims of this study were (a) to measure the serum concentrations of vitamin A and six other carotenoids (lutein, zeaxanthin, alpha-, beta-carotene, alpha-, beta-cryptoxanthin) in patients with CD and to compare them with those in healthy controls and (b) to follow the changes of serum carotenoid levels in CD patients during treatment. Twenty-eight patients with CD and 23 healthy persons were included in this study. The results of twelve patients were followed up through one year. The patients were free of any nutritional treatment. The serum concentrations of carotenoids were measured with high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The serum concentrations of five carotenoids were significantly lower in the patients than in the controls (vitamin A, zeaxanthin: P < 0.001; alpha-, beta-carotene: P < 0.01; lutein: P < 0.05). The carotenoid status of the followed patients advanced to the normal range, but this increase was not significant. These findings suggest that there is a deficiency of vitamin A and its provitamins in Crohn' s disease prior to treatment. However, because we did not evaluate the vitamin intake in this study, we could not conclude which of the factors--poor intake, increased requirement, or malabsorption--was more important in decreasing of carotenoid levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changes of serum carotenoids in patients with esophageal, gastric, hepatocellular, pancreatic and colorectal cancer.

UNLABELLED: The serum levels of carotenoids (vitamin A, lutein, zeaxanthin, alfa- and beta cryptoxanthin, alfa- and beta-carotene) were measured in healthy persons (n=40) and in 98 patients with different malignant gastrointestinal diseases (44 patients with colon adenocarcinoma, 21 with gastric cancer, 15 with hepatocellular adenocarcinoma, 10 patients with pancreas adenocarcinoma and eight patients with esophagus cancer). The serum levels of carotenoids were measured with high-pressure liquid chromatography. The sera of the patients were taken at the time of the diagnosis. RESULTS: the measurements indicated that (1) the serum level of vitamin A and zeaxanthin were significantly lower in all of these groups (except of pancreas adenocarcinoma), but the extent of the A decrease was different in the patients with different types of gastrointestinal malignancy. The serum level of vitamin A was in the healthy subjects 2.072+/-0.332 mmol/l and in the case of gastrointestinal malignancies was 0.77+/-0.14 mmol/l (P<0.001) The serum level of zeaxanthin was in the healthy subjects 0.143+/-0.057 mmol/l and at the malignancies was 0.042+/-0.014 mmol/l (P<0.01). (2) There were no significant differences in the serum levels of other carotenoids in the checked groups. (3) The serum level of cholesterol, total protein, albumin and haemoglobin were in the normal range in these patients. These results indicate that the carotenoids may be responsible nutritional factors (as nutritional scavengers) in the development of different malignant diseases. This supposed role in the carcinogenesis does not depend fully on the vitamin A activity.

Carotenoids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of the factor V Leiden mutation in human inflammatory bowel disease with different activity.

BACKGROUND: the developmental mechanism of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients is unknown, but it may be influenced by different environmental and genetical factors. AIMS of this study were: (1) to classify the IBD patients according the disease activity; and (2) to determine the presence of factor V Leiden mutation in IBD patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: the observation was carried out in 49 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and 29 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). None of them had a history of thrombotic episodes. IBD was diagnosed by conventional clinical, endoscopic, radiological and histological criteria. The factor V Leiden mutation was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) was evaluated using the method of the National Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study. We determined the UC disease activity according to Truelove-Witts classification. RESULTS: The prevalence of factor V Leiden mutation was increased in both populations of the patients to compare it with healthy persons (14.28 and 27.58% vs. 5.26%, n=7/49 and 8/29 vs. 3/57). The statistical analysis did not show a significant relationship between the CDAI or the Truelove-Witts grade in UC and the presence of Leiden mutation. CONCLUSION: the presence of factor V Leiden mutation probably has a role in the development of IBD. Our results suggest a higher prevalence of this mutation in Central European patients than in Southern, Northern Europe or America, may be due to the genetical differences of these populations.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Leiden mutation (as genetic) and environmental (retinoids) sequences in the acute and chronic inflammatory and premalignant colon disease in human gastrointestinal tract.

BACKGROUND: Tumor, calor, dolor, pallor and functio laesa are together involved in the different acute and chronic inflammatory processes. The processes involved in the inflammation are determined by differently acquired and hereditary factors. Recently the presence of a new genetic marker (Leiden point mutation) was found in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. On the other hand, the GI mucosal integrity was proven on gastrointestinal mucosal damage to be produced by different chemicals, xenobiotics, drugs. In human observations, the serum level of retinoids (vitamin A, lutein, zeaxanthin, alpha-, beta-carotene) was proven in patients with chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory bowel disease. The aims of this study were (1) to measure the prevalence of Leiden mutation; (2) to identify the changes in the serum retinoid level in patients with Helicobacter pylori infection of the stomach (n=24), hepatitis C infection (n=75), ileitis terminalis (Crohn's disease; n=49), ulcerative colitis (n=35), colon polyposis (n=59) and adenocarcinoma in colon polyps (n=9), and 57 healthy persons were used in the control group; (3) to compare the directions of the changes in the measured parameters in the acute (H. pylori and hepatitis C infections), chronic (ileitis terminalis, ulcerative colitis) GI inflammatory diseases and in colon polyposis without and with malignisation. METHODS: The Leiden mutation was measured by the method of polymerase chain reaction, the retinoid level in the patient's serum was measured by high liquid cromathografic method (HPCL). RESULTS: (1) It has been found that the prevalence of Leiden mutation increased significantly in patients with ileitis terminalis (P<0.001), ulcerative colitis (P<0.001), colon polyposis (P<0.001) and with colon polyps with malignisation (P<0.01). (2) Serum level of vitamin A and zeaxantin were decreased significantly in all group of patients except for the group with H. pylori infections. (3) alpha- and beta-carotenes were found to be practically at the same level as those in the control groups, except in patients of colon polyps with malignisation. (4) The vitamin A, lutein, zeaxantin, alpha- and beta-carotenes were decreased in patients with ileitis terminalis. CONCLUSIONS: (1) The essential role of retinoids (carotenoids) as environmental factors are suggested for keeping GI mucosal integrity in human healthy subjects and patients. (2) Leiden mutation, as a genetic marker, can be used in the screening of patients with ileitis terminalis, ulcerative colitis and colon polyposis (without and with malignisation). (3) An opposite direction can be found between the increased prevalence of Leiden mutation and decrease of serum levels of retinoids in group of patients with ileitis terminalis, ulcerative colitis and colon polyposis (without and with malignisation).

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

3-D surface profile analysis: different finishing methods for resin composites.

A microfilled and hybrid resin composites used for esthetic restoration were finished and polished using four methods: Enhance system, Sof-Lex system, Multi-step system and Identoflex points. The tested materials were condensed into cylindrical molds, covered with a Mylar matrix at the surface to be tested and incrementally cured according to manufacturers' instructions. Samples were randomized into four groups of three for each material and were finished/polished using the different methods. The samples were then analyzed by a 3-D surface profiler to obtain roughness average (Ra), root mean square value (rms), greatest distance peak-valley (PV), measure of profile about the center line (Rsk) and measure of steepness of the amplitude density curve of the roughness profile (Rku) directly from the tested area. This method offers the advantage of being error-free. All parameters were determined for each sample and the mean of each parameter was determined for each group. ANOVA and Sheffé's test were employed to determine whether significant differences existed. The Enhance and Multi-step systems gave the best finish and polish for both materials.

Analysis of Variance↗