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Biomedical subjects

G Ruckdeschel

Publications and source records attributed to G Ruckdeschel.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Bacteriaemia associated with endoscopic sclerotherapy of oesophageal varices.

Studies on the incidence of bacteraemia following endoscopic injection sclerotherapy produce equivocal results. Accordingly, we performed a prospective study in 24 patients who underwent a total of 40 sclerotherapy sessions. Blood was drawn before, during, and 5 minutes, 30 minutes, 3 hours and 24 hours after sclerotherapy. Transient bacteraemia (mostly during and 5 minutes after sclerotherapy) was detected in 21 (53%) procedures. The bacteraemic events bore no relation to febrile episodes. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were alpha-haemolytic Streptococcus spp. and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp.. We conclude that injection sclerotherapy is associated with a high incidence of bacteraemia which, however, in most cases is transient and does not lead to septic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Septicemia caused by Kingella kingae.

A case of Kingella kingae septicemia following acute gastroenteritis is described. Intravenous antibiotic treatment with mezlocillin and tobramycin led to rapid and sustained recovery. The infection with Kingella kingae may have been food-borne.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Susceptibility of Legionella spp. to imipenem and 27 other beta-lactam antibiotics.

With 28 beta-lactam antibiotics the susceptibilities of 60 strains of Legionella spp. (49 Legionella pneumophila and 11 ATCC type strains of other Legionella species) were determined. Agar dilution testing was used on buffered charcoal-yeast extract agar to which 0.1% alpha-ketoglutarate was added. The most active of the penicillins tested were ampicillin (MIC = 0.06-8 mg/l) and temocilin (MIC = 0.125 - 16 mg/l); the most active cephalosporins were ceftazidime (MIC = 0.03 - 0.5 mg/l), HR 810 (MIC = 0.06 - 1 mg/l) and cefoxitin (MIC = 0.125 - 2 mg/l). Of all the drugs tested imipenem had the most pronounced activity (MIC = .0075 - 0.06 mg/l).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Benzylamines: synthesis and evaluation of antimycobacterial properties.

The synthesis of benzylamines with various N-alkyl chains and substituents in the aromatic system as well as their evaluation on Mycobacterium tuberculosis H 37 Ra are described. The most active compounds in this test, N-methyl-3-chlorobenzylamine (19, MIC 10.2 micrograms/mL), N-methyl-3,5-dichlorobenzylamine (93, MIC 10.2 micrograms/mL), and N-butyl-3,5-difluorobenzylamine (103, MIC 6.4 micrograms/mL), also exhibited a marked inhibitory effect on Mycobacterium marinum and Mycobacterium lufu used for the determination of antileprotic properties. The combinations of 93 with aminosalicylic acid, streptomycin, or dapsone exert marked supra-additive effects on M. tuberculosis H 37 Ra.

Amines↗
PubMed1984

Nosocomial septicemia in patients undergoing sclerotherapy for variceal hemorrhage.

The data of 19 consecutive unselected patients undergoing emergency sclerotherapy who were admitted to a single intensive care unit throughout the course of one year, were analyzed retrospectively for clinical and bacteriological signs of septicemia after the first sclerotherapy session. Ten had fever and/or chills, and in six of these patients microorganisms were cultured from arterial blood or central venous catheter tips. The data show that about one-third of patients with liver cirrhosis and acute variceal hemorrhage undergoing emergency sclerotherapy may develop septic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Febrile illness in successive cohorts of tourists at a hotel on the Italian Adriatic coast: evidence for a persistent focus of Legionella infection.

Outbreaks of febrile illness consistent with legionellosis occurred in successive groups of vacationers at an Adriatic resort in 1980. Illness was associated with one of two hotels used by the groups. A cohort study of guests of the suspect hotel revealed 23 cases of febrile illness with pulmonary symptoms, significant antibody titers to Legionella pneumophila, or both, among 291 persons at risk. Two patients died. Attack rates ranged from 0-19% in the nine cohorts of vacationers and were highest among the most elderly. Febrile illness in the last two cohorts of the season was associated with an antibody titer greater than or equal to 128. L. pneumophila was isolated from shower heads in the suspect hotel, but no association was found between showering and illness or seropositivity. Bacteria identified as L. pneumophila by direct immunofluorescence were also found in water from an adjacent hotel and from the outflow from a common well. No cases were associated with the adjacent hotel.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Clostridium difficile and antibiotic-associated colitis in risk patients: 2-month epidemiologic study in an intensive care unit].

A toxin produced by Clostridium difficile has been implicated in the pathogenesis of antibiotic-associated colitis. It is not known how often the microorganism is encountered in Germany particularly in high risk patients. Therefore, following a lethal case of colitis, stool samples of 90 patients and 30 staff members of an intensive care unit were screened routinely for C. difficile over 2 months. The organism was found in 6 of 41 patients treated with antibiotics (14.6%); four of them apparently acquired C. difficile while in hospital whereas in 2 a pre-existing carrier state could not be excluded. Colitis developed in 3 of the 6 patients as judged from endoscopy or a positive cytotoxin assay; in 2 patients (not subjected to endoscopy) colitis was suspected on clinical grounds, and 1 patient became an asymptomatic carrier. C. difficile was not found in 49 patients without antibiotic medication, in the health personal and in 12 patients of a general ward. Patients harbouring C. difficile were clustered in certain bed sites of the unit. Environmental studies recovered the microorganism from bed pan washing machines of bedridden and from toilets of ambulant patients but not from other sites like the hands of the personal. These results suggest that chronic carriers of C. difficile, as far as they are identified by current bacteriological methods, are rare in Germany (not more than 2 out of 132 persons investigated, i.e. 1.5%). The frequent finding of C. difficile in patients treated in certain bed sites supports the view that the infection may be acquired from exogenous sources. Antibiotic-associated colitis should be considered more often when intensive care patients are treated with antibiotics.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Distribution of auxotypes and correlation to antibiotic susceptibility of 169 recent clinical Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from Munich.

In Munich 169 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae were investigated with respect to nutritional profiles (auxotypes) and antibiotic susceptibility. Of the 165 penicillin-susceptible strains 97 proved to be prototrophic (auxotype 1), 42 proline-dependent (auxotype 2). Only 3 arginine-, hypoxanthine- and uracil-dependent strains (auxotype 14) were found. A total of 10 different auxotypes were identified among the non-penicillinase-producing strains and one among the penicillinase producers. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of penicillin G ranged from 0.01 to 1 microgram/ml, those of cefuroxime from 0.001 to 4 mg/ml; tetracycline and kanamycin had a narrow spectrum of effective concentrations, from 0.25 to 8 micrograms/ml and from 4 to 64 micrograms/ml respectively. The type 14 strains showed the well-known high susceptibility to penicillin G.

Cefuroxime↗
PubMed1983

Effects of pentachloronitrobenzene and some of its known and possible metabolites on fungi.

Fungicidal activities of pentachloronitrobenzene and derivatives were tested with Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Microsporon canis. In relation to pentachloronitrobenzene, no increasing fungistatic activities were found with cysteine derivatives. Rising fungistatic activities were seen with pentachlorophenylmethylsulfone and, in some of the strains, with pentachloronitrosobenzene, pentachlorothiophenol, pentachlorophenol, pentachloroaniline, pentachlorophenylmethylsulfoxide, the isomeric tetrachloronitrobenzenes, tetrachlorothiophenols, tetrachlorophenols, and tetrachloroanilines.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

In vitro antibacterial activity of gramicidin and tyrothricin.

815 recent clinical isolates of different species representing pathogenic or saprophytic constituents of human microbial flora were submitted to agar dilution tests. In concentrations above 64 micrograms/ml tyrothricin is in general equally as gramicidin or slightly more effective whereas below 8 micrograms/ml gramicidin is mostly more effective than tyrothricin. Of 401 streptococci all were inhibited by tyrothricin and gramicidin in concentrations up to 96 micrograms/ml; staphylococci were more resistant. The pathogenic species of 130 strains of gram-negative cocci were more susceptible than the saprophytic species. Haemophilus strains were mostly resistant to gramicidin and to a lesser extent to tyrothricin. Enterobacteriaceae were totally resistant to both antibiotics.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), microagglutination test (MA) and enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in diagnosis of legionellosis.

Lipopolysaccharide was extracted with cold phenol water from Legionella pneumophila and used as antigen for ELISA. IgG and IgM antibodies were measured with the ELISA and the immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Agglutinating antibodies were measured by the microagglutination (MA) test. In tests on sera from 27 patients with confirmed Legionella infections predominantly due to L. pneumophila serogroup 1 the results with the ELISA, the IFA and the MA were compared to each other. Antibody titers obtained by the ELISA were in general much higher than those obtained by both other tests. The ELISA proved to be the most sensitive method (IgG: 91.3%, IgM: 52.2%) whereas the sensitivities of IFA and MA were IgG: 69.6%, IgM: 30.4% and 60.9%, respectively. There was low correlation of the IgG antibody titers but good correlation of the IgM titers. Further 49 sera from patients without Legionella infection were screened to calculate the specificities of the three tests which were equally good with all methods (98%).

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1983

Species specific membrane proteins of Legionellaceae.

The protein composition of the outer membrane and the whole cell wall of 21 strains representing 14 different serotypes of seven different Legionella species has been determined by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The insoluble residue after extraction of cell envelopes with sodium laurylsarcosinate was considered to represent the outer membrane. Alternatively isopycnic sucrose density gradient centrifugation could be used; this approach gave similar results to the detergent method. Furthermore the effect of different methods of inactivation, e.g. treatment of the organisms with formaldehyde, heat or either on the outer membrane proteins was investigated. Each of 14 strains from seven serogroups of Legionella pneumophila yielded identical patterns of outer membrane proteins. The most prominent feature is a L. pneumophila specific major outer-membrane protein with a molecular weight of 29,000 dalton. This characteristic component was present after every method of inactivation and could also be found as a prominent protein band in total membrane preparations of non-inactivated L. pneumophila. More protein bands were observed after heat or ether inactivation than after formaldehyde inactivation. None of the other Legionella species under investigation contained the characteristic 29,000 dalton major outer membrane protein of Legionella pneumophila. Under all preparation conditions Legionella micdadei showed a characteristic intensively staining protein of 39,000 dalton. Neither the 29,000 dalton protein of L. pneumophila nor the 39,000 dalton component of L. micdadei were present in any of the other Legionella species. These other Legionella species exhibited on the contrary no single dominant membrane component but some weaker staining protein bands were observed and these were characteristic for each species. Both serogroups of Legionella longbeachae yielded identical patterns. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1982

[Legionnaires' disease: prospective study of its incidence, clinical features and prognosis. (author's transl)].

In a prospective study (from April, 1980 to April, 1981) of 110 patients with moderately severe to severe pneumonia 11 were found to have 12 manifestations of Legionnaires' disease. Diagnosis was proven by indirect immunofluorescence tests, either a quadruple titre rise to 1 : 128 or a single titre of at least 1 : 256. The clinical picture in all 11 patients was the typical one of severe pneumonia, usually involving the lower lobes, high fever between 39 and 40.4 degrees C, as well as WBC counts between 6.8 and 28.9 X 10(9)/l. In nine cases artificial ventilation was required, in four there was acute renal failure requiring dialysis, in four other definite renal insufficiency. All patients had underlying disease, in some severe, such as chronic obstructive lung disease, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, liver cirrhosis, renal transplantation or extensive operations. Eight patients died, four of them of Legionnaires; disease. The relatively high infection rate (10%) indicates that in patients with risk factors, as well as those with a pneumonia unresponsive to the standard treatment within five to seven days, Legionnaires' disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Acute Kidney Injury↗