Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Rubin

Publications and source records attributed to G Rubin.

104 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1971

Tibial rotation.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pediatric brain stem gliomas: an update.

It has become evident that pediatric brain stem gliomas are a heterogeneous pathology and should be classified according to clinical and radiological criteria. This classification has contributed to better treatment and greatly improved prognosis. Based on a review of the literature, we describe the different types of brain stem astrocytomas reported, which are: cervicomedullary, exophytic, cystic, focal and diffuse. Particular attention is paid to therapeutic modalities. For the first three lesions named the treatment is surgical and oncological therapy should be evaluated only for regrowth of the mass. Focal tumors of the medulla and pons are still treated empirically (surgically and/or with radiotherapy), because a definitive therapeutic protocol has not yet been elaborated; on the other hand it is well established that if the focal mass is in the midbrain this should merely be monitored by means of serial MRI, while radiotherapy should be applied in the event of the tumor's growth. Diffuse gliomas are treated with oncological therapy, and surgery (for biopsy or tumor excision) is not indicated. Five illustrative cases from our department are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Remote effects of acute ischemic stroke: A xenon CT cerebral blood flow study.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to verify transhemispheric diaschisis in the early hours after an ischemic event. METHODS: XeCT cerebral blood flow (CBF) studies within 8 h of stroke were studied in 23 patients. Mean CBF was evaluated in the ischemic area, contralateral hemisphere and ipsilateral cerebellum. RESULTS: A severe CBF reduction was found in the ischemic area (mean 9 +/- 3 ml/100 g/min). The mean CBF in the unaffected hemisphere (33 +/- 10 ml/100 g/min) was 35% less compared to the normal mean value. CBF was decreased in the cerebellum ipsilateral to the stroke (mean 31 +/- 12 ml/100 g/min) suggesting a blood flow depression of the whole brain. CONCLUSIONS: During the initial hours of cerebral ischemia, the asymptomatic hemisphere demonstrated CBF depression that was part of the global flow reduction.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between cerebral blood flow and clinical outcome in acute stroke.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements in acute stroke and early clinical outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The xenon-enhanced computed tomography (XeCT) CBF studies performed in 50 patients in the acute stage (within 8 h) of a hemispheric stroke were retrospectively analyzed. The mean CBF of the symptomatic vascular territory was compared to the corresponding territory in the contralateral hemisphere. Clinical assessment on admission and discharge was performed using the National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS). RESULTS: Three groups were defined according to the degree of CBF asymmetry between the symptomatic and the contralateral asymptomatic vascular region. The CBF asymmetry was mild in group A (< or =20%), moderate in group B (>20% and <60%) and severe in group C (> or =60%). Patients in group A (n = 18) had a good outcome with a mean NIHSS score of 2 +/- 2 at discharge. In group B, the patients (n = 22) had intermediate but variable outcomes: 2 patients died and the mean NIHSS score for the survivors was variable (mean NIHSS score: 9 +/- 6). The patients in group C (n = 10) had a very poor outcome: 4 patients died and the survivors had a mean NIHSS score of 15 +/- 1. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative XeCT CBF measurements may be useful for selecting subgroups of stroke patients with different clinical outcomes. The possibility of predicting patient prognosis as early as in the first hours after the ischemic event may help to identify the appropriate target population that will benefit from aggressive stroke therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The orthopedic surgeon and rehabilitation engineering.

Rapid advancements in technology in the past 30 years have brought about a close relationship between medicine and engineering. Part of this has been the close association of orthopedics and the prosthetics and orthotics technologies. In recent years, advances in other aspects of rehabilitation engineering have taken place; these have been partly based on the technology established by research in prosthetics and orthotics. The rapid progress in rehabilitation engineering now demands the attention of orthopedists. The role of the rehabilitation engineer is defined, and some examples are given of the kinds of problems confronted by the rehabilitation engineering clinic team. Especially as further progress takes place, the orthopedic surgeon and the prosthetist-orthotist need to obtain more knowledge of the technical aids needed to restore independence to the disabled.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Reversible ischemia determined by xenon-enhanced CT after 90 minutes of complete basilar artery occlusion.

Intraarterial thrombolytic therapy decreases mortality in the treatment of acute basilar artery occlusion. An acute decrease in cerebral blood flow (CBF) (<12 mL/100 g per minute) has been reported to invariably result in infarction. We report a case of acute basilar artery occlusion, recanalized within 90 minutes, with reversal of CBF of less than 6 mL/100 g per minute. After reperfusion, areas with persistent CBF of 6 mL/100 g per minute resulted in infarctions on subsequent CT studies. Parenchymal viability is possible after 90 minutes of posterior CBF of 6 mL/100 g per minute.

Acute Disease↗