Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G Rosenthal.
Health economics is a specialized field of economic science that applies the economic perspective to the fields of health, the medical-industrial complex and health services. A brief review of the evolution of this speciality by subject, as well as the level achieved assessed in terms of generation, diffusion, reproduction and application of its specialized knowledge, is presented.
We describe the treatment of focal trachomatous trichiasis with argon green laser. We treated 70 eyelashes in 17 patients with 80% success and found this treatment modality convenient both for the patient and the practitioner.
The objective of this study was to validate reports on the bilaterality status of breast cancer in first-degree relatives of women with a strong family history of the disease; i.e., women with 1) two first-degree relatives who have, or have had, breast cancer; 2) one first- and one second-degree affected relative; or 3) one first-degree relative with diagnosis of breast cancer before the age of 50 years and/or bilateral breast cancer. We were able to obtain hospital records for 94 affected relatives of 83 patients who agreed to participate in the study. The accounts of these women were compared to the bilaterality status indicated in the hospital records of the affected relatives. Inconsistencies that might have been attributed to incomplete medical records were resolved through personal interviews with the participants, and when indicated, with other family members or the physician of the affected relative. Overall, 89.4% (84/94) of the reports validated in this manner were correct. Participants who reported unilateral breast cancer in a first-degree relative were correct 94.4% (68/72) of the time. Similarly, 94.0% (47/50) of the accounts concerning affected living relatives were accurate, regardless of whether the participant had indicated unilateral or bilateral disease. However, participants who reported bilateral breast cancer in a deceased relative were accurate only 61.5% (8/13) of the time. Incorrect reports were associated with misunderstanding of medical terminology, especially if the participant was young at the time of the diagnosis of her relative.
We report on the use of mitomycin drops after the surgical removal of pterygiums in 70 patients. Our results justify the use of mitomycin as a standard postoperative procedure in preference to other treatments.
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Senior's syndrome includes nephronophthisis with retinitis pigmentosa. In our patient, there was a combination of bilateral retinitis pigmentosa, cataracts, nephronophthisis, osteomalacia, growth and mental retardation, arterial hypertension, and aortic insufficiency. This case was unusual because all the features of Senior's syndrome existed along with bilateral cataracts from childhood.
We compared the severity of ataxic and spastic dysarthria with local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (lCMRGlc) in 30 patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA). Perceptual analysis was used to examine the speech disorders, and rating scales were devised to quantitate the degree of ataxia and spasticity in the speech of each patient. lCMRGlc was measured with 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose and positron emission tomography (PET). PET studies revealed marked hypometabolism in the cerebellar hemispheres, cerebellar vermis, and brainstem of OPCA patients compared with 30 control subjects. With data normalized to the cerebral cortex, a significant inverse correlation was found between the severity of ataxia in speech and the lCMRGlc within the cerebellar vermis, cerebellar hemispheres, and brainstem, but not within the thalamus. No significant correlation was found between the severity of spasticity in speech and lCMRGlc in any of these structures. The findings support the view that the severity of ataxia in speech in OPCA is related to the functional activity of the cerebellum and its connections in the brainstem.
We compared the severity of motor dysfunction with local cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (lCMRGlc) and the degree of tissue atrophy in 30 patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA). We devised a scale to quantitate the degree of ataxia in the neurological examinations. lCMRGlc was measured with 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose and positron emission tomography (PET). Tissue atrophy was assessed by visual rating of computed tomographic scans. PET studies revealed marked hypometabolism in the cerebellar vermis, cerebellar hemispheres, and brainstem of OPCA patients compared with 30 control subjects. A significant correlation was found between severity of motor impairment and lCMRGlc within the cerebellar vermis, both cerebellar hemispheres, and the brainstem. A significant but weaker relationship was noted between the degree of tissue atrophy in these regions and clinical severity. Partial correlation analysis revealed that motor dysfunction in OPCA correlated more strongly with lCMRGlc than with the amount of tissue atrophy. These results suggest that the clinical manifestations of OPCA are more closely related to the metabolic state of the tissue than to the structural changes in the cerebellum.
The author uses Freud's ideas on the natural period of an analysis as a theoretical background for the presentation of a clinical case. The patient came to analysis as a girl of 15. For the two years before the consultation Inés had suffered from 'absences' when faced with situations she has found difficult to cope with. There appeared to be no neurological basis for these absences of consciousness. The analysis has now lasted for two and a half years. The author presents the facts of the case with a view to the response of his readers as to the indications for termination. He asks for the ideas of his readers on what criteria should be taken for the beginning of termination: the disappearance of symptoms, the working through of the oedipal conflict, the resolution of the transference neurosis, or some combination of these and other indications.
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The antithrombotic potential of the thromboxane (TX) synthetase inhibitor CGS 13080 (CGS) was studied in an anesthetized open-chest canine model of coronary artery intimal wall injury induced by the local application of a low amperage electrical current (100 microA for 6 hr). CGS was administered by i.v. infusion (1 mg/kg/min) beginning 30 min before applying the direct current to the intimal wall of the vessel. CGS did not alter basal values for heart rate, blood pressure or coronary blood flow. After 6 hr of current application to the vessel, 1 of 10 CGS-treated dogs exhibited complete thrombotic occlusion of the circumflex coronary artery compared to 8 of 10 nontreated control dogs (P less than .01). Thrombus masses within the injured left circumflex coronary artery were: Control, 25.9 +/- 4.5 mg (n = 10) and CGS, 11.0 +/- 2.8 mg (n = 10); P less than .01. The concentration of TXB2 determined ex vivo in serum from thrombin-activated whole blood was decreased by CGS administration: Control, 43.15 +/- 16.08 ng/ml (n = 9) vs. CGS, 1.72 +/- .69 ng/ml (n = 10); P less than .001. Ex vivo platelet aggregometry demonstrated that arachidonic acid (0.65 mM)-induced aggregation was reduced from a control value of 82.3 +/- 7.8% (n = 10) to 45.0 +/- 11.3% (n = 10) (P less than .05), whereas aggregation in response to ADP (5 micrograms/ml) or collagen (156 and 312 micrograms/ml) was unaffected. CGS was compared with two other TX synthetase inhibitors, U63557A and OKY1581, for the ability to divert cyclic endoperoxide metabolism to the synthesis of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and prostacyclin in response to stimulation of whole blood in vitro with collagen (25 micrograms/ml). CGS, U63557A and OKY 1581 were found to be equally effective with respect to PGE2 and 6-keto PGF1 alpha production in vitro. The data demonstrate that CGS is an effective antithrombotic agent in vivo and that it selectively inhibits arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation ex vivo and the formation of TXA2 in thrombin-activated whole blood.
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The initiation region of the MS2 replicase cistron can be isolated as a fragment 59 bases in length protected from RNAase by the binding of the coat protein which serves as a translational repressor. This fragment MS2 R(-53 leads to 6) starts 53 bases before the initiation codon and retains full activity in binding ribosomes. We have investigated the functional activity in initiation of a series of fragments from this region variously shortened from the 5'-end. Ribosome protected fragments starting 17 or 21 bases before the AUG are unable to rebind to ribosomes. The shortest fragment which has this activity was produced by partial S1 nuclease digestion and starts 33 to 35 bases before the AUG. The initiation signal comprises some nucleotides between 21 and 33 bases before the initiation codon and the regulatory region responsible for initiation is longer than that protected by the ribosome in the final initiation complex.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.