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Biomedical subjects

G Romano

Publications and source records attributed to G Romano.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The surgical treatment of anorectal malignant melanoma.

The clinical presentation and surgical treatment of 21 patients with anorectal melanoma over a 44 year period have been analysed. During the first 24 years of this period total rectal excision was regarded as the treatment of choice and since then wide local excision. Two groups of patients emerge for comparison of the results of surgical treatment. There were no long-term survivors in either group and little difference between survival rates after either procedure. It was concluded that the change from radical to conservative surgery for anorectal melanoma has made no difference in terms of survival and the possible advantages of this change have been discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A simple vascular access for hemodialysis in "desperate" cases.

Direct anastomosis between the distal superficial femoral artery and the saphenous vein for hemodialysis is a valid option whenever, after exhausting the upper extremities as a site for vascular access, an alternative procedure is required. The procedure is simple, safe and reliable. It provides excellent accessibility and long term patency rate.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMed1985

Qualitative organic analysis. I. Identification of drugs by principal components analysis of standardized thin-layer chromatographic data in four eluent systems.

Principal component analysis of standardized RF values in four eluent systems [ethyl acetate-methanol-30% ammonia (85:10:15), cyclohexane-toluene-diethylamine (65:25:10), ethyl acetate-chloroform (50:50) and acetone, with the plate dipped in potassium hydroxide solution] provided a two-component model which accounts for 73% of the total variance. The "scores" plot allowed the restriction of the range of inquiry to a few candidates. This result is of great practical significance in analytical toxicology, especially when account is taken of the cost, the time, the analytical instrumentation and the simplicity of the calculations required by the method.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1985

Intrarectal ultrasound and computed tomography in the pre- and postoperative assessment of patients with rectal cancer.

The ability of intrarectal ultrasound to recognize the local extent of disease was investigated in 23 patients with histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the lower two-thirds of the rectum before operation. Two probes, 12 cm long, working at a frequency of 3.5 and 7.5 MHz, were used. The results were compared with those of pre-operative computed tomography (CT) and with the pathological report of the resected specimens. Sonography correctly staged 20 of 23 tumours with two false negatives and one false positive, while CT correctly staged 19 of 23 tumours with two false negatives and two false positives. The results of ultrasound were found to be as accurate as those of CT; the low cost and simple use of ultrasound makes it preferable in the pre-operative assessment of the depth of invasion of rectal cancer. In addition, intrarectal ultrasound was routinely performed in 42 patients, operated on for rectal cancer by means of sphincter-saving procedures, at variable intervals in the first 2 years postoperatively. Eight local recurrences were recognized and confirmed by CT. Based on the low cost, reliability and simple use, intrarectal ultrasound is proposed as first examination for local recurrence detection in the follow-up of patients with low anterior resection for rectal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Is the antihypertensive effect of muzolimine due to volume depletion?

Long-term treatment with muzolimine in patients with essential hypertension has provided very interesting results. The administration of the drug caused an immediate significant decrease in blood pressure which was then maintained for as long as 30 months. The fall in blood pressure was initially associated with a significant decrease in body weight, a clear rise in plasma renin activity (PRA) and a significant increase in plasma aldosterone concentration; all these changes are consistent with a depletion of extracellular volume and blood volume. With time, however, the mentioned changes were reversed. Body weight, PRA and plasma aldosterone were normalized after three weeks of treatment and remained normal thereafter. This late observation suggests a normalization in extracellular fluid volume and blood volume, and an antihypertensive effect of the drug independent from volume depletion. How can this effect occur? One possible explanation is a direct vasodilatory effect of muzolimine which has been shown in experimental animals. Against such a possibility is the unsuccessful treatment of hypertension in oliguric patients on regular dialysis treatment. A second possibility is a decrease in sodium content of the arteriolar wall with the consequent decrease in vascular response to pressor agents (angiotensin II, catecholamines). A third possibility is a hemodynamic adjustment to the initial volume depletion which would normalize cardiac output and peripheral resistances (autoregulation) so that normal blood pressure is maintained as in normal subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Renal function in pregnant rats with two-kidney goldblatt hypertension.

This study was carried out in female Wistar-Münich rats with two-kidney, one-clip hypertension, using clipped normotensive rats as controls. Metabolic studies were performed in the first two weeks of pregnancy, consisting of daily measurement of systolic blood pressure (BP) (tail-cuff), body weight (BW), and salt and water balance. At the end of metabolic studies, glomerular dynamics were studied in the unclipped kidney by micropuncture. During pregnancy, urinary output of Na+ and water was greater in hypertensive than normotensive rats. The greater natriuresis accounted for a reduced Na+ retention and a lower increase in maternal BW. Micropuncture studies showed an impaired renal auto-regulation. These results show that hypertension in pregnancy causes a salt-losing tendency, that may be secondary to incomplete renal autoregulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A study of the pathology of the crush syndrome.

Subsequent to the earthquake which occurred in Southern Italy in November 1980, 19 patients were admitted to the University of Naples--II Medical School with crush syndrome. Clinical and biochemical studies were carried out in eight of them. The most interesting observation was the inconstant relation between the type of lesion and the clinical course, leading to the assumption of two diverse physiopathologic mechanisms--one for crush and the other for compression. The timely recognition of the two syndromes is difficult; an elevated creatine-creatinine ratio has been found in those patients with an irreversible crush syndrome. We believe this to be the only element which would permit a prompt distinction between the two pathologic states and which would provide an indication for early, life-saving amputation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Distribution of the values of lithaemia in the apparently healthy population of the province of Sassari and comparative evaluation of the two enzymatic colorimetric tests used].

The results obtained using the enzymatic method "Urica quant" to determine the level of uric acid in the blood of 2,892 samples of serum from apparently healthy subjects in the province of Sassari, allowed the formation of relative ranges of normality for both sexes and for various age groups: 2.1-5.1 mg% and 2-5 mg%, male and female respectively, in the group of under 10 year olds; 2.4-6.4 mg% and 2.3-5.3 mg% in the group 10-19 year olds and 3.1-7.5 mg% and 2.3-6.3 mg% in the group of over 20 year olds, male and female respectively. The determination of lithaemia with the "Urica quant" or "Urica color" method, in 500 of the subjects showed a good correlation between the two methods (r = 0.79), especially for medium to high values.

Adolescent↗