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Biomedical subjects

G Rolly

Publications and source records attributed to G Rolly.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Hundred cases of general anesthesia for laryngoscopy and/or bronchoscopy, in children under five years age (author's transl)].

The authors describe an anesthetic technique used for endoscopies (laryngo-tracheo-bronchoscopies) in 100 children under five years age. Three different apparatus for jet ventilation are used: manual injection, automatic injection and high frequency positive pressure ventilation. The first apparatus is home made. It allows control of insufflation of O2 by manual compression of a gun type injector. With the second one (Wolf injectomat), injection of O2 or O2/N2O is automatic. The aga bronchovent is used for high frequency positive ventilation with O2.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1980

Cardio-respiratory emergency: synoptic table for immediate diagnosis and action.

A new table on "Cardio-respiratory emergency," was designed for use mainly by occasional casualty doctors. It is printed in two colours, separating the diagnostic and therapeutic features. The general lay-out is from the top downward according to ABC sequence, and from the left to the right according to graduation. Also different varieties of shock are included in the table. A list with explaining key words is at the bottom of the table.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1980

Use of ICI 35868 as an anesthetic induction agent.

ICI 35868 was used to induce anesthesia in 39 ASA I patients (9 male and 30 female, aged 17-64 years), scheduled to undergo minor surgical procedures. The first 6 patients were given 1.0 mg/kg, the next 22 1.5 mg/kg and the final 11 2.0 mg/kg ICI 35868 I.V. over 30 seconds, without premedication. Anesthesia was successfully induced in 100% of patients at 2.0 mg/kg, 81% at 1.5 mg/kg and 50% at 1.0 mg/kg. Pain at the injection site occurred in 23% of patients. There were no signs of venous damage postoperatively. A small transient fall in blood pressure and some respiratory depression were seen immediately after induction; transient apnoea occurred in 27% of patients given 1.5 mg/kg and 55% given 2.0 mg/kg. Other side effects were minor and of low incidence. Three minutes after induction of anesthesia, when assessments were complete, 23 patients were given a further dose of a conventional induction agent, as they were beginning to awaken, and anesthesia was maintained in all patients by inhalational techniques. There were no untoward events during maintenance of or on recover from anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Influence of piracetam and etiracetam compared to placebo, on rCBF and parameters of brain metabolism.

On occasion of a carotid angiography in man, regional cerebral bloodflow (rCBF) was measured before and after the injection of thiopental 5 mg/kg I.V. A significant decrease of rCBF was found after thiopental, in a previous study, due to a decrease of the brainmetabolism. To study the influence of piracetam and of etiracetam on this decrease of rCBF, 22 patients received intravenously the evening before the investigation 4 g piracetam or 4 g etiracetam or placebo, as well in the morning before the investigation and 30 minutes before the injection of thiopental. Besides the rCBF also other parameters were measured: arterial pressures, cardiac output, heart rate, as well as blood gases, glucose, lactate and pyruvate in the arterial blood and the cerebral venous blood, and blood gases in the mixed venous blood. There was no influence on the decrease of rCBF neither in the piracetam or etiracetam group, compared to the placebogroup. A few scarce minor changes were seen in the other measured parameters.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1980

Effects of enflurane (Ethrane) anesthesia on children during short surgical procedures.

Enflurane, a new inhalation anesthetic agent, was administered as primary anesthetic agent to children undergoing elective surgery of +/- 20 minutes duration in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. Induction was done by enflurane (0.2 - 3.5%) given in a mixture of 50% N2O/O2 and maintenance was done with 2% enflurane and N2O/O2 mixture. Induction and recovery were rapid and uneventful. Regarding the cardiovascular system, we observed, during the first ten minutes of anesthesia, a significant drop of blood pressure which almost always returned to normal when the surgical stimulus was applied. Respiratory depression was negligiable in the spontaneously breathing patients. No ECG changes were observed. Postanesthetic side effects were minimal. Keeping in view the reports of other authors and our own results, we conclude that enflurane is a safe and well suited anesthetic in pediatric anesthesia of relatively short duration with spontaneous respiration.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1979

Influence of enflurane on cerebral blood flow in man.

Cerebral blood flow was measured by means of a 10-channel cerebrograph in anesthetised patients before and during 2% enflurane. This investigation was carried out after carotid angiography; 2-3 mCi Xe133 was injected into the internal carotid artery. The clearance curves of Xe133 were captured by 10 scintillation counters. In addition to regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), arterial blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and arterial blood gases were measured in seven adult patients. During 2% enflurane, a small, and in two regions a significant decrease in rCBF was observed. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate decreased significantly, but cardiac output did not. The decrease in PaCO2 was not significant.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1979

Double blind study of meptazinol versus pentazocine and placebo in postoperative pain treatment.

The purpose of this double blind study was to evaluate the efficiency and safety of a new analgesic drug meptazinol, compared to pentazocine and placebo, in patients suffering from postoperative pain. Subjective and objective parameters were controlled. It appeared clearly that meptazinol had a potent analgesic effect with rapid onset, but rather short duration. Analgesic effect of pentazocine appeared more slowly, but persisted for a longer time. The two active drugs had no effects on the objective parameters measured.

Azepines↗
PubMed1979

Emergency surgery for acute hyperparathyroidism: anesthetic aspects.

Hyperparathyroid crisis with hypercalcemia which is resistant to medical treatment, is a rare clinical condition which requires prompt surgical intervention. Preoperative problems, anesthetic management and postoperative evolution are discussed. A case report is described.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Advantages and dangers of artificial ventilation.

In modern anesthesiology artificial ventilation has many advantages, especially when compared to manual ventilation, nonetheless the "educated hand" of the anesthesiologist. However many dangers and pitfalls exist during controlled ventilation. A survey of them is given. In more detail are discussed: hyperventilation, hypoventilation, accidental deconnection of the tubings, accidental hyperpression, failure of the cycling mechanism, faults in fresh gas administration. A plea is made for immediate observation of the patient and respiratory dynamics when connecting a respirator.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Two cases of burns caused by misuse of coagulation unit and monitoring.

Two cases of severe burns with monitoring apparatus are described. In a female patient of 45 years, a severe third degree burn occurred by misuse of coagulation apparatus (inversion of the poles of an older Bovie apparatus), in the presence of a non-floating ECG monitoring device. A high intensity current was established from the coagulation unit, via the earth plate under the buttocks, to the indifferent electrode placed on the chest, where burns occurred. In an 8 month female baby, having laparotomy for a neuroblastoma, a third degree burn of 5 cm diameter occurred with a non-floating ECG monitor. A twin-wired disposable earth plate was placed just beneath the indifferent ECG electrode on the leg. A burning current was established between the Bovie coagulation unit and the monitor.

Burns, Electric↗
PubMed1977

Elective induction of labor conducted under lumbar epidural block. I. Labor induction by amniotomy and intravenous oxytocin.

Epidural analgesia (bupivacaine) was administered during labor after amniotomy, in some cases supplemented by intravenous oxytocin. A higher incidence of transient uterine hypertonus was seen after blocking. Fetal heart rate changes mainly took the form of bradycardia (in association with uterine hypertonus). At birth, the maternal biochemical condition was characterized by a lower degree of metabolic acidosis, compared to normal unanesthetized controls. The fetuses displayed a slight degree of hypoxia and hypercapnia. The mechanisms underlying these modifications are discussed. Epidural blockade in combination with elective induction of labor, whether or not supplemented by intravenous oxytocin, may carry a risk. Its magnitude is considered acceptable for both mother and fetus provided they are constantly under close surveillance, limited amounts of bupivacaine are administered and the second stage of labor is kept short. However, some warnings against epidural analgesia apply to patients with placental insufficiency and very active labor.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Elective induction of labor conducted under lumbar epidural block. II. Labor induction by amniotomy and intravenous prostaglandin.

Labor was electively induced at term in 117 clinically normal nulliparae and parous women by combining low amniotomy with intravenous administration of prostaglandin F2 alpha (n = 64) or prostaglandin E2 (n = 53). Analgesia was obtained by continuous lumbar epidural block with bupivacaine. The procedure was very effective in producing vaginal delivery within 24 h after prostaglandin infusion (n = 115), but it was accompanied by an extremely high incidence of uterine hypertonus. Tentative explanations for the transient uterine hyperstimulation are a direct stimulatory effect of the local anesthetic on the contractility of the myometrial fiber and/or a temporarily higher amount of circulating oxytocic compound reaching the myometrium due to local vasodilatation as a result of sympathetic nerve blockade. In some cases uterine hypertonus was associated with slowing of the basal fetal heart rate and, when severe, with the appearance of late deceleration patterns and fetal acidosis. In other cases the fetal heart rate deceleration is explained by the toxic effect of bupivacaine on the myocard. Since both the myometrial hyperactivity and the FHR alterations were temporary, fetal biochemical parameters were unaffected at completion of the first stage of labor. Because with intravenous prostaglandin uterine hyperstimulation is more difficult to avoid and regional analgesia further increases the hazard of both hypertonus and fetal heart rate deceleration, the combined application of an intravenous prostaglandin and continuous epidural analgesia should not be introduced into obstetrical practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Duration of action of analgesic supplements to anesthesia. A double-blind comparison between morphine, fentanyl and sulfentanil.

In a double-blind trial, in a total of 45 patients, sulfentanil was compared with fentanyl and morphine in equipotent doses, as a narcotic supplement to anesthesia. Initially, morphine was shown to have a significantly longer duration of effect than fentanyl and sulfentanil, which for the first 3 doses had similar durations of action to each other. Later doses of fentanyl, however, had an extended effect, presumably because of cumulation. This was not seen with sulfentanil.

Adjuvants, Anesthesia↗