Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Robbins

Publications and source records attributed to G Robbins.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Continuous infusion of high-dose 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine: a phase I and pharmacological study.

High doses of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, administered as a continuous i.v. infusion, were evaluated in a Phase I trial in 14 patients with advanced solid tumors. 1-beta-D-Arabinofuranosylcytosine was given at 250 mg/sq m/h for infusions of 12 to 36 h. The mean steady state 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine plasma level was 19.6 microM with a range of 9 to 59 microM. The principal toxicity was myelosuppression. An infusion of 18 h was well tolerated by most patients. A Phase II dose of 250 mg/sq m/h for 24 h can be used if platelet support is available. This dose schedule may be useful in the treatment of hematological disorders or in clinical combinations with DNA-damaging agents in the treatment of solid tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Lymphocytopenia in donors undergoing regular platelet apheresis with cell separators.

The effect of regular platelet apheresis on lymphocyte count was investigated in 142 platelet donors who donated up to 113 times on Haemonetics Model 30 and Fenwal Model CS-3000 cell separators. Lymphocytopenia (lymphocyte count less than 0.9 X 10(9)/l) was found in 21 out of 113 (18.6%) donors who donated solely on the Haemonetics Model 30 compared with 2 out of 100 (2%) whole blood donors and none of 100 plasmapheresis donors (P less than 0.002). Lymphocyte count was inversely related to the total number of platelet donations (r = 0.51, P less than 0.001) and total estimated lymphocyte loss (r = 0.49, P less than 0.001) suggesting a cumulative effect. T4 and T8 lymphocyte subsets were found to be reduced in each of 13 lymphocytopenic platelet donors tested but T4/T8 ratios were similar to those of controls (2.51 +/- 0.79 and 2.33 +/- 0.58 respectively). No adverse effects on platelet donor health were observed but it is suggested that platelet apheresis protocols should be designed to minimize lymphocyte loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Mitoxantrone in relapsed and refractory acute leukemia.

Mitoxantrone is a relatively new synthetic anthracenedione derivative with intercalating properties. An in vitro study with established leukemia cell lines indicated that DNA strand breaks were caused by mitoxantrone; when these were progressive after the initial insult, the cell line was sensitive to the drug. Clinical trials involved patients with relapsed and/or refractory acute leukemia. None of the patients receiving a single slow infusion of mitoxantrone achieved a complete remission. A five day treatment regimen produced an overall response rate of 48% with a complete remission rate of 25%. Toxicity in these preliminary studies was limited compared to that expected with the anthracycline antibiotics. Alopecia and nausea were the only commonly observed side effects. The trials were too short, however, to evaluate possible cardiac toxicity. Mitoxantrone is an acute and relatively nontoxic agent that merits further study to identify its role in the first line therapy of acute leukemia; such studies are underway.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Sequential studies on the role of mitoxantrone in the treatment of acute leukaemia.

Mitoxantrone, a synthetic and newly available intercalating agent, was shown to have activity in relapsed or refractory acute leukaemia, which is apparently schedule dependent. A 5-day treatment programme demonstrated impressive activity, with a 50% response rate and 24% complete remissions. Toxicity in these preliminary studies was limited compared to that expected with the anthracycline antibiotics. Mitoxantrone is an active and relatively non-toxic agent which merits further assessment prior to its incorporation in first-line therapy of acute leukaemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

Thrombocytosis and microthrombocytosis: a clinical evaluation of 372 cases.

Data on 372 patients with thrombocytosis (TC), defined as a platelet count over 500 X 10(9)/1, were accumulated in a non-biased fashion. Surgery, per se, was a common cause of TC and malignancy, if uncomplicated by infection, bleeding or surgery, was a less common cause of TC than suggested in previous surveys. The reasons for these apparent differences are discussed. Postoperative TC resolved within 30 days of surgery in the absence of complications. Transient reactive TC due to a variety of causes was accompanied by a significant fall in platelet volume in contrast to the megathrombocytosis found in postsplenectomy and myeloproliferative TC.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1980

Acute renal failure due to gold.

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is described who developed acute renal failure whilst receiving gold. This occurred despite the normal precautions of patient monitoring before each dose was given. The clinical picture suggests this was a hypersensitivity reaction to chrysotherapy.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1978

A computer program for parenteral nutrition solution preparation.

The preparation of single-bottle parenteral nutrition solutions for neonates has long posed a problem for pharmacists. Frequent formulation changes and the need for rapid supply of solutions after prescription has led to a variety of preparation techniques being developed. An interactive computer program is described which enables a nonspecialist pharmacist staff to safely and quickly produce the formula, label and fully document it from a prescription for parenteral nutrition. Ordered quantities are expressed in amounts required per kilogram per 24 hours, and are input to a computer using a "prompt" system. Features of the program include automatic compensations for all non-amino acid ingredients of a variety of commercial amino acid solutions; specified or unspecified chloride anion input; and logic checks which are tied to physiologie "danger" levels, signaling to the operator when "greater than a critical level" has been requested by the prescriber, as well as the conventional check of the logic. The program has allowed infinite variability to prescribing of all ingredients of parenteral nutrition, extremely rapid and accurate production of formulate and allows the computer storage of data about nutritional input to patients. The program is extremely simple in operation, and gives significant cuts in lag time between prescription and the commencement of the new formula.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1976

Correlation between estrogen receptor protein and carcinoembryonic antigen in normal and carcinomatous human breast tissue.

We determined estrogen receptor protein and carcinoembryonic antigen in cytosols prepared from 189 human breast carcinoma tissues, 85 benign or normal breast biopsies, and 101 tissue specimens metastatic from breast carcinoma. Carcinoembryonic antigen was observed in 70% of the primary carcinomatous tissues, 15% of the benign or normal specimens, and 51% of the metastases. Ninety-six of the 189 primary carcinomatous specimens with increased concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen were also positive for estrogen receptor protein, whereas 67 of the 72 benign or normal biopsies with low concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen were also negative for estrogen receptor protein. All five fenign specimens with positive estrogen receptor protein and normal carcinoembryonic antigen concentrations were from fibroadenomas. The concordance between estrogen receptor protein and carcinoembryonic antigen in the primary carcinomatous tissue was 66%, in metastatic carcinoma 51%, and in benign and normal tissue 85%.

Breast↗