Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G Richard

Publications and source records attributed to G Richard.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Multicentric adult secretory breast carcinoma: DNA flow cytometric findings, prognostic features, and review of the world literature.

A case of multicentric secretory breast carcinoma in a 39-year-old white female is described. Mammograms, DNA analysis, touch preparation cytology, and positive estrogen receptors are reported for the first time in this rare favorable mammary carcinoma. A review of the 33 reported cases with follow-up in adult females, including the present case, has revealed lymph node metastases in nine (27%), recurrence in four (12%), and distant metastases leading to death in two cases (6%). In patients treated with less than simple mastectomy there has been local recurrence in 4 (33%) of 12 cases and in three of the four cases (75%) greater than or equal to 2.0 cm. Increased size and lack of gross circumscription of the neoplasm and presentation in the adult age group appear to identify cases with an increased risk of disease progression. In patients over 20 years old, especially with neoplasms greater than 2 cm in diameter, modified radical mastectomy has to date achieved the most favorable outcome. Minimal experience (two cases) is available regarding treatment with limited surgery and radiation therapy, and there is no available data regarding possible benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Genetics of Hailey-Hailey familial chronic benign pemphigus].

Starting from 12 index patients with familial benign chronic pemphigus from 11 kindreds, systematic kindred examinations were carried out with 182 relatives. 11 pedigrees were established. In this process 6 patients out of 3 kindreds were identified additionally. 10 genotypic carriers of the disease were found of 30 examined relatives by a newly developed UV-provocation test. An autosomal-dominant hereditary pattern was proven for sure and with high probability, respectively, in 10 out of 11 kindreds by formal genetic genealogy-examinations. There was an incomplete penetrance in 3 kindreds. A sex-determined heredity of disease can be excluded. There was no association between familial benign chronic pemphigus and HLA-A, B, C-system.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in a fifteen-month-old boy.

A 15-month-old boy presented with hypertension, edema, heavy proteinuria, gross hematuria and renal insufficiency. A renal biopsy was consistent with classical membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type I. Although usually thought of as a disease in older children and young adults, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis can occur as early as the second year of life.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1990

[Histology of UV-induced epidermis reactions. 1. A contribution to the differentiation of sunburn cells].

The UV-induced reaction of the epidermis is marked be extra- and intracellular edema and intraepidermal vesicles. Characteristical is the appearance of sunburn cells. In semithin section they can be differentiated in two cell types: "fried egg cells" prevail as early type in the exsudative phase (type I), "dark cells" as late type in the degenerative phase (type II) of the UV-reaction.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

[Modified technics for the examination of the central visual field].

The quantitative evaluation of small central and paracentral scotomas is a problem. Examination of the central visual field with an automatic or semiautomatic field analyzer can lead to a great number of false-positive results. Therefore, we have tried to develop two modifications of perimetric techniques: they allow continuous variation of the light intensity and quantitative recording of relative scotomas. For the investigation we used the well-known caro grid. With a new arrangement of the grid lines, it is possible to analyze nerve fibre scotomas. The results of the new perimetric techniques are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Automatic compensation for the effect of eye movements in laser keratotomy].

In refractive laser surgery of the human cornea, especially in radial keratotomy, one major problem comes arises as a result of the patient's eye movements. If drugs to paralyze the muscles should be avoided, the laser beam must correspond with the eye movements. Here we present a closed loop tracking system, which uses an additional infrared optics to record the movements and a two-dimensional mechanically driven mirror to follow them. The functional principle and performance data are presented. The influence of different kinds of tracking on the therapy results are briefly discussed.

Eye Movements↗
PubMed1989

[Multiple vitelliform retinal cysts. Case report and review of the literature].

Description of a patient with multiple vitelliform retinal cysts, including the fovea, with normal EOG and no indications of hereditary origin. The changes were apparent as hypofluorescent zones in the angiogram. After three years an increase in size and partial confluence of the cysts was observed, but two years later cicatrization occurred in the previously cystic areas. So far 30 persons with multiple vitelliform cysts have been described in the literature; the principal findings in these cases are summarized in a table together with the present authors' findings. As regards heredity, two groups may be distinguished: (1) multiple cysts associated with Best's vitelliform dystrophy and (2) so-called isolated cases with no indication of heredity. All Group 1 cases seen so far have had a pathologic EOG, while in Group 2 cases the EOG may be both normal and pathologic. The average age of Group 1 patients is 31, that of Group 2 patients 39 years. The findings in Group 2 cannot be intepreted without reservation as adult or degenerative changes. Multiple vitelliform cysts must be clearly distinguished from multiple pigment epithelium detachments.

Cysts↗
PubMed1989

[New technics of examining the central visual field].

The examination of the central visual field with the help of automatic or semi-automatic field analyser leads to a great number of false negative or false positive results. Therefore, we tried to develop two modified perimetric techniques: they allow a continuous variation of light intensity and a quantitative recording of relative scotomas. For the investigation we can use a well-known card-grid. By a new arrangement of the gitter lines, it is possible to analyse nerve fiber scotomas. The results of these new perimetric techniques distinguish themselves by the fact that they can be swiftly executed and are helpful for detecting small central and paracentral scotomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Determination of the circulation in the human retina using image analysis of video-angiograms].

A method is described to determine the total retinal blood flow. Intravenous fluorescence angiography is the clinical procedure used, together with digital image processing methods. Our system consists of a standard fundus camera, a highly sensitive sensor with a low-light-level intensifier (micro-channal plate) and a CCD, a computer system including a real-time memory, an image display subsystem, and other standard peripherals (disk, magtape, terminal, etc.). The recording speed is 100 frames (noninterlaced), the image size 256 X 256 pixels, and the depth 8 bit. In order to properly track the images against the patients eye movements, it is necessary to have absolutely sharp pictures. The fundus camera is therefore equipped with a stroboscopic bulb, which gives light pulses of 0.01 ms. The stroboscope is synchronized by the electronics of the camera. After recording the images, further evaluation is done.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1988

Kinetics of interleukin-1 production by macrophages during infection with Listeria monocytogenes.

Production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) by peritoneal macrophages from mice inoculated intravenously with Listeria monocytogenes was measured at increasing intervals of infection. IL-1 activity in the 24 h macrophage supernatants was determined by using the thymocyte PHA co-mitogenesis assay. IL-1 production increased as the infection progressed, reached a peak on the 9th or 10th day and then declined progressively to approach normal values by the 20th day. Our data on the kinetics of IL-1 levels during an acute infection with L.monocytogenes are discussed in relationship to the development of cell-mediated immunity and its regulation by macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Choroidal hemodynamics using videoangiography].

The characteristics of choroidal circulation were studied in 100 healthy subjects and differentiated from pathologically delayed filling of the choroid. The method used was videoangiography, which permits slow-motion analysis of choroidal hemodynamics. The sections of the choroid which fill fastest are the macula region, the peripapillary areas and the lower periphery, followed by the temporal and upper periphery and subsequently the nasal half of the fundus. If the beginning of choroidal filling is delayed for more than 3-3.5 s in any region it is 99% certain that the delay is pathologic. If this time is set in relation to the retinal circulation it approximates the early venous circulation time, i.e., the time in which the laminary venous blood flow reaches the optic disk. Videoangiography confirms that it is not possible to detect any functionally effective links between different choroidal lobuli. Choroidal circulation disorders in the event of occlusion of functional end-arteries are a logical consequence of this. Choroidal filling varies over a broad range: five different types of choroidal filling may be distinguished. The constant patterns of choroidal veins found by Hayreh in monkeys are only partially applicable to humans; the supply pattern of the human choroid must be regarded as considerably more complex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Hemoglobin Pierre-Bénite [beta 90(F6)Glu----Asp], a new high affinity variant found in a French family.

Hemoglobin Pierre-Bénite [beta 90(F6)Glu---Asp] is a new high affinity variant (P50 = 21.5 mm Hg), with normal heme-heme interaction, found in a French family. It was difficult to detect by conventional electrophoretic methods. However, the high performance liquid chromatography profile of its tryptic peptides contained an additional peak. Amino acid analysis of the corresponding peptide and determination of its sequence allowed us to identify the mutation. No instability was found. Mutations previously recorded in position 90 of the beta-chain display a positive charge shift and a reduced affinity for oxygen, whereas Hb Pierre-Bénite shows no charge shift and increased affinity for oxygen.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hemoglobin Grange-Blanche [beta 27(B9) Ala----Val], a new variant with normal expression and increased affinity for oxygen.

Hemoglobin Grange-Blanche [beta 27(B9) Ala----Val] is a new variant found in a Portuguese family. The carriers present moderate erythrocytosis. Upon isoelectric focusing, Hb Grange-Blanche was slightly more cathodic than Hb A. beta Grange-Blanche chain migrated like the G gamma chain when submitted to electrophoresis in the presence of urea-Triton X-100. The precentage of Hb Grange-Blanche was about 50% in the heterozygous state. Oxygen affinity was increased (P50 = 22 mmHg), but heme-heme interaction was normal. An abnormal tryptic peptide (beta T3) was isolated using HPLC. Its composition allowed us to deduce unambiguously the amino acid change. The latter is the third mutation found in position 27 of the beta-chain. Because of its normal expression and its elevated affinity for oxygen, Hb Grange-Blanche contrasts with Hb Knossos [beta 27(B9) Ala----Ser], a beta-thalassemic variant with low affinity.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Association in cis of beta +-thalassemia and hemoglobin S.

A Moroccan woman was investigated because of a typical beta-thalassemia trait associated with a low-percentage (11%) hemoglobin (Hb) variant. The beta-thalassemia trait was manifested by a microcytosis, a high HbA2 (above 6%), and an increase of the alpha/beta biosynthetic ratio (1.31). The variant was identified to HbS by amino acid analysis of the abnormal peptide (beta T1) and by DNA mapping with Sau I (Mst II) restriction endonuclease. No additional amino acid substitution was recorded in the beta s-chain. The reduction of beta-globin synthesis occurred exclusively at the expense of the beta s-chain. These results are consistent with the existence of a beta s mutation and a beta +-thalassemia in cis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of the beta-blockers timolol and pindolol on retinal hemodynamics--a videoangiography study].

In a randomized double-blind study the effect of locally applied pindolol 1% and timolol 0.5% on ocular hemodynamics was tested in 19 subjects. The method used was videoangiography, which permits a quantitative analysis of the arterial, capillary and venous phases of retinal circulation. In addition to videoangiography, the Blue Field Entoptoscope was used for a simultaneous quantitative study of retinal microcirculation. The investigation showed a statistically significant negative effect of both beta-blockers on nearly all retinal circulation times as well as on microcirculation in the macular area. It could not be shown that ISA (intrinsic sympathomimetic activity) prevents the negative effect of the beta-blockers on retinal hemodynamics.

Angiography↗
PubMed1987

[Indications, technic and results of the balloon operation].

The present paper reports on 100 consecutive cases of retinal detachment treated by the balloon method. The patients were kept under observation for a minimum of 12 months postoperatively. Using the balloon method, a complete and lasting reattachment of the retina was achieved in 94% of the cases. Very careful preoperative evaluation and postoperative management are essential prerequisites for the application of this method. Multiple retinal holes can be treated provided they are close together. In order to reduce the redetachment rate due to material problems, episcleral fixation should be done routinely and the vent of the balloon secured. Additional laser coagulation is sometimes necessary postoperatively the balloon method is not only suitable for managing uncomplicated retinal detachment, but is also excellent for treating certain difficult types of detachment, e.g., in eyes previously operated on and glaucoma cases (because the intraocular pressure can be changed using the balloon). The balloon method is a new management technique for selected cases, enabling the experienced surgeon to reattach the retina with practically no complications.

Adolescent↗