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Biomedical subjects

G Re

Publications and source records attributed to G Re.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effects of a beta 2-agonist (clenbuterol) on cultured human (CG-5) breast cancer cells.

In order to gain further knowledge about the possible oestrogen-like activities of clenbuterol (a beta 2-adrenergic drug illegally used as partitioning agent in food producing animals), we treated a hormone dependent human breast cancer cell line (CG-5) with different concentrations of the drug (10(-3) M to 10(-8) M). The effects of clenbuterol and oestradiol on cell proliferation were compared. Both oestradiol and clenbuterol, at low concentrations (10(-7) M and 10(-8) M) stimulated cell proliferation, but the effects of clenbuterol were less marked and significant. Probably clenbuterol elicited cell proliferation through a different mechanism, since it did not affect the cellular oestrogen receptor concentration. Clenbuterol failed in binding to the high affinity oestrogen receptors present in the CG-5 cells. As the beta-adrenergic receptors and the susceptibility to their stimulation have been recently demonstrated in vivo and in vitro in many tumour and normal cells, it is reasonable to suppose that clenbuterol may induce cell proliferation through beta-adrenergic stimulation.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[Rhabdomyolysis during acute poisoning with drugs and narcotics. Experience with 7 clinical cases].

Numerous and extremely varied conditions (intense muscular activity, ischemia, metabolic and genetic disorders, infections, immunological diseases and toxic causes) may play a role in the genesis of non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis. Over the past years there has been an increased number of reports of forms due to drug or narcotic intoxication. Seven cases of rhabdomyolysis are reported in patients admitted to emergency wards in a state of coma due to heroin overdose (4 cases), cocaine overdose (1 case), carbamazepin (1 case), and tricyclic anti-depressives (1 case). In all cases it was possible to hypothesise a multifactorial pathogenesis of the disease in which other factors, such as acidosis, hypoxia, hypothermia and compression of the muscle mass during coma, were associated with the direct toxic damage caused by the drug. The most frequent complication was acute renal failure. One case of myocardial involvement with non-Q infarction characteristics was also observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Exocrine pancreatic involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis. A case report.

A rare case of exocrine pancreatic damage in a patient with Wegener's granulomatosis is reported. The pancreatic amino acid consumption test, a new tubeless technique, revealed exocrine pancreatic insufficiency before and after immunosuppressive therapy. The presence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in this patient raises the possibility of pancreatic involvement in Wegener's granulomatosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Pathologic changes, tissue distribution, and extent of conversion to ethylenethiourea after subacute administration of zinc ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (zineb) to calves with immature rumen function.

The toxicity of zinc ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (zineb), a widely used fungicide, was studied in four 4-week-old Friesian calves with immature rumen function. Calves were first subjected to liver biopsy, and thereafter, 3 of them were orally administered 200 mg of zineb/kg of body weight daily for 80 days, whereas the fourth calf served as control and remained untreated. Clinical, hematologic, and pathologic (including ultrastructural) findings were recorded. The distribution in body fluids and tissues of the parent compound and one of its main metabolites, ethylenethiourea (ETU), also was examined. Treated calves had unthrifty appearance and reduction in weight gain. They also had remarkable impairment of thyroid function, as reflected by reduction in serum concentrations of triiodothyronine and thyroxine and increase in weight of the thyroid gland associated with epithelial vacuolization and foci of hyperplasia. Moderate increase in liver glycogen content and impairment in maturation of germ cells were recorded consistently. Whereas zineb was widely distributed in body tissues, ETU accumulated mainly in the liver and the thyroid gland, although noticeable concentrations also were attained in muscle. Data were consistent with involvement of ETU mainly in the pathogenesis of thyroid gland lesions, and indicate that unweaned calves given zineb develop a clinicopathologic syndrome that does not differ qualitatively from that already described in adult cattle exposed to zineb.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Myocardial involvement in rhabdomyolysis caused by acute heroin intoxication].

It is well known that heroin overdose may cause rhabdomyolysis. Sometimes a myocardial involvement complicates its course. We report a case of heroin intoxication followed by rhabdomyolysis associated with myocardial injury, with symptoms, laboratory findings, ECG and echocardiography features of non-Q wave infarction. However, a 201 Tl myocardial scintigraphy, performed after patient discharging, did not show any abnormality. We think that heroin has a direct myotoxic effect on both myocardium and skeletal muscle. Yet we cannot exclude that hypoxia, acidosis, vasoconstrictive substances released by muscle necrosis, or hypersensitivity reactions associated with heroin or some of its adulterants are involved in myocardial injury.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Toxic effects of theobromine on mature and immature male rabbits.

Mature and immature male rabbits were fed for 120 and 20 days, respectively, a commercial diet containing theobromine in amounts of 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 per cent. Clinical, haematological, histopathological and histoenzymological examinations were performed. Mortality, which appeared dose- and time-related, was severe and rapid, mostly in the 1 and 1.5 per cent groups and was attributed to cardiac failure. Theobromine administration resulted in marked changes in thymus and testes and the severity of lesions appeared to be related to the amounts of the ingested methylxanthine. The earliest thymic alterations in immature rabbits consisted of a blurring of demarcation between cortex and medulla accompanied, in the more advanced stages, by a decreased lymphocyte density. Similar lesions were observed in mature animals which had died in the earlier phase of the study. Testicular alterations ranged from vacuolation of spermatids and spermatocytes to multinucleated cell formation and oligospermia or aspermia with extensive degeneration of tubule cells. Some necrotic and post-necrotic myocardial foci were also recorded. The increase in testicular activity of beta-glucuronidase in immature rabbits compared to the untreated animals provided further evidence of an early theobromine-induced damage of the testes.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Pharmacologic prevention of allergic complications caused by local anesthesia in odontostomatology].

The immunological responses of IgE mediated Type I and of cell-mediated Type IV that intervene in the biphasic mechanism of allergic phenomena, represent the site of action of the pharmacological therapeutic aids usable in the prophylaxis of allergic complications of local anaesthetics. Having examined the pharmacodynamics, the possible clinical use of these drugs is discussed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1989

Omental autoimplantation of splenic tissue and intravenous pneumococcal challenge. A comparative study in rats.

Splenectomized subjects show a higher incidence of myocardial ischemia and of Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Infection (OPSI). It is doubtful that implanted splenic tissue guarantees an adequate protection from OPSI. The histological characteristics and the capacity of protection from OPSI of two models of omental autoimplantation of splenic tissue in rats were examined. The implanted splenic tissue offers a significant protection from pneumococcal sepsis, even though there is no relation between implant architecture and survival rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Nimesulide: multicenter clinical study for evaluation of its therapeutic effect in odontostomatology].

A Polycentric Study was carried out so as to assess the anti-inflammatory effectiveness and pain-killing activity of Nimesulide in Odontostomatological practice, in 78 patients suffering from alveolo-gingival and parodontal abscesses, consequences of tooth extraction, suppurated radicular cysts, dysodontiasis, osteitis, periodontitis, periostitis. The results obtained confirm the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect as well as the good tolerability of this drug.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Scleroderma: oral manifestations].

Oral signs of sclerodermia and dental implications are described. The disease can be classified among the collagenopathies and its onset often involves dermatological signs prior to involving other organs and systems.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Electrochemical behavior of 3 magnetic alloys used for prosthetic retention].

By means of potentiodynamic techniques the electrochemical behaviour of a ferromagnetic alloy Pd-Co and three types of caps (AISI 316 stainless steel, Pd, Ti) for permanent Sm-Co magnets has been investigated in artificial saliva and in Ringer's solution. In addition short-circuit measurements were performed on several couples Pd-Co/AISI 316, Ti, Pd caps. From our findings a good corrosion resistance of all the materials is evidenced in artificial saliva. In Ringer's solution, which is more aggressive, Pd-Co shows no tendency to passivity.

Cobalt↗
PubMed1989

[Use of nuclear magnetic resonance in cranio-facial pathology. Preliminary study].

The use of MRT in craniofacial pathology has been evaluated above all as regards the possibility offered by this technique for studying the soft parts with better results than already sophisticated investigations like the CT scan. The technique's limitations are the long duration of the investigation, the impossibility of carrying it out in carriers of pacemakers, the inadequate visualisation of the bone and calcifications, the fairly high cost; the advantages are the fact that ionising radiation is not employed, the ureter sensitivity for the soft parts, the good vessel evaluation and the possibility of obtaining oriented sections in every space plane without moving the patient. The use of MRT is therefore rich in prospects.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Histometry of splenic microvascular architecture in hairy cell leukaemia.

In this study we investigated the splenic microvascular architecture in hairy cell leukaemia, in order to provide a morphological basis for the haemodynamic modifications occurring in the disease. When compared with controls, the four leukaemic spleens examined showed a set of changes involving both the arterial and the venous system. A real increase in the absolute volume, surface and length of pulp arterial vessels was present. This increase was not so great as the enlargement of the spleen, thus resulting in a reduced density of distribution of arterial vessels in the infiltrated pulp. Enlargement of pulp cords and sinuses was also present: the pulp cord enlargement was apparent in the unit volume, which resulted in a disproportionately higher increase of the absolute volume, compared with that of sinuses. The sinus-cordal rearrangement and, particularly, the increase in the volume of pulp cords may cause a slowing down of blood cell circulation with resultant increased phagocytosis and hypersplenism. Moreover, it is suggested that the changes observed in the arterial bed of the spleen in hairy cell leukaemia involve both a reduced blood supply per unit volume of splenic pulp and a more marked conditioning of blood cells prior to their screening by cordal macrophages.

Adult↗