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Biomedical subjects

G Rabbiosi

Publications and source records attributed to G Rabbiosi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Ranking of surfactant skin irritancy in vivo in man using the plastic occlusion stress test (POST).

Irritant effects and disturbance of water-holding capacity induced by surfactants were investigated using the plastic occlusion stress test (POST) technique. 4 surfactants (sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), sorbitan monolaurate, cocoamidopropyl betaine and benzalkonium chloride) and an amphoteric/nonionic (A/N) mix were investigated. 1 x daily for 3 days, test surfactants were applied to marked sites (open) on the volar forearm. After 24 h occlusion with a plastic chamber on the 4th day, skin surface water loss (SSWL) (g/m2h) was recorded continuously for 25 min with an evaporimeter. The differences between the surfactants were statistically significant (Friedman's test p less than 0.01). SLS and the A/N mix revealed significant differences compared to the other compounds (p less than 0.05), both in decay constants and in values recorded at the beginning and at the end of the decay curve. The study suggests a mechanism for the high irritant potential of sodium lauryl sulphate compared to other surfactants: sorbitan monolaurate and benzalkonium chloride seem to influence (at the concentrations tested) to a lesser extent the water-holding capacity of the stratum corneum. The clinical and biological relevance of these observations requires long-term clinical correlations with final product use tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Relapsing eruptive psoriasis and immunological changes triggered by growth hormone therapy in a growth hormone-deficient girl.

A 9.8-year-old girl with growth hormone (GH) deficiency and concomitant chronic and localized psoriasis of the groins and axillae showed repeated and sudden relapse of eruptive psoriasis after GH treatment. The aggravating effect of GH and the improvement of the skin condition after withdrawal suggests, at least in this case, that GH plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Alopecia areata: more on topical sensitizers.

Our experience on treating alopecia areata with topical sensitizers (diphencyprone, squaric acid dibutylester) is reported: staging, prognosis, side effects, follow-up, and psychological attitude of the patients towards this therapy and wigs are the focused aspects. The possible mechanisms of action of these allergens are discussed, reporting the case of a female patient with concomitant appearance of hair regrowth and psoriatic plaques in the same area after SADBE therapy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

In vivo hydration and water-retention capacity of stratum corneum in clinically uninvolved skin in atopic and psoriatic patients.

Hydration and the water-retention capacity of stratum corneum have been investigated in uninvolved psoriatic and atopic skin and compared with that of healthy controls. Thirty-three subjects of either sex and matched for age entered the study. The subjects were free from all signs of skin disease and skin dryness. Hydration was evaluated by means of transepidermal water loss and skin capacitance measurements. Water-retention capacity was investigated using the plastic occlusion stress test. Atopic skin differed significantly from uninvolved psoriatic and control skin which had a reduced water content and an increased transepidermal water loss. Furthermore, the skin surface water loss profile representing the stratum corneum water-retention capacity was significantly lower in normal atopic skin. The data suggest that clinically normal skin may be functionally abnormal, resulting in a defective barrier that could lead to higher risk of irritant or contact dermatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Amiodarone-induced pigmentation. A histological, ultrastructural study and review of the literature].

Amiodarone is an iodinated cardiac antiarrhythmic drug that causes a slate- gray discoloration of sun-exposed skin. Histopathologically, biopsy specimens of two patients affected by amiodarone pigmentations reveal yellow-brown granules in the reticular dermis, both in the cytoplasm of macrophages and between the collagen bundles. The histochemical stainings of the granules suggest that a lipofuscin pigment rather than melanin is present in the granules. Electron microscopy displays distinctive intracytoplasmic inclusions in many dermal cell types. Six morphologic types can be seen: 1) electron-lucent, membrane bound granules, 2) granules with electron dense nucleus, 3) lamellar "myelin-like" granules, 4) granules with a combination of electron-dense and electron-lucent areas, 5) electron-dense membrane-bound granules, 6) electron-dense no-membrane granules. The different dimensions, structure and shape are related to the structural and aggregational phases of the granules. In particular their pathogenesis may be related to the action of the drug on cell membranes with thesaurismosis, local metabolic damage, accumulation of the drug in the lysosomes and acceleration of the physiological ageing cell process.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study on the use of norfloxacin in the therapy of urethritis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis].

Norfloxacin (NOR) was given to 37 patients affected by urethritis due to Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), as demonstrated by clinical findings and fluorescent monoclonal antibody in urethral swab. The patients were divided into two groups according to a randomization list, and given either: NOR 400 mg t.i.d. or NOR 800 mg b.i.d. for 10 days. The 2 groups were comparable in terms of age, clinical presentation and duration of symptoms. Six out of 18 patients treated by regimen 2 had persistence of CT at the end of treatment (2 cases were clinically improved), while 4 out of 19 patients in group 1 dit not respond to the treatment. Overall 12 patients in group 2 (66.6%) and 15 patients in group 1 (79%) were asymptomatic and negative for fluorescent antibody at the end of the treatment. Both regimens were well tolerated. Our data show that NOR given at dosage higher than those usually recommended (e.g. 400 mg b.i.d.), may be of value for the treatment of urethritis due to Chlamydia trachomatis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Immunohistochemical study of neoplasms of the sweat glands].

The paper reports a study of 34 sweat gland tumours, 3 of which were malignant. In line with recent publications on the topic, no immunophenotype is identified which could differentiate between pathologies of an eccrine as opposed to apocrine origin. With regard to the possibility of distinguishing malignant from benign tumours, the paper reconfirms the importance of CEA which is the only immunomarker common to all the malignant forms examined.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1989

Familial steatocystoma multiplex: HLA, Gm, Km genotyping and chromosomal analysis in two unrelated families.

Steatocystoma Multiplex (S.M.) is an inherited condition characterized by the appearance of cysts during the first or second decade of life. Familial cases have occasionally been reported. We studied 13 patients affected by S.M. from two unrelated families, focusing our attention on HLA, Gm and Km genotypes and on chromosomal analyses. Although we failed to correlate the syndrome with a particular HLA, Gm or Km haplotype, we report some peculiarities and differences between these two families and the healthy Italian population.

Epidermal Cyst↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical manifestations associated with the presence of lupus anticoagulant].

The case of a woman with systemic lupus erythematosus with unusual clinical, cutaneous and biologic features and lupus anticoagulant is presented. According to the literature this association is not fortuitous: a new syndrome characterized by the presence of a subgroup of antiphospholipid antibodies has been recognized. The cutaneous symptoms of this syndrome include: leg ulcers, livedo reticularis, widespread cutaneous necrosis and distal cutaneous ischemia. In our patient a nearly complete picture of the clinical and biologic features of this syndrome, including a characteristic retinal vein thrombosis is present.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Effects of medium-term PUVA therapy on peripheral T-lymphocyte subsets in psoriatic patients.

Three to four months' PUVA treatment is a widely-adopted procedure to induce psoriasis remission and for the purpose of this study is called "medium-term". The 32 psoriatic patients considered revealed a statistically significant baseline decrease in OKT3+ (p less than 0.001), OKT4+ (p less than 0.001) and OKT8+ (p less than 0.001) as compared with 40 healthy controls, while OKT4/OKT8 was normal. Variance analysis within the psoriatic group failed to reveal further significant variation in the immunological parameters during the 3 months under study. Nevertheless, there was a marked trend towards a reduction in OKT4+ cells and OKT4/OKT8 as compared with baseline values after 3 months. These results suggest that "medium-term" PUVA therapy does not statistically restore the pre-existing baseline changes in T-lymphocyte subsets of the psoriatic patients. The non-statistically significant effects as regards OKT4+ may be due to the small number of patients who reached 3 months' treatment (9 patients) but could be regarded as the first step towards the significant changes described here in long-term PUVA-treated psoriatic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Skin extensibility time in women. Changes in relation to sex hormones.

The influence of female sex hormones on mechanical properties of the skin has been assessed in an in vivo extensometric study. Twenty young (20 +/- 4 years) and 12 middle-aged healthy women (42 +/- 3 years) entered the study. Measurements were carried out on the volar surface of the left forearm on the 10th and 25th day of the menstrual cycle. A significantly decreased skin extensibility time in the pre-menstrual phase was found (25th day) when compared with the 10th day in the young group, while the older one did not reveal significant changes. The data are compatible with an increased water content of the skin noticeable in the pre-menstrual phase and more relevant in young women. In studies on mechanical properties of the skin, changes relative to sex hormones and menstrual cycle need to be taken into account.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Changes in the water holding capacity of psoriatic stratum corneum in vivo.

This study investigated the functional capacity of the stratum corneum of psoriatic skin to bind water in vivo during a relatively long period of time (water holding capacity--WHC). An electrical capacitance test was applied to the psoriatic skin on the elbows, perilesional skin and apparently normal skin of 11 patients and the elbows of 10 controls. Measurements of electrical capacitance were performed using a Corneometer Schwarzhaupt for 25 min. The WHC levels were calculated for this period. Our results demonstrate that the WHC of psoriatic stratum corneum does not differ from controls in the first 10 min. Only after the 20th min do the WHCs differ significantly (p less than 0.02). Despite the biochemical keratin changes in psoriatic plaque, the latter is highly hygroscopic, in particular in the first minute after bathing. Perilesional skin binds water like the stratum corneum of controls, though not beyond the 20th minute after bathing.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in the biomechanic property of the skin after hemodialysis treatment].

Skin extensibility in 21 subjects (belonging to two different age groups) undergoing hemodialysis has been investigated. Measurements have been performed on the forearm before and after two hours of dialytic treatment. A significant decrease of skin extensibility (P less than 0.02) has been recorded in the elderly prior to the dialytic procedure; the data is consistent with an increased dermal water content. Water removal during treatment led to normalization of extensometric levels (P less than 0.05). However, improvement of skin extensibility is not directly related to the amount of water withdrawn. The study support the importance of water in determining skin viscoelastic responses; hemodialysis is a useful model to monitor the effects of water on skin biomechanics.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Werner's syndrome and intracranial meningioma].

A case of Werner's Syndrome in a 47-year-old man, with typical features of progeria associated with intracranial meningioma is described. A revision of the literature showed that meningioma is the most frequent benign neoplasm in Werner's Syndrome. Meningioma is a peculiar model of neoplasm, because of the frequency of cytogenetical aberrations concerning chromosome n. 22. Either chromosome n. 22 and other chromosomal alterations could be detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes of our patient. These findings suggest a correlation between chromosomal instability and the onset of neoplasms in Werner's Syndrome. Furthermore, the possibility of detecting chromosome n. 22 aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Werner's Syndrome patients could provide a clue to the presence of a meningioma at a preclinical stage.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Thallium-induced alopecia].

A case of accidental Thallium intoxication showing, as the only sign, alopecia of the scalp with depigmentation of the hair, is described. A 21 year old woman developed acute loss of hair after ingestion of contaminate tomatoes. No further signs of intoxication were evident. The diagnosis has been made by evidencing Thallium in the urine (colorimetric method) and in the hair (atomic absorption spectrophotometry). Moreover, the clinical and histopathological findings of Thallium alopecia are described.

Adult↗