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Biomedical subjects

G R Wagner

Publications and source records attributed to G R Wagner.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Biochemical oxygen activation as the basis for the physiological action of tetrachlorodecaoxide (TCDO).

Oxidation of methionine, 4-(methylthio)-2-oxobutyric acid (KMB), or 1-aminocyclopropane carbonic acid (ACC) are indicator reactions for activated oxygen species such as singlet oxygen (1O2), OH.-radical like oxidants, superoxide anion (O2.-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or activated hemo-iron complexes like peroxidase- or catalase-"compound I". Methionine is oxidized by OH. as well as by 1O2 forming ethylene, but not by tetrachloro-decaoxygen complex (TCDO) in the absence or presence of catalytic hemoproteins such as peroxidase, hemoglobin or myoglobin. Both KMB and ACC are oxidized by TCDO under the catalysis of the above hemo-proteins where neither catalase nor superoxide dismutase are inhibitors. TCDO hemo-protein complex is an oxidant with similar properties as peroxidase-compound I and can clearly be differentiated from O2.-, H2O2, OH. and 1O2.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Respiratory disease risks in the construction industry.

This chapter focuses on the primary identified respiratory hazards in construction, including respiratory tract cancers, pulmonary and pleural fibrosis, airway diseases, inhalation injuries, and respiratory infection. An extensive table identifies the exposure limits specified by NIOSH, OSHA, and ACGIH for more than 30 substances.

Cause of Death↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chest radiography in dust-exposed miners: promise and problems, potential and imperfections.

Since the early 1900s, it was recognized that many dust-exposed workers developed abnormal radiographs during life. Chest radiography remains the primary means of determining the presence and extent of dust-induced pneumoconiosis, although it is ineffective for detecting airways obstructions from mine dust exposure. This chapter reviews the uses and limitations of chest radiography in the study, surveillance, screening, clinical diagnosis, and disability determinations of occupational lung diseases in dust-exposed workers.

Asbestosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Medical screening using periodic spirometry for detection of chronic lung disease.

Approximately half of a worker population may benefit from the addition of a longitudinal comparison of their spirometry results, over only using annual comparisons with a cross-sectional LLN. The ATS recommendation of 15% for year-to-year changes appears to be essentially equivalent to a longitudinal LLN method based on the SEE. Therefore, a practical method for longitudinal interpretations is to establish a baseline value for a worker's FEV1 through several initial spirometric examinations. The FEV1 longitudinal LLN is calculated by taking 85% of this baseline value minus the expected decline over the time period based on the individual's age (e.g., for individuals older than 35 years at their initial examination, one approach is to use 30 mL/year times the number of years of follow-up). However, before any final classification is rendered, the data should be reviewed for stability. This analysis demonstrates that longitudinal spirometry adds sensitivity to spirometry screening efforts. The spirometry examinations should probably be performed annually in order to detect survey biases and determine the stability of the FEV1 measurements. If spirometry results indicate that someone has crossed either the longitudinal or the cross-sectional LLN, intervention activities should be initiated for that individual. As new data and studies become available, these suggested procedures will need to be revised-particularly estimates for the expected annual decline in FEV1.

Bias↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic occupational respiratory disease.

The authors discuss various methodologic issues pertinent to the epidemiologic study of chronic occupational lung disease. Examples to illustrate problems inherent in chronic occupational lung disease epidemiology and approaches to surmounting them are presented from the extensive literature on coal miners' lung diseases.

Bias↗