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Biomedical subjects

G R Miller

Publications and source records attributed to G R Miller.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Parasite detection efficiencies of five stool concentration systems.

Fresh fecal material that was free of ova and parasites was pooled with 10% Formalin in a 1:4 ratio to prepare a standard specimen. Portions of 100 ml of this specimen were individually seeded with Cryptosporidium oocysts, Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia cysts; ova of Necator americanus; and Strongyloides larvae. Appropriate volumes of each parasite suspension were used to evaluate the Fecal Concentrator Kit (Remel, Lenexa, Kans.), Fecal Parasite Concentrator (Evergreen Scientific, Los Angeles, Calif.), Para-Pak Macro-Con (Meridian Diagnostics, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio), and Trend FeKal CON-Trate (Trend Scientific, Inc., St. Paul, Minn.). A standardized gauze filtration method was used as the reference procedure. Tests were performed in triplicate with each individual parasite-concentrator combination, with three slides examined from each sediment. All of the systems effectively concentrated parasites compared with direct examination of unconcentrated fecal material. The Fecal Concentrator Kit provided the best overall performance. Clarity of sediment, lack of debris, and uniformity of background material were found to be important considerations for microscopic detection of parasites in concentrated specimens.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Quality control slide for potassium hydroxide and cellufluor fungal preparations.

An opaque, water-insoluble quality control material with a skinlike microscopic appearance was prepared by inoculating melted xanthine (0.4%) agar with filamentous fungi and dispensing drops onto glass slides. After solidification of the agar, the material was rapidly cleared by 10% KOH, revealing fungal elements stained by Cellufluor reagent.

Fluorescent Dyes↗
PubMed1987

Umbelliferyl-labeled galactosaminide as an aid in identification of Candida albicans.

The initial evaluation of a fluorescence, nonmicroscopic method of rapid identification of Candida albicans is described. A total of 524 yeast isolates were evaluated in parallel by the umbelliferyl-conjugated N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide (UAG) test and the germ tube (GT) test in comparison with the API 20C Yeast Identification System. The UAG test correctly identified 333 of the 334 isolates of C. albicans (99.7%), and the GT test identified 328 (98%). There were three false-positive GT reactions and five false-positive UAG reactions with 69 isolates of C. tropicalis. The sensitivity and specificity were 99 and 97%, respectively, for the UAG test and were both 98% for the GT test. The UAG test requires less than 2 h for test completion compared with 2 to 4 h for the GT test, is similar in cost, has a nonmicroscopic visual endpoint, and eliminates the health hazards of handling pooled human sera.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1980

Aftermath of osteogenesis imperfecta: the disease in adulthood.

To determine the effects of osteogenesis imperfecta and its treatment on adult life, thirty-one patients with osteogenesis imperfecta were examined at an average of nineteen years postoperatively. Seventy-two per cent of the operations that had been performed on these patients in childhood consisted of multiple osteotomies with intramedullary fixation to reduce fracture frequency and prevent bowing of the lower limbs. Only eight patients had remained non-ambulatory, seven of whom had severe long-bone deformity. Based on the study of these patients, we suggest that the severity of diaphyseal tapering and of disease are related; that scoliosis is frequent in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta; that the improvement gained at operation is maintained and enhances ambulation; and that as adults, these patients are generally very productive and socially adaptable individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

DNA base compositions and photoreactivation capabilities of six Hansenula species.

The DNA base compositions and photoreactivable sectors of six species of Hansenula were determined. The G+C ratios revealed two groups; the first had values of 38 to 44% and the second had lower values of 32-36%. Hansenula muscicola could not repair the UV-induced damage; whereas, H. dryadoides, H. lynferdii, H. ofunaensis, H. philodendra, and H. syndowiorum could do so.

Ascomycota↗
PubMed1979

Increased production of beta-lactamase under anaerobic conditions in some strains of Escherichia coli.

A simple biological assay to detect beta-lactamase activity exhibited by selected cultures of Escherichia coli was used to test enzyme production in cells incubated aerobically and anerobically. Anaerobic incubation resulted in increased size of zones of drug inactivation by some beta-lactamase-producing strains. The beta-lactamase activity of cell lysates was determined iodometrically for aerobically and anaerobically grown cells. The specific beta-lactamase activity for anaerobically grown cells was three to five times greater than for aerobically grown cells. Beta-lactamase production was determined to be constitutive in all strains and to be plasmid mediated, as demonstrated by transfer to E. coli K-12 by conjugation.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1978

Silicone in ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery: a review and laboratory trial.

Silicone is a material with wide application as an exogenous implant in ophthalmic surgery. Animal trials have indicated that extreme care must be taken in the use of this material in the presence of a viable eye. Acute corneal injury was seen in 10 of 14 rabbit eyes tested with a topical application of RTV silicone in the conjunctival cul-de-sac. Two of the 10 eyes demonstrated delayed healing of the corneal injury. Pretreatment with a viscous ocular lubricant, limited corneal contact time of the hardened forms, thorough and frequent corneal evaluation and prompt appropriate treatment of abnormalities are recommended for the successful use of silicone as an orbital molding material in the presence of the viable globe. For use as an orbital expander or as a stent after soft tissue socket reconstruction, despite its relative softness compared to acrylic orbital conformer, similar precautions must be observed to prevent mechanical corneal injuries.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Intravitreal antimycotic therapy and the cure of mycotic endophthalmitis caused by a Paecilomyces lilacinus contaminated pseudophakos.

A salvaged eye in a case of mycotic endophthalmitis is reported. The case was one of eleven in the United States resulting from Luminex lens implants contaminated with amphotericin B resistant Paecilomyces lilacinus, and one of two eyes salvaged in this series of cases. The fungus, recognized 28 days after the lens was inserted, was in the anterior chamber, on the psuedophakos, and in the vitreous. The therapeutic procedures included removal of the pseudophakos, radical vitrectomy and iridectomy, and the intraocular and combined topical and systemic use of antimycotic compounds, including miconazole and thiabendazole.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Surgical treatment of eyelid neurofibromas.

The classical surgical treatment of eyelid neurofibromas has been careful dissection of the tumor with preservation of much of the surrounding abnormal lid tissues. The reported outcome has been uniformly unfavorable. These tumors infiltrate extensively and are impossible to dissect out completely. However, the lateral location of lid neurofibromas allows "en bloc" resection of most of the tumor including the adjacent involved lid tissues. Levator function in these cases is potentially good and the lid will elevate well if the levator aponeurosis is joined to the tarsus laterally at the time of surgery. The four cases presented here indicate that this procedure is technically easier and may produce more acceptable results than other forms of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The use of the "lateral canthal sling" in ectropion repair.

We describe the use of the "lateral canthal sling" in the treatment of non-cicatrical "senile" ectropion of the lower lid. Combined with a resection of the lower retractors and the hypertrophied palpebral conjunctiva we consider it the treatment of choice for repairing non-cicatrical "marginal" ectropion. We offer a theory of the pathogenesis of the latter.

Ectropion↗
PubMed1975

Repair of cicatricial entropion of the upper eyelid.

The disparity in vertical length between the skin muscle lamellae and the tarsoconjunctival lamellae in cicatricial entropion of the upper eyelid secondary to contracture of the transconjunctival layer was corrected by a transconjunctival incision allowing the eyelid to straighten. The resultant defect in the tarsoconjunctival lamellae was corrected by means of a bare scleral graft 20% larger than the defect in the eyelid. The graft was allowed to epithelialize spontaneously and was not covered with mucuous membrane.

Entropion↗
PubMed1975

The surgical treatment of post-pseudophakos membranes.

Eleven patients who had previous pseudophakos surgery had secondary surgery for discission of post-lenticular membranes. The secondary surgery was performed 1-1/2 to 36 months after initial pseudophakos surgery. The results were excellent in ten out of the eleven cases. The surgical technique is atraumatic and well tolerated.

Cataract Extraction↗