Biomedical subjects

G R Jones

Publications and source records attributed to G R Jones.

203 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Optical fibre-based goniometer for sensing patient position and movement within a magnetic resonance scanner using chromatic modulation.

An optical fibre-based goniometer is described. This instrument was designed to measure the angular position of patients' limbs within the core of a magnetic resonance body scanner, via a 40 m remote fibre-optic link. The sensor exploits the advantages of optical fibre-based sensing, which include immunity to electromagnetic interference, intrinsic safety and chemical immunity. The detection electronics and signal processing are based on the principles of chromatic modulation, an inexpensive, intensity-independent technique in which a change in the spectral power distribution is measured over a broad bandwidth, by photodetectors with differing spectral responses. The optical fibre goniometer has an angular range of 90 degrees, with an average resolution of 2'. The long-term accuracy is within +/- 1 degree, the specified accuracy for the physiological application.

Artifacts↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Infection risk factors in febrile, neutropenic children and adolescents.

We studied 276 fever episodes with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) < 500/mm3 to determine patient characteristics predicting serious infection. Infections occurred in 38% of patients. Blood cultures were positive in 58% of documented infections. There was no difference in the rates of infection or positive blood culture when ANC was < 200/mm3 compared with a higher ANC. However, certain high risk infections were more common with an ANC < 200/ mm3. Leukemia patients had more infections compared with other groups. Serious infections were more common during induction therapy or relapse. Infection incidence varied significantly with patient age and onset of fever in the inpatients. Less than one fifth of febrile neutropenic episodes had no risk features for serious infection. We conclude that several clinical characteristics correlate with serious infection in febrile, neutropenic children and adolescents receiving modern supportive care. Despite improvements in supportive care measures, most febrile, neutropenic patients need close observation and empiric intravenous antibiotic therapy.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ocular perforation and phthisis bulbi secondary to strabismus surgery.

We present our ocular clinicopathologic findings of a child who suffered bilateral perforation of the globe during medial rectus recession bilaterally for congenital esotropia. The right eye progressed to a painful phthisis bulbi and subsequently required enucleation. Penetration or perforation of the sclera during extraocular muscle surgery is not rare; however, serious sequelae such as visual loss or loss of the eye are unusual. Such complications can be avoided if the surgeon is aware of the causes, as well as the dangers, of such perforation, and, in particular, if modern spatula-type needles are used.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Transition issues for survivors of childhood cancer and their healthcare providers.

Over the last decade, the number of childhood cancer survivors has increased and late effects of therapy on organ function, growth, and development have become evident. Specific healthcare and psychosocial needs of survivors are now being addressed by multidisciplinary pediatric oncology teams. These survivors may eventually transfer their healthcare to an adult practitioner who may lack current information regarding survivorship issues and who may not use a multidisciplinary approach. Transition models developed for adolescents with chronic illness address some issues, but are not entirely applicable to the experience of those cured of cancer. The importance of lifetime annual follow-up must be communicated to young adult survivors and their new practitioners. A pamphlet was developed, as part of a comprehensive program, to facilitate transition by providing an overview of the concept of survivorship, general follow-up recommendations, and resources available to assist clients and their healthcare providers.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A practical guide to evaluation and treatment of infections in patients with central venous catheters.

Infection in patients with central venous catheters can be a serious complication leading to costly disruption of their ongoing medical needs. A systematic, algorithm-based approach to evaluation and treatment of infections in this very diverse population is presented and emphasizes rapid and thorough determination of infection sources and outlines decisions regarding use of antibiotic therapy. Catheter-related infections, including bacteremia and exit site, tunnel, and pocket infections, can be treated in many cases without removal of the device. Recently developed treatment protocols and new technologies devised to decrease infection risk and improve outcome are discussed.

Algorithms↗