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Biomedical subjects

G Pontonnier

Publications and source records attributed to G Pontonnier.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Unusual course of alpha-fetoprotein levels in a case of spina bifida detected by prenatal diagnosis].

The authors report the observation of a case of spina bifida detected at the 18th week from a systematic prenatal screening at the C.H.R. in Toulouse, from the assay of alpha foeto-protein on filter paper. The course of total alpha foeto-protein was particularly unique: high levels found at the 18th week with a progressive decrease in concentration until totally normal level was reached during the 28th week. Ecography confirmed the diagnosis of spina bifida. Total alpha foeto-protein concentration was also found at normal level during the 28th week in serum and in amniotic fluid. Therapeutic abortion confirmed the diagnosis of spina bifida. The authors discuss this unique course of alpha foeto-protein levels from the 18th week of development to the 28th week, made possible by this rather valuable observation.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Peridural analgesia during labor: comparative study of a fentanyl-marcaine combination and marcaine alone].

A randomised trial was carried out to evaluate the use of a mixture of fentanyl with marcaine in epidural analgesia. Two series of 30 patients each were studied: in the first only marcaine was given for the epidural and in the second marcaine and fentanyl mixed. Stronger and longer analgesia was obtained in the series where fentanyl was added showing that local anaesthetics can be potentiated by opiates. There was no significant difference in the two series as far as the cardiovascular, respiratory and blood gas measurements were concerned, either in the mother or in the fetus.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1983

[Initial trials in the treatment of feto-maternal alloimmunization in the Rhesus system with oral administration of erythrocyte antigens].

A group of 14 pregnant women with severe Rh-iso-immunization were treated by the administration of oral antigens (stromas). The aim of the treatment was to try to induce a modification of the immune response of these patients in order to minimize the fetal or neonatal consequences of their Rh-iso-immunization. The progress and outcome of the treated pregnancies are compared with those of a group of women presenting an Rh-iso-immunization of comparable severity treated according to standard methods. Stroma therapy is found to be without any danger for the mother or fetus. Even though there are 9 surviving infants in the treatment group and only 5 in the control group, the analysis of the results does not show any statistically significant difference in the two series. The results of this preliminary study would seem to justify the creation of a therapeutic trial.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1983

[Experimental study of the patency of rabbit fallopian tubes after section of the isthmus and microsurgical anastomosis].

The authors carried out 45 microsurgical plastic operations in rabbits to study tubal patency. They found patency in 42%. They compared the microscopical appearances that were found later in relationship to the type of suture material (Vicryl absorbable or Prolene non-absorbable). The difference seems to be significant because of the inflammatory action that occurs. This was shown in 17% of cases where absorbable material was used and in 36% where non-absorbable was used.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[A review of six years use of a computerised case history in obstetrics (author's transl)].

The University Centre for Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Toulouse have been using a computerised record system for obstetrics since 1974. This makes it possible for a review for a review to be undertaken each year of the work carried out in the Service and has made it possible to study over six years the evolution of the characteristics of the population who have been followed, as well as the changes in attitudes and techniques adopted during pregnancy and labour. A study has been carried out on the factors associated with perinatal mortality and prematurity. Computerisation of 13,500 records has made it possible to draw curves of birth weights, according to the duration of the pregnancy, and characterising the service given. Finally the adoption of a prospective record system used in common by several teams and checked by people specialised in this work has improved the quality and quantity of retrieval and has made it possible to foresee cooperative studies between different departments.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1981

Factor VIII complex in normal pregnancy, pre-eclampsia and fetal growth retardation.

The levels of the three components of factor VIII complex (VIII R:AG, VIII R:WF, VIII:C) were measured during normal late pregnancy, in pre-eclampsia and in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth retardation. In late normal pregnancy, there was a steady increase in factor VIII complex and the highest level was reached at delivery; in primary fetal growth retardation, the values were similar. In pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia, with or without fetal growth retardation, there was a significant increase of VIII R:AG VIII R:WF; the more severe the course of the disease, the greater the increase. The level of VIII R:AG-VIII R:WF appears to be an indicator of vascular pathology and it is suggested that this assessment may be of value in monitoring high risk pregnancies.

Factor VIII↗
PubMed1981

[Antenatal screening for neural tube defect by measuring alphafetoprotein in dried blood eluates (author's transl)].

Alphafetoprotein (AFP) was measured during pregnancy in dried blood eluates. Normal values (50th percentile) were established from 5,000 women throughout their pregnancies. AFP levels progressively increase from the 6th week (3.0 ng/ml whole blood) to the 32 week (124.0), then decrease slowly (70.1). Correlations between serum AFP and AFP from eluates is highly significant (p less than 0.001). Preservation of blood samples on blotting paper is good. An experimental screening of more than 1,500 pregnant women detected one case of anencephaly.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Detection of gestational diabetes by means of ultrasonic diagnosis of excessive fetal growth.

Excessive abdominal transverse fetal diameter is demonstrated to be a sensitive screening factor in the selection of gestational diabetic patients. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed in 92 pregnant women with potential gestational diabetes criteria and in 21 women without potential diabetic characteristics but with an abdominal transverse fetal diameter above the ninety-fifth percentile. Thirty-eight percent of the women in the latter group had an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test. Moreover, most infants born to gestational diabetic women had an excessive abdominal transverse diameter although the biparietal diameter and birth weight remained fairly normal.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1980

Platelet production time, uricemia, and some hemostasis tests in pre-eclampsia.

In order to choose the best adapted test for pre-eclampsia monitoring, platelet production time (PPT) was measured simultaneously with uricemia, factor VIII complex, beta-thrombogobulin, and other tests of platelet activation including platelet volume, density and platelet very dense body content. In the pre-eclamptic group (11 patients). In the PPT was significantly reduced in comparison with normal pregnancies (6 patients). In the pre-eclamptic group, there was good and significant correlation between PPT and the VIIIrAg/VIIIc ration (r = 0.87) and between PPT and uricemia (r = 0.79). The correlations between PPT and the other tests are poor and non-significant. Thus, for clinical purposes, the VIIIrAg/VIIIc ratio and uricemia are convenient parameters, and give very reliable information on the severity of the consumption coagulopathy which characterizes pre-eclamptic pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Antenatal assessment of gestational age (author's transl)].

Antenatal assessment of fetal gestational age has been performed by amniotic fluid analyses and ultrasonography. Average estimation of amniotic fluid creatinine and glucose, Clements' test and biparietal diameter measurements produce an accurate assessment of gestational age in 80 % of normal or pathological cases. When amniocentesis is performed to estimate fetal lung maturity, this assessment of gestational age can improve obstetrical care.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1978

Morphine analgesia and cerebral opiate receptors: a developmental study.

1 Development of the analgesic response to morphine and ontogenesis of central opiate receptors were analyzed in rats 5 to 120 days old. 2 The analgesic effect of morphine increased until day 15, after which it decreased to reach a plateau at about day 30. With phenoperidine, on the other hand, the analgesic effect increased until day 15, remained constant between day 15 and day 30 after which it decreased slowly. 3 The ratio of the amounts of morphine in blood over those in brain increased about 3 fold between day 15 and day 30. 4 Opiate receptors were detected in the brain of newborn rats: stereospecific binding of [3H]-naloxone at 10 and 50 nM indicated the presence of low and high affinity binding sites. 5 The number of [3H]-naloxone binding sites increased rapidly during the second and third week after birth. Their affinity for several opiates remained constant throughout development. 6 These results indicate that the analgesic activity of opiates varies with age: until day 15, the analgesic effect of opiates increases in parallel with the number of opiate brain receptors. Then, the formation of the blood brain barrier introduces an additional step in the regulation of opiate activity.

Aging↗
PubMed1978

[The value of measuring blood pH in fetal monitoring during labour (author's transl)].

The authors present a series of methodological studies carried out to assess the value of the place of measuring fetal blood pH in monitoring in labour. Comparisons of the measures of pH, pCO2, pO2 and lowering of the base were carried out on the scalp in the 3 minutes which preceded the birth and in the umbilical vessels at birth. Comparing the three modes of taking blood in the mother, intra-arterially and from the capillaries with and without local vasodilatation was carried out. The limits of the values were defined both for the fetus and the mother of the parameters of pH, pCO2, pO2 and base deficit in 100 normal deliveries. A study was carried out of their correlations with the Apgar score at 1 minute and with the arterial pH. A comparison of the two series of measurements was carried out on the vessels of the cord--arterial and venous. The results confirm the value of measuring pH for diagnosing the state of the infant during labour.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗