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Biomedical subjects

G Plewig

Publications and source records attributed to G Plewig.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Interferon-gamma. Therapy of recurrent furunculosis in HIV infections].

Four HIV-antibody-positive patients in stages CDC II to CDC IV C2 with furuncles that had so far proved refractory to treatment were successfully treated with systemic application of recombined gamma-interferon, 50 micrograms s.c. on days 1, 2 and 3 of the first week with a new cycle after 3 weeks. A significant clinical improvement was seen in all patients after three to five cycles. Side-effects of therapy with gamma-interferon were similar to the symptoms of influenza and improved during therapy. No changes in immunological parameters and white blood cells counts were observed. The general condition of the patients improved or remained unchanged. A few weeks after discontinuation of therapy two patients relapsed, but they were again successfully treated with gamma-interferon.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1993

[Siliconoma. An interdisciplinary problem].

In plastic-reconstructive surgery in recent decades silicone fluid has been injected for cosmetic reasons and has occasionally led to granulomas with foreign body reaction (siliconoma). A 77-year-old woman is presented who developed protuberant facial granulomas 15 years after the injection of silicone fluid to improve scars. Histopathology revealed large lipid-filled cells, surrounded by histiocytic cells and foreign body giant cells. Laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) showed peaks consistent with PO2 and PO3, which are usually found in regions of foreign body reactions. Treatment with isotretinoin given orally in low doses (20 mg total dose per day) resulted in a complete resolution of the granulomas. The anti-inflammatory action of isotretinoin was the reason for selecting this treatment modality.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Photochemotherapy (PUVA) of acute graft-versus-host disease].

For several years, psoralen and UV-A light (PUVA) therapy has been used in the treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). There is little experience with PUVA treatment of acute GvHD. Allogeneic BMT was performed in 25 patients, 10 of whom developed acute GvHD despite immunosuppressive therapy. Six patients with acute cutaneous GvHD grade II-III (n = 2 grade II, n = 4 grade III) were treated with PUVA. We present the results. All the PUVA-treated patients improved markedly after 5-12 sessions of irradiation. In 5 patients the skin cleared completely with 8-18 treatments. In 4 patients chronic GvHD was prevented by maintenance treatment for up to 10 months. Following clearing of acute cutaneous GvHD, 2 patients developed chronic GvHD after therapy-free intervals of 3 and 12 months, respectively. These results indicate a beneficial effect of PUVA in acute cutaneous GvHD and suggest a protective effect against chronic GvHD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

["Baboon syndrome". A particular manifestation of hematogenous contact reaction].

We report on a 52-year-old patient with a typical manifestation of a haematogenous contact reaction. The characteristic distribution of light-red erythema predominantly located in the major flexural areas of the extremities and on the buttocks was consistent with the diagnosis of "baboon syndrome." The term derives from the skin lesions, which are compared to the red gluteal region of the baboon. An allergic type-IV reaction to systemically administered allergens probably underlies lesions of this type. In our case the baboon syndrome had been induced by amoxicillin. So far, mercury, nickel, ampicillin, and heparin have been reported as causes of baboon syndrome.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1993

[Acne necrotica (varioliformis). Necrotizing lymphocytic folliculitis].

We report on a 32-year-old woman with chronic relapsing papular and papulopustular lesions in the area of the hairlines and on the scalp. The diagnosis of acne necrotica (varioliformis) was made on the basis of the typical clinical picture and the histopathology, which showed necrotizing lymphocytic folliculitis. This rare disease must be differentiated from other pustular diseases of the scalp. Acne necrotica has been known as an entity since the beginning of the last century. In recent literature, however, it has received little attention.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1992

Pyoderma faciale. A review and report of 20 additional cases: is it rosacea?

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: Pyoderma faciale was originally described by O'Leary and Kierland in 1940. It is characterized by the sudden onset of monstrous coalescent nodules and confluent draining sinuses confined to the face of young women in their early 20s. This report summarizes our results in 20 cases. The women were 15 to 46 years old (mean, 25 years). RESULTS: All women were flushers and blushers. Histopathologic examination revealed a dense perivascular and periadnexial infiltrate, including granulocytes, eosinophils with epithelioid granulomas, and septal and lobular panniculitis. No consistent laboratory abnormalities were found. After much therapeutic experimentation, we developed an effective treatment plan, based on a combination of oral isotretinoin and corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: We regard it as an extreme form of rosacea and suggest it be renamed rosacea fulminans in analogy with its counterpart, acne fulminans.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Migration of a human keratinocyte cell line (HACAT) to interstitial collagen type I is mediated by the alpha 2 beta 1-integrin receptor.

The migratory response of the human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT to collagen type I and the molecular mechanism underlying collagen-mediated migration have been analyzed. The migratory response of HaCaT cells to collagen type I consisted of a dose-dependent migration to insoluble step gradients of substratum-bound collagen (haptotaxis) and to gradients of soluble collagen (chemotaxis). Checkerboard analysis demonstrated a minor chemokinetic component. Denatured collagen type I was less chemoattractive than the native triple-helical form. Pre-treatment of cells with 25-250 micrograms/ml of synthetic peptides containing the fibronectin cell-recognition sequence RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of fibronectin-mediated chemotaxis, whereas chemotaxis to collagen was not affected. We then investigated the role of VLA/collagen-receptors for collagen type I-induced chemotaxis. Monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 5E8, which selectively blocks function of the alpha 2 subunit of the VLA-2/collagen receptor, dose-dependently inhibited the chemotactic response of HaCaT cells to collagen. This effect was specific for collagen-mediated chemotaxis because the chemotactic response to fibronectin remained unaffected. In contrast, a function blocking MoAb directed to the alpha 3 subunit of the coexpressed VLA-3 receptor, which is also capable of binding collagen, had no effect. However, function blocking MoAb directed to the beta 1-chain of integrins completely inhibited chemotaxis to collagen type I. Based on our results, we propose that the chemotactic migration of the human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) to collagen type I is specifically mediated by the RGD independent VLA-2/collagen receptor (alpha 2 beta 1) of the integrin family.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Are disturbances of omega-6-fatty acid metabolism involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis?

Recent evidence indicates that the primary defect in atopic dermatitis (AD) might concern the maturation and differentiation of T cells which infiltrate the skin or are unable to control T cell infiltration of the skin. Unfortunately, there is no information on thymus hormones, T cell differentiation factors or cytokines during early T cell maturation in atopic infants. One of these factors at fault might involve a deficiency of essential long-chain omega-6-fatty acids and E-type prostaglandins which are important for thymic T cell maturation and thymus hormone action. Deficiencies of 6-desaturated omega-6-fatty acids have been observed in plasma phospholipids, epidermal and red cell phospholipids of patients with AD, in umbilical cord plasma lecithin of newborn infants with increased cord blood IgE levels, in cord blood T-cells of 'atopy-at-risk' newborn infants, in atopic monocytes, in adipose tissue lipids of patients with AD, in breast milk lipids of mothers with a history of AD, and in breast milk lipids of mothers of infants with AD. Reduced release of arachidonic acid has been measured in atopic monocytes and platelets. Diminished formation of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been observed in atopic monocytes under stimulated and unstimulated conditions and in inflamed and non-inflamed atopic epidermis. PGE2 is able to suppress interleukin 4-induced IgE synthesis of human non-atopic mononuclear cells in vitro. We have demonstrated a suppressive effect of PGE1 and PGE2 on in vitro IgE synthesis of mononuclear blood cells of patients with AD and respiratory allergies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dermatitis, Atopic↗
PubMed1992

[Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with cutaneous manifestations in a 13-year-old girl].

We describe a 13-year-old girl with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. The patient's main symptom was a generalized pruritic maculopapular rash located mainly on the upper and lower limbs. In addition to the skin lesions, physical examination revealed enlarged cervical, axillary and inguinal lymph nodes. There were also hepatosplenomegaly and oedema of both hands. Blood examination showed elevated ESR, haemolytic anaemia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia and eosinophilia. Virus serology including HIV I and II and HTLV I was negative. Histopathological examination of a lesional skin biopsy showed superficial and deep dermal infiltrate extending into the subcutaneous tissue. The infiltrate consisted of lymphocytes, some with atypical nuclei, histiocytoid cells, and few eosinophils. There was also proliferation of dermal blood vessels. Examination of an enlarged cervical lymph node disclosed typical histopathological features of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and confirmed the diagnosis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

[Neurothekeoma. A light and electron microscopy, histochemical and immunohistochemical study].

We report a 37-year-old man with neurothekeoma that developed on the tip of the nose. Histopathological examination revealed a lobulated myxoid dermal tumour. The tumour cells were spindle-shaped or bizarre configuration. In the lower part of the dermis the lesion contained abundant cells simulating glomus tumour or melanocytic naevus. Staining with S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and desmin were negative. The matrix of the tumour was positive for Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Electron microscopic examination showed that the lesion was composed of dendritic cells separated by abundant glassy matrix and varying amounts of collagen fibres. Some of the cells looked like fibroblasts, and others like perineurial cells. The histogenesis of the tumour is discussed with particular attention to histochemical, immunohistochemical, light and electron microscopic findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Photosensitivity induced by quinidine sulfate: experimental reproduction of skin lesions.

A case of quinidine sulfate-induced photodermatitis is reported. The photosensitive reaction to quinidine sulfate was reproducible in the photopatch test and after oral intake plus ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation. Eczematous dermatitis was provoked after intradermal injection of in vitro UVA-irradiated quinidine sulfate only in the presence of patient's serum. The clinical picture and histology suggest an allergic reaction. The photobinding of quinidine sulfate to a potential carrier protein in skin or serum seems to be of crucial importance for this type of photodermatitis. Quinidine sulfate is frequently used as an antiarrhythmic drug. Its potential as a photosensitizer should always be considered.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Sulzberger-Garbe exudative discoid and lichenoid chronic dermatosis ("Oid-Oid disease")--reality or fiction?].

In 1937, Sulzberger and Garbe singled out an exudative discoid and lichenoid chronic dermatosis characterized by the combination of various symptoms which by themselves are not specific from the heterogeneous eczema group. The report of a 7-year-old girl is used as a basis to describe the characteristics of the disease and to present the authors' own interpretation. Clinically, there were discoid and lichenoid lesions with severe pruritus. Blood examination revealed eosinophilia. Histopathological examination of skin lesions showed psoriasiform, spongiotic, lichenoid dermatitis. A therapeutic regimen of oral corticosteroids led to complete regression of the skin changes. We feel that there are no clinical or histological findings to differentiate Sulzberger-Garbe disease definitely from extensive nummular eczema.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1992

[Actinic prurigo].

Actinic prurigo is a rare idiopathic photodermatosis, which shares some features with atopic dermatitis, polymorphous light eruption, hydroa vacciniforme and persistent light reaction. It is, however, recognized as a distinct entity. Among American Indians a familial variant is observed. Characteristic features are a chronic course with sustained exacerbations, which are seasonal at first, but later perennial. The disorder may improve in adulthood. The typical clinical features are urticarial plaques a few hours after UV exposure, and a persistent eczematous, prurigo-like rash distributed over skin areas exposed to light but sometimes extending even into photoprotected areas. Therapy is extremely difficult and unrewarding. In the present paper the entity is defined and three typical cases are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of UV-A and UV-B irradiation on the skin barrier. Skin physiologic, electron microscopy and lipid biochemistry studies].

In order to gain insight into the effects of UV-irradiation on the skin barrier, functional (skin reactivity), electron microscopic and lipid-biochemical studies were performed. In three different irritation models, both UV-A-irradiated and UV-B-irradiated areas proved to be more resistant to damage than normal skin, providing evidence for improvement of barrier function after UV irradiation. Electron microscopic evaluation showed that UV-B induced a significant increase in horny cell layers, whereas after UV-A no change was detected. However, both UV-B and UV-A exposure resulted in an increase in the amount of all stratum corneum lipids. This was also observed in all major ceramide subfractions, which are believed to be the essential lipid constituents for the epidermal barrier function. These findings may explain the known beneficial effects of phototherapy in dermatoses with impaired barrier function, i.e., atopic dermatitis.

Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation↗
PubMed1992

[Dowling-Degos disease with exclusively genital manifestations].

We report on two women with pigmented lesions of the vulva. The histopathology (filiform downgrowth of pigmented epithelial strands two to four cells wide, extending from the interfollicular epidermis and from follicular infundibula; no increased numbers of melanocytes; horn pseudocysts) was specific for Dowling-Degos disease. One patient also had acne inversa, and the other patient had been treated surgically for a pilonidal sinus some years before. The spectrum of conditions that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of genital pigmented lesions is discussed. Vulvar melanosis, genital lentigo, malignant melanoma, acanthosis nigricans maligna and benigna and syndromes occurring concomitantly with pigmentation of the mucosa need to be excluded. The association of Dowling-Degos disease with acne inversa, which was recently described for the first time, is discussed.

Adult↗