[Amyloidosis. Clinico-pathological picture. Part I: Nosography].
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Amyloid↗
Biomedical subjects
G Pasquinelli
Publications and source records attributed to G Pasquinelli.
[Subcutaneous myolipoma with bizarre cells: morphological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of a case and review of the literature].
A new case of subcutaneous myolipoma is reported. Grossly it appeared as a yellow-whitish nodule of 5.5 cm, in its major axis and showed well defined borders. Histologically the tumour was constituted by two components: areas of mature fat tissue were interminged with more cellular areas composed of bundles of spindle shaped eosinophilic cells, reminiscent of smooth muscle cells. In these latter component, cells showing multilobated, bizarre nuclei were also focally evident. No areas of necrosis, nor mitosis were found in both the components of the lesion. The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings revealed the myofibroblastic nature of the cellular myoid component of the lesion. The presence of myoid cells with bizarre, multilobated nuclei was considered expression of a regressive phenomenon, as observed in the so called "bizarre" leiomyoma of the uterus. Two years after the initial diagnosis the patient is well and free of disease. Soft tissue myolipoma is a benign lesion which has to be distinguished from lesions with malignant or uncertain biologic behaviour. The clinicopathologic features of the present case are discussed and compared to those of the previously reported cases of soft tissue myolipoma.
Adipose Tissue↗
["Hyaline-cell chondroid syringoma." Morphological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of a case and review of the literature].
Chondroid syringoma represents the cutaneous counterpart of mixed tumor ("pleomorphic adenoma") of salivary glands, therefore it is also termed mixed tumor of the skin. The presence of hyaline cells in mixed tumors of salivary gland is a very well known event. Tumors mainly or exclusively composed of hyaline cells are termed myoepitheliomas of hyaline type, accordingly to their alleged myoepithelial origin. Scanty components of hyaline cells in chondroid syringomas of the skin have also been observed since more than a decade. However chondroid syringomas mainly or exclusively composed of hyaline cells have been reported only very recently. If the hyaline cells of chondroid syringomas are myoepithelial or epithelial in origin is still a matter of debate, we prefer to retain the descriptive label "hyaline cell-rich chondroid syringoma" as originally conceived by JA Ferrero and AG Nascimento the patronimic authors of the entity. A case of hyaline cell-rich chondroid syringoma is reported on in a white male patient aged 64, which occurred on the external ear of 1-year duration. This case was studied immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally. Both immunoprofile which included reactivity for vimentin, low molecular weight cytokeratins, S-100 protein, GFAP (focally), alfa-smooth actin and muscle-specific actin, and ultrastructural features including evidence of intermediate filaments (non-bundling filaments, tonofilaments), desmosomes, and thin filaments of actin type sustain a myoepithelial differentiation for hyaline cells of this tumor and site. The authors also remark the importance of being aware of this new entity during the diagnostic practice for avoiding misinterpretation. A list of condition to be taken into account in differential diagnosis is also given.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
Human epidermal Langerhans cells express the ICAM-3 molecule. Immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopical demonstration.
Three ligands have been described for the leucocyte integrin LFA-1, namely intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, ICAM-2, and ICAM-3. ICAMs show differences in tissue distribution and inducibility. The recently described ICAM-3 is highly expressed on resting lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils. Here, we demonstrate that the whole human epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) population expresses this molecule. Immunohistochemical staining of skin sections with an anti-ICAM-3 monoclonal antibody displayed reactivity with dendritic epidermal cells regularly distributed along the epidermis. Highly-sensitive immunoelectron microscopy procedures, performed on freshly suspended epidermal cells both at transmission and scanning electron microscopic levels, enabled demonstration that the whole LC population expresses cell surface ICAM-3. In contrast, keratinocytes and melanocytes were consistently negative. The prominent expression of ICAM-3 by resident LC could imply a crucial part for this molecule in leucocyte-intercellular interactions in the skin.
Antigens, CD↗
Microwave oven heating enhances the ultrastructural detection of antigens in bioacryl-embedded tissue sections.
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Acrylates↗
Smooth muscle differentiation in normal human ovaries, ovarian stromal hyperplasia and ovarian granulosa-stromal cells tumors.
An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigation on the presence of "smooth muscle differentiation" in stromal ovarian tissue was carried out in 10 adult granulosa cell tumors, six juvenile granulosa cell tumors, six thecoma/fibrothecomas, six cases of stromal hyperplasia, and in 10 normal ovaries. For immunohistochemistry, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were processed using anti-alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SM actin) and anti-desmin as primary monoclonal antibodies. All adult granulosa cell tumors and juvenile granulosa cell tumors showed an intense alpha-SM actin immunoreaction, but weaker for desmin. Immunostain was diffuse in six out of 10 and five out of six adult granulosa cell tumors and juvenile granulosa cell tumors, respectively. Ultrastructurally, intermediate filaments focally converging into well developed desmosomes as well as peripheral bundles of myofilaments were documented both in adult granulosa cell tumors and juvenile granulosa cell tumors. In thecoma/fibrothecomas and stromal hyperplasia, alpha-SM actin and desmin expression was minimal or absent; on electron microscopy some "myoid" features and myofibroblasts were also seen. In normal ovaries, alpha-SM actin was found intensely expressed in the theca externa, focally identified in cortex-medulla, and unstained in the theca interna layer. Immunoreaction increased during folliculogenesis, going from a thin positive alpha-SM actin layer around secondary follicles to a strong diffuse stain in mature follicles. Our immunohistochemical and ultrastructural results indicate that a "smooth muscle differentiation" is a typical component of the specialized gonadal stromal tissue. A diffuse and focally alpha-SM actin is constantly present in granulosa cell tumors and thecoma/fibrothecomas, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Actins↗
The morphology of elastin in non-specific and inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms. A comparative transmission, scanning and immunoelectronmicroscopy study.
The maintenance of the mechanical properties of the vessels results from the correct arrangement of smooth muscle cells and extracellular fibrous proteins (elastin and collagen) in their wall. The morphology of extracellular matrix modifications, particularly of elastin, was investigated in inflammatory (IA) and non specific (NSA) abdominal aortic aneurysms by scanning (SEM), transmission (TEM) and immunoelectron microscopy. Both NSAs and IAs were significantly characterized by extensive extracellular matrix remodelling, including different patterns of elastin degradation. Elastic and collagen fibres distribution appeared to be extensively altered in IAs, while it conformed more to a normal pattern in NSAs. With respect to NSAs, the morphology of elastic fibres in IAs was modified to such an extent that their identification by TEM had a rely on immunocytochemical methods and by SEM on back-scattered electron analysis. The observed ultrastructural changes are indicative of the central role of extracellular matrix modifications in the pathogenesis of IAs and NSAs.
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal↗
Gastro-intestinal stromal tumors: an ultrastructural reinterpretation of the clear cell component.
The histology, immunohistochemistry and ultrastructure of six gastro-intestinal stromal tumors of the stomach (GSTs) showing a focal to diffuse clear cell component are reported. At light microscopy, all GSTs had typical histopathological features with one case additionally displaying stromal myxoid changes and scattered multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemically, 6 of 6 GSTs stained positive for vimentin, 2 of 6 for smooth muscle specific actin and 1 of 6 for desmin. At electron microscopy, GSTs showed microfilaments with focal densities as well as other smooth muscle features, such as subplasmalemmal linear densities and foci of external lamina. Ultrastructural appearances of tumor cells with clear cell features showed these not to be an artifact of fixation, but the expression of an unusual cytophagocytic activity. Inclusions of auto- and heterophagocytic nature were found responsible for the origin of the large, mostly lipidic vacuoles which displaced cell nuclei peripherally in a signet-ring fashion. It is concluded that such previously unrecognized features are ultrastructural aspects of GSTs with smooth muscle differentiation.
Adult↗
Fibrin sealant in laparoscopic adhesion prevention in the rabbit uterine horn model.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of fibrin sealant on adhesions after laparoscopic surgery. DESIGN: Standardized surgical trauma was induced in 60 female rabbits. The animals were randomized in three groups for different adhesion prevention treatment. SETTING: University research laboratory. INTERVENTIONS: After standardized trauma was induced, group 1 (n = 20) received no treatment, group 2 animals (n = 20) were injected in the abdominal cavity with 60 mL of Ringer's lactate, and human fibrin sealant was applied on the surgical lesions under laparoscopic vision in group 3 (n = 20). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Five weeks after laparoscopy, a laparotomy was performed, and the adhesions were scored. RESULTS: Fourteen of 20 rabbits in the control group (70%) presented postoperative adhesions, 11 of 20 (55%) in the Ringer's group, and 5 of 20 (25%) in the fibrin sealant group. High-score adhesions were seen in 15% of cases in control and Ringer's group and in 5% of cases in the fibrin sealant group. CONCLUSIONS: When used during laparoscopic surgery, fibrin sealant has a preventive effect on de novo postsurgical adhesions. To assess the efficacy in reproductive surgery, a trial on recurrent postsurgical adhesions is required.
Animals↗
Hyaline globules in ovarian tumours.
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Erythrocytes↗
Trichomicosis pubis: black variety.
A case of a 25 year old man with the black variety of trichomicosis pubis is presented on account of its extreme rareity. Scanning electron microscopy confirms that trichomicosis pubis is caused by bacterial colonisation of the pubic hair and shows that bacteria are able to penetrate cuticular horny cells directly through their free plasma membrane.
Adult↗
Expression of intermediate filaments in normal and neoplastic exocrine pancreas.
The intermediate filament (IF) proteins present in the normal and pathological exocrine human pancreas were studied by immunolocalization using antibodies to cytokeratins (CKs) and vimentin. Acinar cells of normal pancreas showed a presence of simple CKs 8 and 18. Duct epithelium consistently expressed CKs 7, 8, 18 and 19 whereas centroacinar cells were rather low in CK 7. A subpopulation of CK 4 cells was detected in inter-intralobular ducts. In addition, some ducts contained individual cells or groups of cells that were positive for the stratification-related CKs (CKs 4, 5, 13, 15, 16). All pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas regularly expressed CKs 7, 8, 18, 19 and were also positive for the 34 beta E12 antibody. Cytokeratin 4 was detected in a minor population of tumor cells. Pancreatic carcinoma also contained minor amounts of stratification-related CKs in variable combinations. Mucinous cystoadenocarcinoma showed the presence of CKs 7, 8, 18, 19 and was also positive for 34 beta E12, whereas the serous microcystic tumor presented CKs 8, 18, 19 and a variable amount of CKs 4 and 7. The duct-ductular alterations of the exocrine pancreas contained a different combination and distribution of CK isoforms similar to normal pancreatic ductal system. Mucinous hypertrophy and pyloric gland metaplasia reacted with antibodies to CKs 7, 8, 18 and 19. Vimentin was focally present both in normal and neoplastic tissue. Our results indicate that pancreatic ducts are characterized by an intrinsic "biliary-pancreatic duct type" immunoprofile (CKs 7, 8, 18 and 19), in contrast to acinar cells expressing exclusively CKs 8 and 18. We also detected a subpopulation of ducts regularly expressing CK 4. Surprisingly, several stratification-related CKs were detected both in normal and neoplastic exocrine pancreas. Moreover, the differentiation phenotypes of pancreatic tumors were reminiscent of normal cellular compartments.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Nuclear bodies associated with core particles of hepatitis B virus in a healthy carrier.
An unusual association of nuclear bodies (NB) with core particles of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is described in a healthy carrier who histologically showed ground glass hepatocytes with occasional sanded-nuclei. Ultrastructurally, many hepatocytes had typical features of HBV infection. Unexpectedly, a few cells contained previously undescribed complexes of NB studded with a number of HBV core particles. The ultrastructural characteristics of these complexes and their possible relation to HBV morphogenesis are briefly discussed.
Carrier State↗
Effect of in situ cold University of Wisconsin (UW) solution flushing and preservation on arterial graft morphology.
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Adenosine↗
Origin of unreactive hyaline bodies from erythrocytes in genital tumors.
Two genital tumors, one a lipid virilizing cell tumor of the ovary, the other an ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with retiform pattern, were studied focusing attention on the numerous eosinophilic hyaline bodies that were present both in the extracellular spaces and within the cytoplasm of the proliferating cells. Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry revealed that they were PAS positive and alpha-1-fetoprotein negative. Under electronmicroscopy these hyaline bodies appeared to correspond to variably altered red blood cells: red blood cell ghosts, erythrocytes with Heinz bodies, phagocytosed erythrocytes. Our findings could explain the origin of at least a part of the hyaline bodies found in similar or in other unrelated pathologies.
Adolescent↗
Long-term cryopreservation of autologous veins in rabbits.
This study was undertaken to determine the effect of long-term cryopreservation on graft ultrastructure and endothelial cell viability in an animal model. The jugular veins from 12 New Zealand White rabbits were excised with a 'no-touch' technique and divided into four groups: control group (fresh veins); group 1, veins cryopreserved for 1 month; group 2, veins cryopreserved for 2 months; and group 3, veins cryopreserved for 3 months. Cryopreservation was accomplished by rapid freezing (-5 degrees C s-1 to -196 degrees C) in a solution of 17.5% dimethylsulphoxide and 20% fetal bovine serum and by storage in liquid nitrogen. Veins were then implanted as a carotid autograft (three grafts/group). At the time of graft implantation a segment of the paired matched vein was perfusion-fixed and evaluated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, whereas the remainder were subjected to endothelial cell culture techniques to determine cell viability. Autografts were removed 1 month after implantation and subjected to similar evaluations. Histological changes seen in cryopreserved veins were dependent on preservation time and included focal endothelial cell blebbing, cytoplasmic vacuolization and disruption of cell-to-cell contacts. Smooth muscle cells showed mitochondrial swelling. Patency was identical in all groups (66.6%). Explants at 1 month were similar in histological appearance to fresh veins with a smooth endothelial cell lining arranged longitudinally and intact cell junctions. Endothelial cells could be cultured from fresh veins and 1-month-old explants but not from the cryopreserved graft surface before implantation. the present technique of cryopreservation leads to some damage of graft architecture and loss of endothelial cell viability.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Anastomosis, Surgical↗
New insights suggesting a possible role of a heat shock protein 70-kD family-related protein in antigen processing/presentation phenomenon in humans.
A possible role of the peptide binding protein (PBP) 72/74 in antigen processing and presentation has been recently suggested in mice. In order to evaluate a possible analogous role of a PBP72/74-related protein in humans, immunoelectron microscope investigations, functional studies, and immunofluorescence analyses were performed on normal human peripheral antigen-presenting cells. We demonstrated that the determinant recognized by antiheat shock protein (HSP) 72/73 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) is constitutively expressed on the cell surface of monocytes as well as of B cells. Moreover, the capability of monocytes to present a recall antigen to T cells was significantly decreased when preincubated with an anti-HSP72/73 MoAb. These data add further strength to a potential role of a protein related to human PBP72/74 homologue in antigen processing and/or presentation. Finally, the capability of anti-HSP72/73 MoAb to impair the ability of fixed monocytes to present a synthetic peptide demonstrates that cell surface-localized PBP72/74-related protein could play a role in antigen presentation.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
A new polychrome stain and simultaneous methods of histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical stainings performed on semithin sections of Bioacryl-embedded human tissues.
We describe a new polychrome stain and simultaneous methods of histological, histochemical and immunocytochemical staining performed on sections from human tissues embedded in the new hydrophilic resin Bioacryl. The polychrome stain involves the sequential use of Harris' Haematoxylin, silver methenamine, Light Green and Eosin or Safranin dyes and provides a highly specific visualization of the overall cytological tissue architecture. When histochemical, immunocytochemical, and polychrome stains are performed together on the same section, crisp images are obtained, yielding simultaneous data of histochemical and immunological reactivities with clear tissue architecture.
Acrylic Resins↗