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Biomedical subjects

G Palmieri

Publications and source records attributed to G Palmieri.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Salvage chemotherapy for non Hodgkin's lymphoma of unfavourable histology with a combination of CCNU and vinblastine.

Twenty patients with relapsed or refractory, intermediate or high grade non Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with a combination of CCNU and vinblastine. Complete responses occurred in four patients (20 per cent), partial responses in eight (40 per cent), for an overall response rate of 60 per cent. The regimen was more effective in patients with high grade lymphoma, absence of constitutional symptoms, better response to prior treatment. Duration of response was 4, 8, 16, 30 months for complete responders; 2, 2, 6, 6, 6, 8, 9, 14 months for partial responders. This combination regimen seems at least as effective as most of other regimens utilized in salvage treatment of non Hodgkin's lymphomas, with a very acceptable toxicity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CAVBP/DEP alternating chemotherapy for the treatment of intermediate and high grade non Hodgkin's lymphoma: final results of a pilot study.

Between May 1984 and September 1986, 40 patients with intermediate or high grade non Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with a novel protocol, which alternated a conventional regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, bleomycin, and prednisone (CAVBP) with a second chemotherapy regimen, including two drugs with newly discovered activity against lymphomas, such as cis-platin, etoposide, and prednisone (DEP). Twenty-one patients (52.5 per cent) achieved a complete response, 11 patients (27.5 per cent) had a partial response. Eight of the 21 complete responders (38 per cent) relapsed 5 to 24 months after completion of treatment. With a median follow-up of over 40 months, 22 patients are alive, six with disease and three in a second complete response after salvage chemotherapy. Factors negatively associated with response included 'B' symptoms, advanced stage of disease, bulky tumour, poor performance status, number of extranodal sites of disease. 'B' symptoms, bulky tumour, and poor performance status were also negatively associated with survival. Toxicity was modest, with no treatment-related deaths and only six cases of severe leukopenia. The results of this pilot study do not justify comparison of CAVBP/DEP with more efficacious regimens in prospective, randomized trials.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ACTH-adrenal system and exogenous steroids.

The results obtained from a research on 100 patients of both sexes affected with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive bronchopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, haematological disorders and some other pathological forms, all depending on steroid therapy, are reported in this paper. The treatment was carried out using a new chronopluricorticoid (Dutimelan 8 15). The clinical efficiency is comparable to that obtained by the traditional steroid treatment with the advantage that symptoms of hypercorticism were absent or insignificant. The authors believe that such excellent results are to be attributed to the particular chronopharmacological characteristics of this preparation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dose-finding study of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine in combination with fixed doses of cisplatin and L-folinic acid for the treatment of advanced or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

In order to assess the maximum tolerated dose of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5dFUR) combined with a cisplatin (20 mg/m2 i.v.) and L-folinic acid (100 mg/m2 i.v.), 5-day schedule 19 consecutive chemotherapy-naive patients affected by advanced or recurrent carcinoma of the head and neck were entered in this phase I trial. Doses of 5dFUR were escalated from a starting level of 2,000 mg/m2/day up to 3,000 and 5,000 mg/m2/day. At the latter step the dose-limiting acute toxicities were stomatitis and diarrhea, which were of WHO grade 3-4 and occurred in 3 and 1 out of 4 evaluated patients, respectively. Other grade 3 acute toxicities were leukopenia, anemia, renal impairment, and neurologic symptoms, observed in 1 patient each. Furthermore, one possibly treatment-related death was registered among patients entered in the highest dose level. Eleven out of 19 patients (58%; 95% CI:34-80%) showed a complete (2 cases) or partial (9 cases) response to this treatment, regardless of the 5dFUR dosage employed. From our results we may define the maximum tolerated dose of 5dFUR to be associated with cisplatin and L-folin acid used in this trial as 3,000 mg/m2/day x 5 days. Assessment of the real activity of this combination chemotherapy deserves further studies.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Significance of methotrexate serum level achieved in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies treated with sequential methotrexate, L-folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil.

Twenty-one patients affected by advanced carcinoma of the digestive tract, all but 2 previously treated, received on day 1 every 2 weeks a 2-hour intravenous (i.v.) infusion of methotrexate (MTX), 250 mg/m2, followed 24 h later by a 2-hour i.v. infusion of L-folinic acid (LFA), 250 mg/m2, and 5-fluorouracil (FU), 600 mg/mg2 as an i.v. bolus. Only 1 previously untreated patient obtained a partial response. The MTX serum level assessed 24 h after its infusion (24-hour sMTX) ranged from 0.3 to 5.7 (median: 0.9) microM, and in only 8/21 patients reached a concentration > or = 1 microM. A further 46 patients (of whom 22 had been previously treated) received the same treatment as above but with a double dosage (500 mg/m2) of MTX. Twelve of these 46 patients (26%, 95% confidence interval = 14-41%) achieved a partial response with this regimen. Responses were obtained in chemotherapy-naive patients (8/24) and in previously treated patients (4/22). The 24-hour sMTX ranged from 1.2 to 9.5 microM)(median: 2.3) and was > or = 2 microM in 30/46 patients. Among patients showing a 24-hour sMTX value > or = 2 microM, the response rate was 39% (45% in previously untreated patients), while no patient with a 24-hour sMTX value below 2 microM at 24 h obtained a major response (p = 0.0017). Our findings demonstrate that 500 mg/m2 of MTX given as a 2-hour i.v. infusion is required to reach a serum concentration of at least 1 microM for 24 h. Furthermore, the double biochemical modulation of FU may obtain an objective response in patients previously treated with fluoropyrimidines.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical and immunological evaluation of oral ribavirin administration in recurrent herpes simplex infections.

A total of 38 out-patients with recurrent oral or genital Herpes simplex virus infections received either oral ribavirin (800-1600 mg/day for 7 days) or placebo following a randomized and balanced protocol. Clinical and laboratory parameters, including haematological, metabolic and immunological tests, were checked in order to estimate tolerance to and efficacy of ribavirin on recurrent Herpes simplex virus infection and on the number of recurrences during the 12 months following treatment. Ribavirin showed definite superiority in the treatment of recurrent Herpes simplex virus 1, when compared to placebo, its efficacy being enhanced if treatment is started as soon as possible after infection has started. No significant modification of the parameters used to assess tolerance was noted; moreover there was no modification of the immunological parameters evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of sialoglycoconjugates in the oviductal isthmus of the horse during anoestrus, oestrus and pregnancy: a lectin histochemistry study.

The distribution of sialic acid residues as well as other glycosidic sugars has been investigated in the horse oviductal isthmus during anoestrus, oestrus and pregnancy by means of lectin and pre-lectin methods. Ciliated cells and non-ciliated (secretory) cells exhibited different lectin binding profiles that were found to change during the investigated stages. Ciliated cells did not show any reactivity in the basal cytoplasm, while the supra-nuclear cytoplasm displayed a few of oligosaccharides with terminal and internal alphamannose (Man) and/or alphaglucose (Glc) during oestrus and pregnancy and a moderate presence of oligosaccharides terminating in alphafucose (Fuc) during oestrus; cilia exhibited a more complex glycoconjugate pattern for the presence of oligosaccharides terminating in N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), GalNAcalpha1,3 GalNAcalpha1,3galactose(Gal)beta1,4Galbeta1,4N-acetylglucosamine(GlcNAc), Fuc, sialic acid (Neu5Ac)-aGalNAc belonging or not to the GalNAca1,3GalNAca1,3 Galb1,4 Galb1, 4GlcNAc sequence, and. alphaGalNAc and Neu5Aca 2,6Gal/GalNAc increased during oestrus. Cilia displayed terminal Galbeta1,3 GalNAc in pregnancy, terminal alphaGal in anoestrus and pregnancy and terminal or internal D-GlcNAc during anoestrus and pregnancy, respectively. The whole cytoplasm of non-ciliated cells showed oligosaccharides terminating with alphaGalNAc, Neu5Aca2,6Gal/GalNAc, Neu5Ac GalNAca 1,3GalNAcalpha1,3Galbeta1,4Galbeta1,4GlcNAc during the investigated stages, as well as GlcNAc in anoestrus and pregnancy. The supra-nuclear zone of non-ciliated cells exhibited oligosaccharides with terminal Galbeta1,4GlcNAc and internal Man during oestrus and pregnancy as well as terminal alphaGal and Fuc in oestrus and Neu5Ac-Galbeta1,3GalNAc in pregnancy. The luminal surface of non-ciliated cells showed glycans terminating with alphaGalNAc and/or Neu5Ac GalNAcalpha1,3 GalNAcalpha1,3Galbeta1,4Galbeta1,4GlcNAc in all specimens, oligosaccharides with terminal Galbeta1,4GlcNAc and internal Man during oestrus and pregnancy, Neu5Ac alpha2,6Gal/GalNAc in anoestrus and oestrus, and glycans terminating with Galbeta1,3GalNAc, Neu5A acalpha2,3 Galbeta1, 4GlcNac, Neu5ac-Galbeta1,3GalNAc, Neu5Ac-Galbeta1,4 GlcNAc in pregnancy. These findings show the presence of sialoglycoconjugates in the oviductal isthmus of the mare as well as the existence of great modifications in the glycoconjugates linked to different physiological conditions.

Anestrus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Histological and immunohistochemical investigation on ovarian development and plasma estradiol levels in the swordfish (Xiphias gladius L.).

The paper reports a histological and immunohistochemical description of oocyte growth and ultrastructural aspects of zona radiata (ZR) formation as well as the relationship between plasma estradiol-17beta, (E2) levels and ovarian development in swordfish (Xiphias gladius L.) from the Mediterranean Sea. Ovaries were inactive during March to mid April; maturation occurred during late April to June and spawning in June and July. Zona radiata formation starts, as Pas positive material, in oocytes at the lipid stage. In this stage a deposit of electrondense material between oolemma and follicular cells appears. In the cortical alveoli stage and through the early vitellogenic stage, the deposition of a moderately electrondense material occurred on the inner side of the ZR. Finally, in late vitellogenic oocytes a third layer, made of microfibrillar material, appeared. The immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the initial internalisation of hepatic zona radiata proteins (Zrp) in the swordfish oocyte starts before the uptake of vitellogenin (Vtg) and that it is associated with the low previtellogenic E2 plasma levels, while a significant E2 increase in plasma is associated with the beginning of Vtg uptake. This would appear to confirm the hypothesis that the differential and sequential induction of zonagenesis and vitellogenesis may reflect a general feature of teleost oogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[An experimental study of the use of synthetic meshes in large abdominal eventrations].

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility of Angimesh mesh (polypropilene) in rats, usually used to replace or to strengthen the abdominal fasciae. METHODS: We made an abdominal longitudinal incision of skin and muscles in 20 rats was carried out and two muscular semilunae removed. The incision was occluded with Angimesh mesh fixed by ethilcyanoacrilate glue (first group of rats) or with suture stitches (second group of rats). The animals were sacrificed after 80 days and the stability of the mesh and the presence of endoperitoneal adhesion were evaluated macroscopically, and microscopically the fibrogenesis and inflammation answer. RESULTS: Two rats of the first group and seven of the second group died before 30 days. The mesh was more steady when fixed by suture. Adhesion in the contact sites between the mesh and the peritoneum was found. Histology did not show any inflammation reaction but showed a fibrogenic answer. CONCLUSIONS: The cyanoacrilate non-toxicity has been confirmed also in this application. Angimesh mesh showed good biocompatibility and resulted ideal for the synthesis of large abdominal resections.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

One-year pilot study on tauroursodeoxycholic acid as an adjuvant treatment after liver transplantation.

BACKGROUND: The usefulness of ursodeoxycholic acid after liver transplantation is controversial. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid, the natural taurine-amidate, is a highly hydrophilic and cytoprotective bile salt currently under investigation. AIMS: To investigate the clinical usefulness of tauroursodeoxycholic acid after liver transplantation. PATIENTS: Thirty-three patients undergoing liver transplantation entered the study. METHODS: Sixteen patients were randomized to receive tauroursodeoxycholic acid (250 b.i.d. for 12 months) and 17 served as controls. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid was given from day 5 after transplantation for one year. RESULTS: Tauroursodeoxycholic acid treatment was safe and well tolerated. No drop outs occurred. Among the 29 patients undergoing long-term follow-up, five deaths occurred (3 of whom in the tauroursodeoxycholic acid group), none of which was related to treatment. The one-year actuarial survival was 78.6% in patients treated with tauroursodeoxycholic acid and 86.7% in controls (n.s.). No differences were observed with respect to early or late graft function and survival, nor to acute cellular rejection. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid therapy was associated with lower serum cholesterol levels (p < 0.02) during the early postoperative months; with milder cholestasis; with a drop in biliary cholates but no changes in endogenous hydrophobic bile salts. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term treatment with low dose tauroursodeoxycholic acid after liver transplantation is safe but does not affect graft function and survival.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interferon alpha-2b at low doses as long-term antiangiogenic treatment of a metastatic intracranial hemangioendothelioma: a case report.

We describe a case of intracranial haemangioendothelioma in a 20-year old female patient who presented severe neurological symptoms and relapsed after two surgical interventions. The patient was treated with low doses of recombinant interferon alpha-2b (1 MUI three times a week) after surgical resection which led to recovery of daily function and work activity. To our knowledge, this is the ninth patient reported with intracranial hemangioendothelioma, but the only one having diffuse and painful bone metastases resolved by treatment with interferon. After 30 months the patient is free from symptoms and recurrence. The effectiveness shown by recombinant interferon alpha-2b against vascular neoplasms prompted us to look for the possible biological basis of such a property.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On the presence of ganglion cells in the intracranial portion of the accessory nerve (XI cranial nerve) in some mammals.

The intracranial tract of the accessory nerve (XI cranial nerve) was studied in some mammals (equines, domestic and wild ruminants, pig, carnivores, rabbit, nutria, guinea pig, hamster, hedgehog). The specimens were embedded in paraffin or paraplast, the sections were stained with cresyl violet, haematoxylin and eosin, or submitted to argentic impregnation. Pseudounipolar ganglion cells were found in all the mammals examined, with the exception of the cat. The number of cells and their variability in the different species and subjects were related. The topography and morphology of the cells were described. This comparative study has demonstrated that the accessory nerve is not a entirely motor nerve, but it is a mixed, motor and sensitive, nerve. Nevertheless, we think further studies are necessary in order to establish the peripheral distribution, the central pathway and the functional role of the pseudounipolar neurons found in the intracranial tract of the accessory nerve.

Accessory Nerve↗
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[Treatment of urinary infections with ticarcillin and clavulanic acid (Clavucar) by the intramuscular route].

20 patients suffering from hospital-acquired UTI received intramuscularly ticarcillin 1 g and clavulanic acid 200 mg for 8 days. At the end of antimicrobial therapy 84.2% of the pts presented sterile urine. After 2 weeks 68.4% of the pts continued to have sterile urine. No significant side effects were registered. The results demonstrate that the association of ticarcillin with clavulanic acid can be considered a useful option in hospital acquired UTI.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Latent pathology of the thyroid: an epidemiological and statistical study of thyroids sampled during 507 consecutive autopsies].

In order to highlight the occult pathology of the thyroid in the aged, the authors examined all the glands withdrawn from 507 consecutive autopsies on subjects of 67.10 years of median age. In 10 tables there are weight and measurements of the thyroids, macro and microscopic details and pathologic appearances. Adenomas were found in 17.1% of cases and histologically besides the known cases referred also to the Hürtle cells type, 4 clear cells adenomas and 5 adenolipomas were found. In 27.42% the subjects were affected or were dead for a malignant extrathyroidal neoplasm, and in 26% of these there was a metastasis in the thyroid. Never a primitive thyroid carcinoma, macroscopically and clinically evident, but in 53 thyroid glands, 54 occult carcinomas (OC) were found, particularly 37 papillary and 17 medullary. IN 57% of 165 histologically treated thyroids, to evidence C-cells, hyperplasia of these cells was found associated with various pathologic conditions, more in aged subjects. In 147 glands were found 170 nodules of various number of cells, at times positive for calcitonin. These solid cellular nodes (SCN) were evaluated as nodular C-cells hyperplasia. Besides isolated cases of acute thyroiditis (also the mycotic type), of tubercular thyroiditis and Hashimoto's, in 12% of the glands a lymphocytic chronic thyroiditis was found, frequently with Hürtle cells. Others observations were: basophilic thickening of colloid also with calcium oxalate crystals, lipoid degeneration of follicular cells and fat interfollicular and interlobular infiltration, thyroid amyloidosis, inner and media elastic calcification of thyroid arteries, presence of cysts with squamous cells coating, parathyroid glands and cartilage intrathyroidal plaques.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differential lectin binding patterns in the oviductal ampulla of the horse during oestrus.

We investigated the oligosaccharide sequence of glycoconjugates, mainly sialoglycoconjugates, in the horse oviductal ampulla during oestrus by means of lectin and pre-lectin methods such as the KOH-neuraminidase procedure to remove sialic acid residues and incubation with N-glycosidase F to cleave N-linked glycans. Ciliated cells displayed N-linked oligosaccharides throughout the cytoplasm. The cilia glycocalyx expressed both N- and O-linked (mucin-type) oligosaccharides, both showing a high variety of terminal sequences. In the most non-ciliated cells, the whole cytoplasm contained N-linked oligosaccharides with terminal alphaGal as well as mucin-type glycans with terminal Forssman pentasaccharides. In a few scattered non-ciliated cells, the whole cytoplasm displayed sialylated N-linked oligosaccharides with terminal Neu5Ac-GalNAc and O-linked glycans terminating with neutral and/or alphaGalNAc, Neu5Ac alpha2,6Gal/GalNAc, Neu5AcGal beta1,3GalNAc. Supra-nuclear granules, probably Golgi zones, of non-ciliated cells showed mainly O-linked glycans rich in sialic acid residues. The luminal surface of non-ciliated cells showed N-linked oligosaccharides, containing terminal/internal alphaMan/alphaGlc, betaGlcNAc and terminal alphaGal, as well as mucin-type oligosaccharides terminating with a large variety of either neutral saccharides or sialylated sequences. Apical protrusions containing O-linked oligosaccharides with terminal Forssman pentasaccharide, Neu5Ac-Gal beta1,4GlcNAc, Neu5Ac-GalNAc were seen in non-ciliated cells scattered along the epithelium. These findings show the presence of sialoglycoconjugates in the oviductal ampulla epithelium of the mare and the existence of different lectin binding profiles between ciliated and non-ciliated (secretory) cells, as well as the presence of non-ciliated cell sub-types which might determine functional differences along the ampullary epithelium of mare oviduct.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Update on the presence of taste buds on the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis].

Previous investigations have ascertained, according to the results obtained by Bradley et al. (1980) in the sheep, that the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis of goat and bovine is always provided with numerous taste buds. These observations have verified in other ruminant species, as the moufflon and the buffalo, the validity of the above-named datum and have ascertained that it is always inconstant in the other animal species considered (wild boar, coypu). These taste buds show a typical structure (diameter of the outer taste pore varying from 2.7 to 4.2 micron, width of the chemoreceptors varying from 30 to 60 micron and length from 27.5 to 57.5 micron). Moreover, the normal structure of the above-named taste buds is also testified by the arrangement of their innervation and particularly by the integrity of the synaptic contacts. The results of the present research have permitted a critical and more severe examination of the probable functional role of those laryngeal receptors. In fact, in the ruminants they may protect the deep airways precluding to food particles the larynx in the phase of food regurgitation.

Animals↗