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Biomedical subjects

G Osborne

Publications and source records attributed to G Osborne.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Comparison of assessments of severity and quality of life in cutaneous disease.

Clinicians are, by profession, capable assessors of severity of disease. Whether from severity they can deduce a patient's Quality of Life (QoL) is debatable. This study compared scores for physician-assessed severity with the corresponding scores for patient QoL, as assessed using Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaires in 57 dermatological out-patients. Although there was some degree of correlation between the two measures (r = 0.56), interpretation of QoL from disease severity is clinically unreliable. Thus a physician's assessment of QoL requires formal assessment using a tool such as the DLQI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Dermatomyositis in association with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.

We report a case of dermatomyositis occurring in association with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. The case illustrates the importance of a thorough search for neoplasms in elderly patients with dermatomyositis and is a reminder that bladder cancer may be a rare cause of dermatomyositis. The case also shows that successful treatment of an underlying tumour may lead to resolution of paraneoplastic dermatomyositis, and relapse of cutaneous and muscle symptoms and signs may indicate recurrence of tumour.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Prevalence of Treponema denticola and Porphyromonas gingivalis in plaque from periodontally-healthy and periodontally-diseased sites.

Intracrevicular plaque from periodontally-healthy individuals who had refrained from oral hygiene measures for 24 h prior to sampling, and subgingival plaque from diseased sites of patients with chronic periodontitis were screened by ELISA for the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola. The samples were also subjected to the PerioScan test to detect the presence of enzymes capable of degrading N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-naphthylamide (BANA). Of the 141 samples from periodontally-healthy sites, 73% contained T. denticola antigens and 78% P. gingivalis antigens, compared to 43% and 59%, respectively, in plaque samples from the 159 diseased sites. A positive reaction in the PerioScan test was obtained in 89% of plaque samples from diseased sites and in 60% of those from healthy sites. The correlation between the results of the two assays was poor in the case of intracrevicular plaque from healthy sites. However, with plaque samples from diseased sites, the results of the PerioScan test showed very strong correlation with those obtained with the ELISA, suggesting that the former may be a useful, rapid means of indicating the presence of T. denticola and P. gingivalis in such plaque samples.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Relationships between cardiac dimensions, anthropometric characteristics and maximal aerobic power (VO2max) in young men.

Echocardiographic dimensions, anthropometric data and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were studied in 26 healthy sedentary male controls (mean age, 22.0 yrs) and 15 male endurance athletes (mean age, 20.3 yrs). Athletes displayed significantly greater mean values for left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole (LVIDd), end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and left ventricular mass (LVM). Statistically significant positive correlations were observed within the sedentary control group between left ventricular end-diastolic dimensions (LVIDd, mm and/or LVEDV, cm3) and body height (cm), body weight (kg), chest circumference (cm) and body surface area (m2). Left ventricular mass (LVM, g) correlated significantly with lean body mass (kg). Ectomorphic somatotype rating (Ecto) correlated negatively with LVEDV and LVM. Finally, VO2max (l/min) correlated significantly with LVIDd, LVEDV and LVM. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the degree of endomorphy (Endo), LVIDd (mm/m2) and chest circumference accounted for 89% of the variance in VO2max (ml/kg/min) within the athlete group. Endo, Ecto and LVIDd (mm/m2) accounted for 86% of the variance in VO2max (ml/kg/min) in the control group. This study supports the hypothesis that maximal aerobic power can be predicted from cardiac and anthropometric measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Biochemical and morphological changes induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the rat liver cell plasma membrane.

The administration of single oral doses of 200 micrograms kg-1 of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin to females of the outbred, Lac : P strain of rat results in the formation of hepatic multinucleate cells by cell fusion. Liver cell plasma membranes isolated 6 or 11 days after dosing show two distinct changes. The first is a decrease of the activity of K+-Mg2+-ATPase, which confirms histochemical observations. The second is the formation, in those animals showing a more severe intoxication, of a population of plasma membranes which are less dense than usual and which consist of extended membrane sheets. It is suggested that these alterations are consequent on a disturbance of lipid metabolism in the hepatic cells and that they represent early manifestations of the toxic process which leads to the formation of multinucleate cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Growth of the nasopharynx and adenoid development from one to eighteeen years.

1. The dimensions of the nasopharynx, the adenoids and the nasopharyngeal airway were analyzed in twelve subjects selected from the longitudinal growth study of the Child Research Council of Denver. 2. The nasopharyngeal area was defined by four skeletally defined lines which formed a trapezoid. The nasopharyngeal area was divided into an adenoid-pharyngeal wall and airway areas which were measured using a polar planimeter. The trapezoid analysis proved to be a useful technique for quantification of nasopharyngeal dimensions. 3. The growth of the nasopharynx from nine months to 18 years was established and reflected the different growth patterns of males and females. 4. The sphenoid line/palatal line angle (theta) and nasopharyngeal depth were established early in life and contributed little to the increase of nasopharyngeal area. The increase in nasopharyngeal area corresponded to the descent of the palate from the sphenoid bone which increased nasopharyngeal height. 5. Restriction of the nasopharyngeal airway frequently occurred during the pre- and early school years due to adenoid hypertrophy which exceeded the usual increase in nasopharyngeal capacity. 6. The nasopharyngeal airway increased during pre- and early adolescence due to the concurrent increase in nasopharyngeal area and adenoid involution. 7. Ten subjects had a history of tonsil and adenoid surgery, but of these only five demonstrated what appeared to be complete removal of nasopharyngeal and adenoid tissue as seen on postsurgical radiographs. The possibility that surgical technique may be the critical factor in the completeness of adenoid removal is presented. 8. The mandibular angle did not apear to be affected by periods of nasopharnygeal airway obstruction is any of the subjects in this study. However, an expanded longitudinal study would be required to determine if restriction of the nasopharyngeal airway influences facial form and occlusion.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1975

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in renal allotransplantation. Repart of a successfully treated case and review of the literature.

The development of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia after renal transplantation in a 17 year old white boy is reported, and the literature is reviewed. In this patient microangiopathic hemolytic anemia developed 6 weeks after renal transplantation during a second episode of rejection. Light, fluorescence and electron microscopy demonstrated the renal vascular lesion associated with this syndrome. In contrast to the other four previously reported cases of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia associated with renal allotransplantation, this patient had complete resolution of the microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with heparin therapy and improved allograft function, presumably with diminution of the vascular lesion. He survived a complicated early period after renal transplantation and has shown no recurrence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia in the 18 months since transplantation. Special red blood cell and fibrinogen studies are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Spinal stenosis.

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Adult↗