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Biomedical subjects

G Oremek

Publications and source records attributed to G Oremek.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[C-reactive protein in the recognition of postoperative infectious complications].

The postoperative levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) of 384 patients were studied prospectively. Infectious complications occurred in 50 patients. 92% of these patients showed a postoperative CRP increase. The CRP increase could be detected in 67.5% prior to the clinical signs of the septic complication, whereas 32.5% of the patients showed the CRP increase at the time of clinical symptoms. In 8 patients with rising CRP levels no septic focus could be detected. CRP seems to be a helpful parameter in the postoperative management especially in the early diagnosis of septic complications whereas the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and white blood cell count, which were detected simultaneously to CRP, lack reliability concerning early detection of postoperative complications.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1990

[Fructosamine as a diagnostic parameter in the clinical routine].

The fructosamine normal range was established from a collective of 90 healthy individuals as 219-285 mumol/l (+/- 2s; mean 240 mumol/l). From a group of 10 diabetics day profiles of glucose, protein, albumin, and fructosamine were recorded by measuring these parameters three times per day at 8.00, 11.30, and 15.00. The fructosamine concentration was essentially constant also when related to protein or albumin. Fructosamine, HbAlc, CK, and CK-MB were determined from 12 diabetics with fresh myocard infarct (7 diabetics, 5 non-diabetics). Surprisingly, diabetics as well as non-diabetics manifested high fructosamine concentrations. The origin of the fructosamine increase with non-diabetic myocard infarct patients is not yet known. Possibly the acute metabolic disorder plays an important role. An influence of fibrinogen on fructosamine is also conceivable. Additional investigations, including therapy of lysis, will be carried on. The stability of the fructosamine was examined by storing 50 sera (fructosamine 295-491 mumol/l, glucose 180-279 mg/dl) at different temperatures (+ 25 degrees C, + 4 degrees C, - 20 degrees C). At - 20 degrees C and + 4 degrees C fructosamine increases by up to 2% in 24 hours. At + 25 degrees C a 6% increase in fructosamine was observed within the same observation period.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1989

Influence of guar on serum lipids in patients with hyperlipidaemia.

The antihyperlipidaemic effect of a guar preparation which absorbs a particularly large amount of water has been examined in 13 patients with Type II hyperlipidaemia. A 30-day pre-treatment phase was followed by 60 days of treatment with 4 g guar dissolved in 200-ml liquid at each meal-time (total guar 12 g/day), and a 60-day post-treatment observation period. Routine other clinical blood tests were performed 30, 15 or 0 days before treatment, 15, 30 and 60 days after the start of treatment, and 30 and 60 days after its end. Total cholesterol fell by 0.85 mmol.l-1, from a pre-treatment concentration of 7.4 mmol.l-1 to a treatment value of 6.5 mmol.l-1, and LDL-cholesterol fell by 0.64 mmol.l-1, from 5.5 mmol.l-1 to a treatment value of 4.8 mmol.l-1. There was no significant change in triglyceride and VLDL concentrations during the study. A slight but significant fall in HDL-cholesterol was seen. The sole adverse effect was occasional intestinal discomfort.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1989

Endoprotease in human liver transforming multiple forms of alkaline phosphatase.

Two forms of alkaline phosphatase, extracted from human liver and named API1 and API3, are of high molecular mass, but API3 is the larger molecule and is membrane-bound while API1 is smaller and soluble. Enzyme kinetics are identical. It is suggested that API1 is produced from API3 by an endoprotease. We demonstrated the action of an endoprotease in human liver homogenate converting API3 into API1. In the absence of this enzyme no conversion occurred. This enzyme is active at an acidic pH (less than 6.5) in the presence of Ca.. or Mg.. -ions. It is inhibited by traces of EDTA. It is insensitive to diisopropyl fluoro-phosphate, to leupeptin and to reducing or oxidizing chemicals. At alkaline pH (8.6) its activity is rapidly destroyed. The enzyme is stable in acidic buffer. We conclude that API1 is indeed formed from API3 in the living cell by enzymatic conversion.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in rheumatic diseases.

Serum alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes were determined quantitatively by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate in 168 patients with rheumatic diseases subgrouped for disease activity. Median values of total alkaline phosphatase and bone isoenzyme activity, as well as frequency of patients showing pathological values, increased gradually and significantly corresponding to disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, from 0% in inactive to 90% in very active forms. Bone isoenzyme was much more sensitive than total alkaline phosphatase in moderate disease activity and was also correlated to the number of involved extravertebral joints and pain in ankylosing spondylitis. No correlation was found with stage or duration of disease, age, sex, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Additional to bone isoenzyme, liver isoenzymes were elevated in some patients, but with only a weak correlation with disease activity. The intestinal isoenzymes were always normal. We conclude that quantitative determination of serum alkaline phosphatase bone isoenzyme activity is a major indicator for the assessment of disease activity and therapeutic monitoring in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Reduction of hyperlipidemia with 3-sn-polyenyl-phosphatidylcholine in dialysis patients.

Hyperlipidemia is of particular concern in dialysis patients due to the high incidence of ischemic cardiovascular complications. Two groups of 10 patients with at least one year of dialysis and a residual glomerular filtration rate less than 1 ml/min, serum cholesterol greater than 260 mg/dl, LDL cholesterol greater than 180 mg/dl and triglycerides greater than 200 mg/dl were admitted to the study. The patients received either 3 x 450 mg 3-sn-polyenyl-phosphatidylcholine (PPC) mornings and evenings (2.7 g daily, 6 capsules) or placebo during the double-blind, randomized study. Six weeks treatment was followed by a two-week wash-out phase. Lipid parameters including total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL cholesterol were determined 14 days before treatment, at treatment begin, at 2, 4 and 6 weeks during treatment and 14 days after treatment cessation. PPC caused a significant decrease in total cholesterol (-37.8 mg/dl) two weeks after treatment begin (2 p less than 0.001). This decrease remained constant during the duration of treatment. Two weeks after PPC application a decrease in LDL-cholesterol had occurred (-32.0 mg/dl) (2 p less than 0.01) as compared to stable placebo values. Significant PPC induced decreases in triglycerides occurred four (-58.2 mg/dl; 2 p less than 0.001) and six weeks (-43.3 mg/dl; 2 p less than 0.01) after initiation of treatment, as compared to the placebo group (four weeks: +5.7 mg/dl and six weeks: -11.4 mg/dl). Side effects in the PPC group were equivalent to those reported in the placebo group. This study shows that PPC is an effective antihyperlipidemic agent in dialysis patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate reduces hyperlipidaemia in patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

Chronic renal insufficiency is often accompanied by hyperlipidaemia and subsequent coronary heart disease. Two groups of 15 patients with serum creatinine greater than 2 mg/100 ml and serum cholesterol less than 250 mg/100 ml were given 3 x 50 mg magnesium pyridoxal 5-phosphate glutamate (MPPG) or placebo for 12 weeks in a double-blind, randomised study. Total cholesterol in the MPPG group (282.4 mg.100 ml-1) was lower than in the placebo group (354.3 mg.100 ml-1) after 12 weeks of treatment. Triglycerides in the MPPG group were 265.1 mg.100 ml-1 compared to 361.9 mg.100 ml-1. After 12 weeks on MPPG the LDL/HDL ratio of 3.56 was lower than in the placebo group-6.83. Side effects in the MPPG group were similar to those in the placebo group. Thus, MPPG was an effective antihyperlipidaemic agent in patients with renal insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Determination of glycated hemoglobin by affinity chromatography.

An affinity chromatography microcolumn assay for glycated hemoglobin was compared with electrophoretic and microcolumn ion exchange methods. The affinity method has an imprecision of less than 4% for non-diabetic and less than 2% for diabetic specimens. The method is neither affected by carbamylated or acetylated hemoglobin nor by high glucose concentrations. Method comparisons showed discordant results due to interferences in electrophoretic and ion exchange methods in 3%-6.5% of all cases. Nonlinear relationships between affinity methods on one hand and electrophoretic as well as ion exchange methods on the other indicate that the affinity method measures not only beta-terminal glycated hemoglobin but all glycated hemoglobins, providing enhanced sensitivity and diagnostic value.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1987

[Measuring cis-dichlorodiamino platinum(II) concentrations in human blood and mouth mucosa].

Using the method of atomic absorption spectroscopy, platinum (DDP) concentrations were determined in tissue samples and plasma from 10 patients who suffered from a squamous cell carcinoma and were receiving cis-platinum. The drug was administered by a rapid infusion (60 mg/m2). Tissue samples and plasma were collected 5 h after infusion. Platinum concentrations found in squamous cells of the oral cavity varied from 3 to 20 micrograms/g with a median concentration of 7.5 micrograms/g. The corresponding plasma concentrations were 1.5-2.5 micrograms/ml. The data suggest that within 5 h after infusion an enrichment of cis-platinum takes place in human tissue.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1984

Multiple forms of alkaline phosphatases in human liver tissue.

Alkaline phosphatases (AP) extracted in the presence of n-butanol from human liver are separated by affinity chromatography on phenylsepharose Cl-4B into two fractions named APII and APIIII. By repeated chromatography, APII was purified to a single enzyme entity with a specific activity of 1,684 kU/g protein. APIIII was purified to a specific activity of 535 kU/g protein. It consisted of only APIIII enzyme activity, but still contained gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. These two forms of AP are different in chromatographic and electrophoretic behaviour, APIIII being a larger molecule than APII. APII and APIIII are very similar in enzyme kinetic behavior, such as substrate activity, thermolability and sensitivity to different inhibitors. It is concluded from these experiments that multiple forms of AP in liver bear identical active centres, the difference is due to a modification of protein residue. It is possible that both are modified forms of one enzyme. Both are different from the AP isoenzyme that appears in serum in cholestatic patients.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tumor markers, liver function tests and symptoms in 115 patients with isolated colorectal liver metastases.

Development of the hybridoma technique has made the identification of several new tumor antigens possible. Although it was hoped that they would be more tumor-specific, none of these markers are found exclusively in tumor or in serum of tumor patients. Compared with carcinoembryionic antigen (CEA) and liver function tests, the roles of these markers (CA 19-9, CA 125, CA 15-3) were prospectively evaluated in 115 patients with colorectal liver metastases. Patients were classified according to tumor volume (T1 less than 25%, T2 25-75%, T3 greater than 75%), and the extension of infiltration (solitary/multiple/diffuse; unilateral, bilateral). Patients with benign liver or biliary disease served as a control group (n = 63). Overall sensitivity was 87% for *1, 50% for *2 and 38% for *3, with a significant correlation with tumor size. CEA serum levels were elevated in 88% of all patients. CA 19-9 was less sensitive: positive in 59%. Because of some complementary elevations, the combined use of CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 125 raised sensitivity to 94%. CA 19-9 and LDH could be useful for confirmation because of their higher specificity; however, the specificity of CEA rose to 93% on using a cut-off of 10 ng/ml instead of 3 ng/ml. The results indicate that CEA and CA 19-9 as well as liver function tests are helpful for preoperative staging in conjunction with imaging procedures before liver resection or regional chemotherapy.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-p53 autoantibodies in hepatitis C virus-infected patients.

Mutations in the p53 gene with generation of circulating autoantibodies to p53 protein (anti-p53) have been recently detected in a significant proportion of patients with different malignant diseases. Using ELISA methods we assessed alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and anti-p53 as serological screening parameters for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 147 consecutive patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis. Liver cirrhosis was histologically diagnosed in 58 patients (39,5%) and a HCC confirmed in 7 patients (4.8%). Serum AFP levels were raised above 20 ng/ml in 26/147 patients (17.7%) and above 100 ng/ml in 5/147 patients (3.4%). In 6/7 patients with HCC serum AFP was raised above 20 ng/ml, but only in 3/7 cases above 100 ng/ml. Autoantibodies to p53 protein were detected in 3/7 patients with HCC, but in 0/140 patients without HCC (sensitivity 42.9%, specificity 100%). In conclusion, the presence of anti-p53 was specific for malignancy and independent of AFP status. Overall, the sensitivity of serological screening for HCC in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis was improved by combining AFP measurements (level > 100 ng/ml) with the detection of anti-p53.

Adolescent↗