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Biomedical subjects

G Ohi

Publications and source records attributed to G Ohi.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Quality of life: a possible health index for the elderly.

To assess whether quality of life (QOL) could be employed as an outcome measure of health programs for elderly populations, we evaluated the relationship between subjective assessment of QOL ("morale scale") and objective constituents of active life such as activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL (IADL) and work status along with determination of active life expectancy (ALE) in a rural district in Japan (n = 13,529). The QOL scale was positively correlated with ADL, IADL and work status but not with age. Validity and test-retest reliability were satisfactory as regards the small subsamples of respondents. ALE of the elderly aged 60 to 64 was 15.2 years, while their life expectancy was 27.1 years. Factors associated with lower ADL included age, lower IADL and joblessness. The QOL measurement and the objective variables can be incorporated into an assessment of the health status of the elderly in addition to conventional indices based on mortality.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1991

[Dementia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dementia↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of bioelectrical impedance method for fat measurement in corporate fitness program].

Control of body weight has been one of the major issues in corporate fitness programs in Japan. In scale of overweight and obesity, several measures have been used. In the present study, the recently developed bioelectrical impedance method (BIP) was evaluated to assess percent body fat in a corporate fitness program. Reliability of BIP was assessed in a male worker group repeatedly in a day and with a 3 month interval. In a larger population, BIP and two conventional measures of subcutaneous fat (SCF) and body mass index (BMI) were examined for their relationship and evaluated as predictor for the level of hypertension. According to the results, BIP showed a satisfactorily high reliability and the correlation coefficients of BIP to SCF and BMI were 0.501 and 0.455, respectively. Among the three measures for fat and overweight, only BIP and BMI were related to the level of hypertension, and BIP is a better predictor for the level of hypertension compared to BMI. These results validate the usefulness of BIP and further application of this method for corporate fitness program is suggested.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

Psychotic manifestations in the bed-fast elderly--a preliminary communication.

In order to examine a hypothesis that bed-fast elderly tend to develop psychotic manifestations more often when they are under greater environmental stress, we have devised a caretaker-patient relationship score (CPR score) to measure the relationship between the elderly and their principal caretakers. Our study in three areas of Japan demonstrated that in each area the occurrence of the psychotic manifestations is greater in the group with poor CPR scoring, suggesting that the greater the environmental stress the more frequently psychotic manifestations occur.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Notification of HIV carriers: possible effect on uptake of AIDS testing.

Passing of the AIDS Prevention Bill, which demands the notification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) carriers, seems imminent in Japan. Its effect on people's willingness to be tested for the HIV antibody was assessed among heterosexual subjects (students, office workers) and groups at high risk of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (prostitutes, homosexual males) by means of a questionnaire. More than 70% of the 811 students and 509 workers replied that, if notification became mandatory, they would agree to be tested but 10% of the males and 17% of the females in these two groups would prefer testing at institutes not complying with the clause; all 198 prostitutes said that they would be prepared to undergo testing but 35% of them would prefer to go to non-complying clinics; 45% (410) of 902 homosexual males replied that they would refuse testing, and 65% of those who would agree to be tested (492) would prefer to go to non-complying clinics. These findings strongly suggest that when the bill is passed the greater the self-perceived risk of HIV infection the poorer will be the uptake of AIDS testing. Hence the bill would be counterproductive in the surveillance of potential HIV carriers.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1978

Transcutaneous ethylene glycol monomethyl ether poisoning in the work setting.

During the period of an "energy crisis" in 1974, two workers in a textile printing plant in Massachusetts developed clinical manifestations of encephalopathy. Both had evidence of bone marrow injury and one had pancytopenia. Study of their work environment revealed that they had ethylene glycol monomethyl either (EGMME) poisoning primarily due to cutaneous exposure. EGMME was used as a cleansing agent as a substitute for acetone, which was unavailable due to temporary shortage. Proper product labels could have prevented the illness.

Bone Marrow Diseases↗
PubMed1977

Aerophagia induced by the nasal obstruction on experimental animals.

The excessive accumulation of gas in the gastrointestinal tracts was invariably induced on experimental animals (mice, rats, guinea pigs, hamsters and rabbits) by simply obstructing nasal passages. The analysis of the gas showed the almost identical composition to the ambient air or flutus which was largely due to swallowed air. Also the numerous small foams were found on and underneath the epithelial lining of small intestine. The pathological evaluation was done both macroscopically and microscopically. Dying animals after nasal obstruction showed hemorrhagic and necrotic changes in the jejunum and ileum. This observation may cast some light to the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis in human neonatal.

Aerophagy↗
PubMed1976

Effect of methylmercury on humoral immune responses in mice under conditions simulated to practical situations.

A suppression and delay in reaching the peak of primary humoral response in mice was noted when relatively large dosage of methylmercury was administered in a short time period, suggesting the interference with the initial multiplications of antibody producing cells. On the other hand, subchronic administration of low levels of methylmercury in diet (0.5 and 5ppm) caused no definite suppression on either primary or secondary responses, though they tended to be depressed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Polychlorinated biphenyl residues in maternal and cord blood in Tokyo metropolitan area.

PCB levels were determined with maternal and cord blood sampled at the time of delivery. All of the twentyfour mothers selected for this experiment are residents to Tokyo Metropolitan area. Gaschromatographic patterns of PCBs in cord blood closely resembled those of mothers. The cord blood in general showed lower PCB levels on both whole and fat basis than those in the maternal blood. No correlation was noticeable on statistical basis as regards the concentrations of PCBs between the cord blood and maternal blood. Our data suggests that the passage of PCBs through the placenta follows general patterns observed in other organochlorine insecticides.

Adipose Tissue↗