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Biomedical subjects

G Ohel

Publications and source records attributed to G Ohel.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation in the human placenta and fetal membranes.

The ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation in the microsomal fraction of at term placentas and fetal membranes were studied. In preliminary experiments, the optimum conditions for the measurement of this reaction were determined. Lipid peroxidation was significantly higher in the chorion and amnion compared to the placenta. In both fetal membranes, but not in the placenta, the reaction was enhanced by arachidonic acid and inhibited by indomethacin. The results indicate that the ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation in the fetal membranes is specific for prostaglandin synthetase activity and that these tissues are a major site of prostaglandin synthesis.

Amnion↗
PubMed1985

Serum ACTH levels in patients with polycystic ovarian disease.

Serum adrenocorticotrophic hormone levels were assayed in 8 patients with polycystic ovaries and a similar number of control subjects. Serum ACTH concentrations were normal in 6 patients and marginally elevated in 1. Investigations of markedly elevated readings in another patient showed this to be due to an interfering factor rather than the ACTH molecule itself.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1985

Familial occurrence of mature ovarian teratomas.

It has been suggested that genetic predisposing factors play a role in the development of ovarian teratomas. Familial occurrence of these tumors would support this view. Reported herein are identical twins, both of whom had a right ovarian mature teratoma. In both cases the presenting symptoms were acute torsion. The diagnosis was confirmed at laparotomy and subsequent histopathologic examination. The origin of ovarian teratomas seems to be linked to the process of parthenogenesis. This process probably involves a germ cell after its first meiotic division.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms in breast cancer patients in Israel.

The data of an epidemiologic study of multiple primary malignant neoplasms in breast cancer patients in Israel are presented. During the 18-year period of the study 12,302 cases of breast carcinoma were diagnosed, and, of these, 984 patients (8%) had multiple primary malignant tumors. Forty-seven of these patients developed two multiple primary cancers. A significantly higher than expected incidence of second primary cancers occurred at the following five sites: the opposite breast, salivary glands, uterine corpus, ovary, and thyroid. Cancers of the stomach and gallbladder were fewer than expected. Treatment of the breast cancer by irradiation was associated with an increased risk of subsequent cancers of lung and hematopoietic system. The prognosis was mainly influenced by the site and malignancy of the second primary cancer. The incidence of multiple primary malignancies justifies a high level of alertness to this possibility in the follow-up of breast cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Fetal movements and intrauterine growth retardation.

Fetal Movement (FM) rate was evaluated in cases of symmetrical and asymmetrical intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and was compared to the FM rate in normal pregnancy. In the 25-36th week of gestation there was a significant decrease of FM rate in both groups of IUGR which was more pronounced in the symmetrical group. Also shown, was a gradual trend of increase of the FM rate with advancing gestational age in both groups of IUGR. Cases of asymmetrical IUGR were noted, who had markedly decreased FM until cessation. In this group of IUGR decreased FM demands prompt hospitalization and fetal heart rate monitoring so that possible respiratory failure and impending fetal death can be detected.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Urinary culture and morbidity in gynecological surgery.

Three hundred women undergoing gynecological surgery were evaluated as regards post-operative morbidity and its relationship to urinary tract infections. The incidence of pre-operative positive urine cultures was 6.3%. This was almost tripled post-operatively. Post operative morbidity was found in 39% of the cases with the highest rate following vaginal surgery. Urinary tract infection was thought to be the cause in 20% of the cases, wound infection in 42% and unknown among 36% of the cases. It was found that the pre- and post-operative urine cultures were poorly related to morbidity and it was particularly noted that 41% of patients who had positive post-operative cultures suffered no morbidity at all. It was concluded that the mere finding of positive post-operative urine cultures may not have accounted for the morbidity in some of the cases and the need for further search of the cause is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Granulosa cell tumors in Israel: a study of 172 cases.

Data of an epidemiologic study of granulosa cell tumors in Israel are presented. During the 15-year period of the survey, 172 cases of granulosa cell tumors of the ovary were diagnosed. This represents a yearly incidence of 0.9/100,000 females. The incidence of occurrence was two times higher in women of European/American origin than in those of Asian/African origin. Most patients were 40 to 69 years old. The presenting symptoms were mainly those of abdominal distension and pain and changes in the menstrual pattern. Associated malignancy was relatively common. Carcinoma of the breast was present in 6.4% of patients and endometrial malignancy in 11%. Forty-five percent of patients were diagnosed at Stage I of the disease while 27% were detected at the advanced Stages, III and IV. Factors affecting the prognosis involved the clinical stage of the disease at diagnosis, the type of presenting symptoms, and to a limited extent, the age of the patient.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

The definition and the significance of decreased fetal movements.

The ability to diagnose severe chronic fetal distress-impending death utilizing the six different definitions of decreased fetal movement (DFM) currently in use, was evaluated retrospectively in 616 high-risk pregnant women. The study reveals the superiority of two definitions as prognostic tools: The "movements alarm signal" (MAS), i.e. no fetal movements (FM) for at least 12 hours with audible fetal heart beats, and "ten and less FM" (less than or equal to 10 FM), i.e. ten or fewer FM in 12 hours. The application of these definitions distinguished two groups of patients which included significantly more poor outcomes than were contained by the groups of patients based on the other definitions. MAS was the definition also selecting the group with fewest false-positive cases. The monitoring of FM while utilizing one of the above two definitions of DFM as cut-off points for suspected impending fetal death is a useful adjunct in high-risk pregnancy management.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Complications of cone biopsy of the cervix.

Postoperative complications of cone biopsy of the cervix were reviewed in 121 patients. Major complications such as haemorrhage, haematometra and fever were encountered in 13,2% of this group. Specific risk factors were not identified, except for a suggestion that chromic catgut might be less favourable than Dexon for suture of the cervical stump. In view of the type and number of complications associated with cone biopsy, it should be considered as a major surgical undertaking, regardless of its apparent technical simplicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Fetal heart rate in the second stage of labour and fetal outcome.

Fetal heart rate tracings were obtained in 50 patients who had a normal 1st stage of labour until delivery of the baby. Fetal condition at birth was assessed by umbilical cord artery (UCA) pH and Apgar scores. Forty-eight of the 50 fetal heart tracings showed frequent, marked, early decelerations throughout the 2nd stage of labour. These tracings, when not accompanied by other pathological features, were associated with a good fetal outcome at birth.

Apgar Score↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Double-layer closure of uterine incision with visceral and parietal peritoneal closure: are they obligatory steps of routine cesarean sections?

The objective of this study was to examine the feasibility of a modified technique of cesarean section in which the uterine incision is sutured in one layer and the visceral and parietal peritoneum are left open. Two hundred patients undergoing a low segment cesarean section were prospectively randomized (according to the patients' identity numbers) into two groups. The first group had standard cesarean section including a continuous double layer closure of uterine incision in addition to closure of visceral and parietal peritoneum. The second group underwent the modified procedure as described above. The modified technique compared to the standard technique, resulted in shorter operative time (32 +/- 11 versus 44 +/- 16 min, P < 0.0001) and a reduced need for postoperative sedation (P < 0.004). The operative procedure was shown, by multiple regression analysis, to be the significant factor that determined its length. Postoperative morbidity was similar in the two groups. The modified technique of cesarean section reduces operative time and postoperative narcotic requirement, and has no adverse affect on postoperative recovery. A double-layer closure of low uterine incision, re-approximation of bladder flap, and closure of parietal peritoneum, as in the standard technique, do not seem to be essential steps of cesarean section. Larger studies are needed to ensure the safety of one-layer uterine closure in future deliveries.

Analgesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High prevalence of activated protein C resistance due to factor V leiden mutation in cases of intrauterine fetal death.

OBJECTIVE: To test a possible association between activated protein C resistance and intrauterine fetal death. METHODS: The activated protein C anticoagulant activity and factor V R506Q mutation were assessed in 14 nonpregnant women with a history of intrauterine fetal death and 14 healthy controls. RESULTS: Four women in the study group were heterozygotes for the factor V mutation and none of the controls. The mean activated protein C activity of the study group was statistically significantly lower than that of the controls (P = 0.013). CONCLUSION: Resistance to activated protein C activity may be of etiologic importance in some cases of intrauterine fetal death.

Activated Protein C Resistance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complete abortion of early ectopic pregnancy.

Abortion of an early ectopic pregnancy is a rarely diagnosed event. Coincidental serial hormonal studies performed on a patient suffering from idiopathic secondary infertility enabled the authors to record plasma estradiol, progesterone and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin concentrations, which, combined with the physical findings, ultrasonography and laparoscopy, led to the diagnosis of a complete abortion of an early ectopic pregnancy. Apart from slight vaginal bleeding on day 44 of a prolonged cycle, the patient was asymptomatic throughout and the importance of plasma beta-human chorionic gonadotropin determination in such a situation is discussed.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decline of hepatitis A antibodies during the first 7 months of life in full-term and preterm infants.

In a previous study we have shown that transplacental transfer of hepatitis A antibodies to preterm infants does not differ from that observed in full-term infants. This follow-up study was designed to investigate the decline of hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies during the first 7 months of life in full-term and preterm infants, in an endemic region for hepatitis A. Two hundred and fifty newborn infants--147 full-term and 103 preterm infants--were enrolled. Blood samples from the infants were taken at birth, and at 3 and 7 months of age. Anti-HAV titers were determined by ELISA. A concentration of > or = 1:20 mlU/ml was considered protective. Protective hepatitis A antibodies were present at birth in 48.3% of all full-term and 49.5% of all premature infants. By the age of 7 months only 13% of full-term and 21.7% of preterm infants still had protective titers. For the seropositive full-term infants the geometric mean titers (GMT) were 15,698, 6,107 and 345 at birth, 3 months and 7 months, respectively, and for preterm infants, 10,378, 2,307 and 225 at birth, 3 months and 7 months, respectively. Significant differences in GMT between preterm and full-term infants were found at birth and at 3 months of age (P < 0.05). In a region endemic for hepatitis A, low levels of anti-HAV at 7 months of age may justify trials on infant vaccination since this is the most effective way to eliminate hepatitis A from circulation.

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Placental transfer of maternal poliovirus antibodies in full-term and pre-term infants.

This study was designed to investigate the placental transfer of maternal poliovirus antibodies in full-term and pre-term infants. Two hundred healthy, Israeli born mothers and their infants, were enrolled immediately after birth. The study population comprised two groups: a full-term group of 150 mothers and their infants, and a pre-term group of 50 mothers and their infants (gestational age < 35 weeks). Maternal and umbilical cord blood samples were taken in all cases. Antibody titers against the three poliovirus serotypes and a polio virus type 1 strain that caused an outbreak in 1988 (epidemic strain 1) were measured by a microneutralization system. The proportion of individuals with protective titers against each of the poliovirus types tested was slightly lower in the infants compared with their mothers. When protection to all strains combined was tested, the difference between mothers and infants was significant (P < 0.05). Transplacental transfer to epidemic strain 1 was less effective--12% of the premature infants were not protected against it at birth. The geometric mean titers against poliovirus types 1, 3 and epidemic type 1 strain were significantly lower in the pre-term group than in the full-term group. In both the full-term and pre-term groups there were significant linear correlations between the maternal and neonatal antibody titers for each of the polio viruses tested. For all poliovirus types, the transfer of maternal antibodies to the full-term infant was significantly higher than the transfer of maternal antibodies to the pre-term infant (P < 0.001). Owing to diminished transfer of maternal antibodies, pre-term infants are at greater risk of poliovirus infection.

Adult↗